SOC 101 Social Problems Instructor; Peggy RobertsPower Point .docx

SOC 101: Social Problems
Instructor; Peggy Roberts
Power Point Presentation
Due Date: March 14th
Worth 100 pts
· Choose an ISSUE RELATED to Sociology. Some ideas: Birth
order, Elderly and HIV/AID’s, Going Green, Marriage, Hunger
in the United States, Co-Habitation, Obesity, Teen Pregnancy,
Science and Technology, Longer Life span in the United States,
Unemployment, Rise in Births, ……endless topics.
· Must have at least 6 references
· You will be expected to create a Power Point presentation
from the one issue
· You will be emailing me the power points, which then I will
post on Bb for the rest of the class on Due on March 14th .
_________Presentations must include at least 16 slides. Worth
40 pts
________You must include a title slide with your name and the
title of the issue. Worth 5 pts
_________You must also include speaker’s notes (in power
points), so anyone who is giving the presentation will
understand and be able to explain the slides content. (Speaker
notes goes under the slide- look for the text box): Worth 30 pts
________Reference information must be included as appropriate
in correct APA (6th ed.) on the last side: Worth: 5 pts
________Correct grammar, spelling, complete and correct

information, format & creativity: Worth 20 pts
__________ Points /100 Points possible
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Chapter 15
Instructor: Peggy Roberts
*
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY- FUTURISTIC
Science- the process of discovering, explaining, and predicting
natural or social phenomena
Technology- a form of human cultural activity that applies the
principles of science and mechanics to the solution of
problemsCan you think of any great one in the last 20 years?
HIV/AIDS and the some day Vaccine for AIDS
*
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DOMINATES
Agricultural Societies- production of raw materials-the use of
tools that previously was accomplished by hand
(Mechanization)
Industrialization Societies- mass production of goods – self-

operating machines (Automation)
Post-Industrialization- service and information professions-
machines control machines -making production decisions,
programming robots, and monitoring assembly performance
(Cybernation)
Automation- Robots
*
TECHNOLOGICAL REVOLUTION
Less than 50 years ago-
Traveling across state lines was an arduous task
Long-distance phone calls were a memorable event
Mail carriers brought belated news of friends and relatives from
far away
Today-
Travelers journey between continents in a matter of hours
E-mail, faxes, videoconferencing, instant messaging, and
electronic funds transfers have replaced conventional means of
communication
*
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: INTERNETInternet had 850
million users in more than 100 countries- nearly 140 million
users in the United StatesThe most common online language
populations are
English – 35.2%
Chinese-13.7%

Spanish- 9%
Japanese 8.4%
German 6.9% & French 4.2%
Get- online = Africans, Middle Easterners, and Latin Americans
increasing users- becoming Global
Average time spent during surfing session is 50 minutes
Average time online per month 25 hours and 48 minutes
Average number of sessions per month- 31 times
*
Robot Market-
Microsoft’s Internet platform and support products are sold all
over the world
Intel's computer processing units (CPU’s) power an estimated
four –fifths of the worlds personal computers (PC)
Genetic research – blood and skin samples from remote
islanders all over the world
A global treaty regulation trade of genetically altered
production had been signed by more than 100 nations – Why do
you think this is so important?
*
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: R & D
Research and Development (R&D)-
Research entails the pursuit of knowledge
Development refers to the production of materials, systems,

processes, or devices directed towards the solution of practical
problems2003- The United States spend $276 Billion on
R&DFunding sources are primarily from four sectors-
1. Private Industry 66%
2. Federal Government 28%
*
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: R & D
3.Colleges and Universities 3%
4. Other nonprofit organizations -Research
Institutes-3%
*
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYScientific discoveries and
technological development require the support of a country’s
citizens and political leadersWHY?
*
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYExample- Abortions
Although abortion has been technically possible for many years,

millions of the world’s citizens live in countries where
abortions is either prohibited or permitted only when the life of
the mother is in danger.
Thus the degree to which science and technology are considered
good or bad, desirable or undesirable, is a function of time and
place
Social constructionists
*
TECHNOLOGICAL FIX/SOCIAL ENGINEERING
Shortage of Water- Two views
Technological Fix- Social problems can be resolved through
technology
Increase the water supply
Social Engineering-changing people’s habits or motivation
Persuading people to change their lifestyle- use less
water, take shorter showers, and wear clothes more than once
before washing
Can you think of another one?
Drinking and driving- Technological fix- air bags (reduce
injuries and death resulting from car accidents
Social Engineering- public service announcements- “Friends
don’t let friends drive drunk”, imposing stiffer penalties for
drunk driving
*
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: POSTMODERNISM
Postmodernism- a Worldwide view that questions the validity

of rational thinking and the scientific enterprisePinpointing to
the unforeseen and unwanted consequences of resulting
technologiesWhat are some?
Automobiles- mass-production; consumer demands vs. increased
air pollution and the deterioration of cities as suburbs
developed – traffic fatalities are the number one cause of
accident-related deaths
IFV ( In Vitro Fertilization) - older parents-younger orphans
*
TECHNOLOGY IN THE WORKPLACEAll workplaces, from
government offices to factories and from supermarkets to real-
estate agencies, have felt the impact of technologyTime-saving
devices Enhance workers’ efficiency vs. worker errorChanging
work location- teleworkingRobotic Technology- robot work in
factories (more than half of them are used in heavy industry-
automobile manufacturing) & hospitals (heart, brain , and many
other surgeries)
100 Million people work from home at least one day a week
(Mostly Americans- Generation Y (born:1980-1994)).
*
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: COMPUTER
REVOLUTIONSeventy-two million employees use a computer
at workFemales, Caucasian, and more educated people have
higher rates of computer use at work
Most common uses of the computer at work -
Internet or email

Word processing, working with spreadsheets or databases, &
accessing or updating calendars or schedules
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: COMPUTER REVOLUTION
United States: Households with Computers= 61.8%Households
with internet access= 54.6%Fastest growing population of
computer uses = Elderly 66.3%Wealthier families are more
likely to have a computer - $150,000 or more annual income -
94.7%; compared to 26.9% low-income families making
$10,000 annually61.1% of White American own a computer
compare to 37.1% of African Americans
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: INTERNET
Uses for internet
Communication – 93%
Enterainment-46%
Transactions-63%
Information-97%
Communication- email or instant messaging
Entertainment- play games, listen to music, or view TV or
movies
Transactions- purchase of product or services, Bank on line
Information- Search for products, get news, health services or
practices, gov’t services or agencies, jobs
*
SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGYBiotechnology- Contested
issues- Reproductive TechnologyThe evolution of reproductive

science has been hindered by the stigma associated with
sexuality and reproduction
Link with unpopular social movements- birth control
Challenges the natural order In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) an
egg and sperm are united in an artificial setting – First test tube
baby was in 1944, but was not born until 1978- Miss Louise
Brown
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: REPRODUCTIVE2003- There
were more than 400,000 frozen embryos-
88% set aside for future family building, 3 % for medical
research and 2% for donation to other couples
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGYCloning- What is your take on
cloning?Is it a threat to human dignity and the preservation of
human life?Arguments against cloning are largely based on
moral and ethical considerations
Medical value- may allow everyone to have “their own reserve
of therapeutic cells” that would increase their chance of being
cured of various diseases (cancer, degenerative disorders, and
viral or inflammatory diseases), and alternative reproductive
route for couples who are infertile and for those in which one
partner is at risk for transmitting a genetic disease
*
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: CONSEQUENCESAlienated-
Workers may feel that there is no creativity in what they do
because technology continues to play an important role in the

workforceDeskilling- Labor requires less thought than before
and gives the worker fewer decisions to make- work become
routine, boring, and meaninglessUpskilling- technology in the
work environments- reduces alienation because employees find
their work more rather than less meaningful and have greater
decision-making powers as information becomes decentralized
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: CONSEQUENCESIsolation-
Technology affects social relationships and the nature of social
interactionTelephone- fewer visits from friends and
familyDVD’s and PC – limits the number of social interaction at
the movies theaterDating- Internet dating( Chat Room)- social
and physical contact Blue Shield of California is now paying
Doctors to go on-line for consultations ($25 for each
email)Children on internet spend less time playing outdoor
sports - obesity
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: CONSEQUENCES Loss Of
Privacy And Security- 2005 – 36 % of companies use
“keystroke monitoring so they can read what people type as well
as track how much time they spend at the computer”1 in 20
companies has been sued for e-mail-related
surveillanceFinancial Records stolenUnauthorized disclosure of
medical records“People aren’t aware that mouse clicks can be
traced, packaged, and sold”– U.S. Department of Commerce
Larry Irving
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: PHYSICAL HEALTH
Physical Health:Technology-induced diseases from
Nuclear power plants,

Pesticide DDT,
Automobiles,
X-rays,
Food coloring, &
Breast implants
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY: MENTAL HEALTH
Mental Health60% of workers report being “technophobes” –
fearful of technology 10% of Internet users are addicted to
being online = MOUSE
M= more than intended time spent online
O= other responsibilities neglected
U= unsuccessful attempts to cut down
S= significant relationship discord
E= excessive thoughts or anxieties when not online
Future Shock- to describe the confusion resulting from rapid
scientific and technological changes that unravel our traditional
values and beliefs
Life vs. Death
Personalities From Birth
By: Emily M Cribb
{

With in Sociology there are many different area’s that play a
role and because of this there was a wide variety of things I was
able to pick from. I felt I would pick personality in infancy.
Personality plays a role in social problems from birth and or
infancy if their parents do not take note, and help guide their
infants from birth in a positive manner for their overall growth
into adulthood. With a positive upbringing and also learned
tools from their parents they will be able to successfully deal
with any issues that arise with in social problems.
1
Personalities from birth do they stay the same, or do they
change with in time due to their social and cultural upbringing?
2
Lets start out with what is personality? There are many
definitions for what is considered to be someone’s personality.
Personality is considered a set of traits. As found while
researching this topic I came up with, “personality is something
that we all possess to some degree, or to put it more extremely,
something that we either have or do not have (strongman, 2006,
p. 136).” The easiest way to explain this is that some people

have lots of personality and will stand out in a crowd, while
there are others who almost have no personality, and are very
bland in their disposition all together not to be easily noticed.
3
Clinical psychology
Focus on how people adapt to everyday life as a person
{
There is quite a lot of information that has been done over the
years with in Clinical psychology.
4
Academic psychology
Study groups of people using statistical analyses
{
Also, there is also a lot of studies on how Academic psychology
plays a role as well in figuring out personalities.
5

When discussing infants and their overall personal growth one
must also bring into consideration the infant and the changes
they go through with in the early stages of their lives. One of
the greatest psychologists Jean Piaget has been used for looking
into many stages that go on with in infancy and on. The stages
show us a better understanding of how children grow
intellectually and also cognitive growth as well.
6
Stages Of Growth
By: Jean Piaget
Stage One: Sensory Motor, were the baby knows about the
world through interactions through sensory.
Stage Two: The Pre-operational, which happens around the 2-
7th year of age. In this stage it is thought to be were they
further develop their symbolic function with symbolic reasoning
and problem solving.
Stage Three: 7-12 years of age called the Concrete Operational
Stage, this is were the child can understand the Conservation of
mass, length, weight and volume.
The Formal operational stage at the age of twelve. At this stage

it is known that they are able to abstract with reasoning. It is
also noted that the child can manipulate ideas in their mind as
well as manipulate with objects as well.
7
Personality Changes from:
*Biological variations
*Social influences
*Cultural upbringing
*Cognitive factors
*Childhood experiences
Personality is a very broad subject that starts from infancy in
life. Personality is the psychological functioning of the
individual person. It encompasses the diverse qualities of
individuals and the influences on their psychological
functioning.
And this is were we finally come to the reason as why
personality can be changed due to, “Personality Description,
Dynamics and development biological variations, social
influences, cognitive factors, childhood experiences, individual
goals and choices and other aspects of personality have been
described by various theorists and researchers as components of
personality (Cloninger Susan, 1996, P. 1).”
8

Neville and Johnsons book they noted, “Most parents know that
children are different from one another from the day they are
born (Neville, p. 11).” They discussed how this was good for
the parents as well because with them knowing their own child
than they can help them with different life changes.
9
Temperament plays a pretty large role when trying to
understand babies and their temperaments.
10
Happy Baby
Temperament and the Happy Baby. Happy babies are usually

less demanding of the parents attention and are more easily
taught the tools necessary for adulthood through out their youth.
11
Sad baby
Temperament and the sad baby. If parents tend to these babies
in a positive manor and continue to give them tools to learn how
to grow more happy than this will help with sociology issues in
adulthood. Overall, temperament works with shaping our
development in infancy in to whom we end up as an adult.
12
Study of Human Development
One of the earliest systematic observers of infant development,
Arnold Gesell (1928, cited by Kessen, 1965), followed the
development of hundreds of children, filming their behavior at
the Yale Laboratory for the Study of Human Development
(Rothbart, 2011, p. 2).” Mr. Gesell describes individual
differences in temperament and upbringing that makes the
emerging personality from infancy and or child.
13

As I have found there are many factors when discussing an
infants personality and how it plays a role in how they will
handle sociological issues throughout life. Of course the list is
never ending, but the most largest ones are: Biological, Social
influences, Cultural upbringing, Cognitive factors, Childhood
experiences, Individual goals, all play a large role in an infants
personality. Studies show the more the parent works with the
infant from birth the better they will be able to cope with all
these other influences in life.
14
Many factors are involved in ones personality.
Overall, the information I have found through researching
babies, and all of their different personalities, and my own
personal life experiences to be pretty accurate, and that the
babies environment all around them (biological variations,
social influences, cognitive factors, childhood experiences,
individual goals and choice,) plays a big part in how the infants
personality at birth will play out overall into adulthood, and
how to better prepare them for a positive sociological outlook
for their future.

15
References:
Cloninger Susan, C. (1996). Personality Description, Dynamics,
and Development. New York: W.H. Freeman and Company.
Neville, H. a. Temperament Tools Working with Your Child's
Inborn Traits. (C. J. Threadgill, Ed.) Seattle, WA: Parenting
Press, Inc.
Pulaski, M. A. (1978). Our Baby's Mind And How It Grows.
New York, NY: Harper & Row.
Smith Peter K. & Cowie, H. (1991). Understanding Children's
Development 2nd Edition. Oxford, UK: Basil Blackwell Inc.
Strongman, K. T. (2006). Applying Psychology to Everyday
Life A Beginner's Guide. England, UK: John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.
Rothbart, M. K. (2011). Becoming Who We Are. New York,
NY: The Guilford Press.
Giving a Presentation
Preparation ObjectivesLimitationsMain
PointsBeginningMiddleEndReview & ReviseVisuals

ObjectivesProvide road map for teachingDescription of the
learner outcome one expects from the lessonSpecific and
measurableBegin with “The student will be able to…”
*
Things to consider – Why are you giving this presentation?
Who will you be talking to and what do they know about the
subject already. What do you want to accomplish in your
presentation.
Upon completion of this presentation, the student will be able to
demonstrate his/her ability to sew on a button (holes or clasp)
by hand.
LimitationsHow long?What format are you expected to
follow?Where will your presentation be given?What is the
layout of the room – can it be changed?
*
How much time do you have to accomplish what you plan on
accomplishing. Is the time reasonable?
Main PointsWhat are your main pointsNo more than 3 points in
a 10 minute talkIs there a logical connection between those
points?Be sure to connect the dotsWhat evidence can you
produce to support your points and make your case clear?

BeginningBrief introductionCan they see and hear you?When
will you take questions?Outline the structure of the talkGet the
attention of the audience Anecdote, question, contradictory
statements
MiddlePresent your information in a variety of ways to
accommodate a variety of learning stylesExamples, anecdotes,
case studiesCharts and graphsHandoutsVideo clipsArtifacts
which can be shared with the audience
*
For this assignment, you will be expected to demonstrate, as
well as teach the class something
EndSummarize what has been said
Review and ReviseDoes it meet the objectives?Is it organized
logically?Is the content right for the audienceIs it the right
length?
Visuals
Some DOs and DON’TsDO Use appropriate techniques to

enhance learning
DO Interact with students
DO Budget your time - Technology requires this
*
Some DOs and DON’TsDON’T allow technology to dictate
content
DON’T read screens, use them to drive discussion
*
Common problemsToo much information per slideBusy
backgroundsMultiple backgrounds in same presentationMisuse
of colorFont size or style
*
Keep information as brief as you can. Don’t use fancy graphics,
they may look good but they just become a blur to many users.
Try not to put up notes that go on and on about the subject as it
will just become a reading exercise for the audience and they

really do not have to put up with it, as they have come to listen
to you and not see how much information you can put on a
slide. Besides less is in fact more as you can then divert away
from the set text if audience participation ........
Too much informationUsually three to five topics
maximumAllow white space for easy readingHighlight
important or key words
*
Busy backgroundsCan distract from the content
*
Multiple backgrounds in same presentation
*
And Like This

Or Like ThisAre also distracting
Misuse of color
*
Font size or style (44)Use a font size that can be seenThis is too
small (16 Arial)Minimum font size for presentation usually
24or 24 boldThis is 32 ArialToo many different styles can
distract from the message
*
Use Bullets, Not NumbersBullets imply no significant order
Use numbers only to show rank or sequence
*

Your Slides are Not your PresentationYour slides are a focus
for your presentation BUTThey are not the presentation You
present your information with slides to focus interest on what
you think is important
*
Too Much Background
*
DeliveryVoiceNerves can make you speak fasterSlow down and
pauseGive your voice some inflection
EyesTry to speak to the audience as individuals Maintain eye
contactLook around the room“share” the presentation with them
DeliveryBe aware of repetitive and half conscious
movementsDon’t crack your knuckles or pick your nose
HandsBe naturalKeep hands away from your face

Final TipsTalk to the audienceDon’t leave OH’s on view when
they are no longer relevant

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