Triple DES Model

Triple DES Model
Glossary
3DES (Triple DES): An enhancement to the original DES algorithm that uses multiple keys to
encrypt plaintext. See also DES.
AAA: Shorthand for the system controls authentication, authorization, and accountability.
Abstraction: A process of viewing an application from its highest–level functions, which makes
lower–level functions abstract.
Access control: The ability to permit or deny the use of an object (a passive entity such as a system
or file) by a subject (an active entity such as a person or process).
Access matrix model: Provides object access rights (read/write/execute, or R/W/X) to subjects in a
discretionary access control (DAC) system. An access matrix consists of access control lists (ACLs)
and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Assets can be hard goods such as computers and equipment, but can also be information and
intellectual property.
Asymmetric key system (or asymmetric algorithm; public key): A cryptographic system that uses
two separate keys: one key to encrypt and a different key to decrypt information. These keys are
known as public and private key pairs.
ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode): A very high–speed, low–latency, packetswitched
communications protocol.
Audit: The independent verification of any activity or process.
Audit trail: The auxiliary records that document transactions and other events.
Authentication: The process of verifying a subject's claimed identity in an access control system.
Authorization (or establishment): Defines the rights and permissions granted to a subject (what you
can do).
Automatic controls: Controls that are automatically performed by information systems.

Availability: Ensuring that systems and data are accessible to authorized users when they need it.
Background check: The process of verifying a person's professional, financial, and legal
background, usually in connection with employment.
Baselines: Identifies a consistent basis for an organization's security architecture, taking into account
system–specific parameters, such as different operating systems. : Glossary
Bell–LaPadula model: A formal confidentiality model that defines two basic properties: _ simple
security property (ss property): A subject can't
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Managing Virtual Teams
Human Resource Management Review 15 (2005) 69 – 95 www.socscinet.com/bam/humres
Managing virtual teams: A review of current empirical research
Guido Hertela,T, Susanne Geisterb, Udo Konradtb a Department of Psychology, Work, Industrial &
Organizational Psychology, University of Wuerzburg,
Roentgenring 10, 97 070 Wuerzburg, Germany b University of Kiel, Germany
Abstract
This review summarizes empirical research on the management of virtual teams, i.e., distributed
work teams whose members predominantly communicate and coordinate their work via electronic
media (e–mail, telephone, video–conference, etc.). Instead of considering virtual teams as
qualitatively distinct from conventional teams, the degree of bvirtualityQ of ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus, extending earlier work, this paper provides a comprehensive review on the different
management tasks in virtual teams based on empirical research. After providing a definition of
virtual teams, an integrative lifecycle model of virtual teams will be presented that covers crucial
HRM issues such as selection, performance management, rewards and personnel development, but
also contains new issues such as the question of a constructive disbanding of virtual teams. The
following presentation of the available empirical work is guided by this lifecycle model
summarizing empirical results and their implications for each of these issues. In contrast to research
on computer–mediated collaboration (CMC) that predominantly compares media effects between
computer–mediated and face–to–face groups using experimental settings (cf. Baltes, Dickson,
Sherman, Bauer, & LaGanke, 2002; Fjermestad & Hiltz,
1998), this review focuses particularly on quantitative field research of existing virtual teams in
order to acknowledge effects of time and organizational context. However, results from
experimental CMC research as well as case studies and experience reports will be considered for
issues that have not yet been addressed by quantitative field studies.1
2. Definition of virtual teams
Distributed work across different locations and/or working

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Security Guide
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Security Guide
1
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6
Security Guide
A Guide to Securing Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Edition 3
Red Hat Engineering Content Services
2
Legal Notice
Legal Notice
Copyright © 2011 Red Hat, Inc. Based on the Fedora Security Guide (current version at
http://docs.fedoraproject.org/enUS/Fedora/16/html/Security_Guide/index.html), written by Johnray
Fuller, Eric Christensen, Adam Ligas, and other Fedora Project contributors. T he text of and
illustrations in this document are licensed by Red Hat under a Creative Commons Attribution–Share
Alike 3.0 Unported license ("CC–BY–SA"). An explanation of CC–BY–SA is available at
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by–sa/3.0/. In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
xinetd 2.6.4. xinetd Configuration Files 2.6.5. Additional Resources 2.7. Virtual Private Networks
(VPNs) 2.7.1. How Does a VPN Work? 2.7.2. Openswan 2.8. Firewalls 2.8.1. Netfilter and IPT
ables 2.8.2. Basic Firewall Configuration 2.8.3. Using IPT ables 2.8.4. Common IPT ables Filtering
2.8.5. FORWARD and NAT Rules 2.8.6. Malicious Software and Spoofed IP Addresses 2.8.7. IPT
ables and Connection T racking 2.8.8. IPv6 2.8.9. IPT ables 3. Encryption 3.1. Data at Rest 3.1.1.
Full Disk Encryption 3.1.2. File Based Encryption 3.2. Data in Motion 3.2.1. Virtual Private
Networks 3.2.2. Secure Shell 3.2.3. OpenSSL Intel AES–NI Engine 3.2.4. LUKS Disk Encryption
3.2.5. Using GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG) 4. General Principles of Information Security 4.1. T ips,
Guides, and T ools 5. Secure Installation 5.1. Disk Partitions 5.2. Utilize LUKS Partition Encryption
6. Software Maintenance 6.1. Install Minimal Software 6.2. Plan and Configure Security Updates
6.3. Adjusting Automatic Updates 6.4. Install Signed Packages from Well Known Repositories 7.
Federal Standards and Regulations 7.1. Introduction 7.2. Federal Information Processing Standard

(FIPS) 7.2.1. Enabling FIPS Mode 7.3. National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual
(NISPOM) 7.4. Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) 7.5. Security T echnical
Implementation Guide 8. References
6
Table of Contents
A. Encryption Standards A.1. Synchronous Encryption A.1.1. Advanced Encryption Standard – AES

Survey on the Impact of Microsoft on Communication Systems...
Survey on Microsoft
Communication Systems
Introduction
Microsoft, founded by Paul Allen and Bill Gates, began in 1975 as two men selling software for a
microcomputer intended for hobbyists.[1] [2] Since then, Microsoft has expanded their product base
to cover operating systems, gaming consoles, and tablets extending not only to software but also to
complex hardware.
To examine Microsoft's impact and usage of communication systems, the following report will focus
on three main product areas: Xbox Kinect; Windows hone 8.1; and Xbox One Controller.
Xbox Kinect
The Xbox one is a complex piece of equipment. The Kinect uses a 1080p wide–angle time–of–flight
camera, and processes 2 gigabits of data per second to read its ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This chip provides sequential read operation on whole chip. Program command is executed on byte
basis, or page (256 bytes) basis, or word basis for erase command is executed on sector (4K–byte),
block (32K–byte), or block (64K–byte), or whole chip basis. This chip can store up to 100,000
programs and erase cycles efficiently. [6]
The SK Hynix H5TC1g63EFR is a 1 GB low power Double Data Rate III (DDR3L) Synchronous
DRAM. This chips is in charge of memory applications which require large memory density, high
bandwidth and low power operation at 1.35V. The data paths in this chip are internally pipelined and
8–bit prefetched to achieve very high bandwidth[7]
The NCP6922C is designed to improve supply battery powered portable application subsystems
such as cameras, microprocessors, etc. This device integrates two high efficiency 800 mA step–
down DC to DC converters with DVS (Dynamic Voltage Scaling) and two low dropout (LDO)
voltage regulators. [8]
The NCL30161 is a constant−current driver for high power LEDs. This chip enables a wide range of
pulsed dimming, and a high switching frequency and also allows the use of smaller external
components. It is mainly included in the Kinect top protect its LEDs. [9]

An Infra–red Camera is a camera that forms an image using infra–red radiation Instead of the 450–
750 nanometer range of the visible light camera, infrared cameras operate in

The Laptop Is An Amazing Achievement Of Technology
The laptop is an amazing achievement of technology. They allow us to do things that computers can
do. The biggest difference between a computer and a laptop is the difference in portability. The
laptop is lighter and smaller than most computers. Because of the laptop's weight and size, laptops
can be used and taken virtually anywhere. This report will go over the laptop's motherboard, the
Central Processing Unit, the Random Access Memory, and the chips.
The motherboard is the core of any computer. Every component of the computer must connect to the
motherboard in some way. There are many different types of motherboards. Each motherboard type
differs in size and features. The common motherboard types include ATX (Advanced Technology
Extended), Mini–ATX, Micro–ATX, Flex–ATX, and Mini–ITX (Information Technology Extended).
The ATX motherboard's common measurements are 30.5 by 24.4 centimeters. The Mini–ATX
motherboard's usual dimensions are 28.4 by 20.8 centimeters. The Micro–ATX motherboard's
common dimensions are 24.3 by 24.3 centimeters. The Flex–ATX motherboard's usual
measurements are 22.9 by 19.1 centimeters. The Mini–ITX motherboard's common dimensions are
17.0 by 17.0 centimeters.
The motherboard of a laptop is not very different compared to normal computer motherboards. The
main difference between the motherboards is the size. Laptops are smaller so the motherboard and
parts are miniaturized. Foxconn manufactured the motherboard we used for this report. Figure 1:

Information Technology
Communicative English Bachelor of Information Technology First Year First Semester Course
Description: This course is designed for the students of BIT level: first year first semester of
Purbanchal University who have completed either Diploma level in Engineering or I.Sc. or +2 from
any institution recognized by this university. It intends to develop and strengthen in students the
basic and communicative skills in the English language with emphasis on speaking, reading and
writing. Course Objectives: This course intends to develop: – Skills needed for group discussion,
meeting conduction and technical talk. – Intensive and extensive reading skills in technical and non–
technical reading materials. – skills in writing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Coordinate Systems 3 hrs. 1. Rectangular coordinates in a plane 2. Polar coordinates 3. Rectangular
coordinates in space 4. Cylindrical polar coordinates 5. Spherical polar coordinates 6.
Transformation of one coordinates system into another system . 2. Elementary Coordinate Geometry
10 hrs. 2.1 The Conic sections 2.2 Translation of Axes 2.3 Equation of a conic in polar coordinates
3.Vectors and Solid Geometry 3.1 The concept of a vector 3.2 Addition & Subtraction of vectors 3.3
Resolution of Vectors 3.4 Scalar or Dot Product of Two Vectors 3.5 Vector or Cross Product of Two
Vectors 3.6 Equations of lines and planes 3.7 Product of three or more vectors 8. Sphere, Cylindrical
and cones 9. Quadratic Surfaces. 4. Applications of Differentiation 8 hrs 4.1 Geometrical
Applications 4.2 Related Rates 4.3 Rolle's and Mean – Value theorems 4.4 Indeterminate forms 4.5
Maxima and Minima 4.6 Taylor's and Maclaurin's series 4.7 Curvature 4.8 Asymptotes 5.
Application of the Definite Integral 5 hrs. 5.1 Area bounded by a curve 5.2 Volumes and surfaces of
solids of revolution 5.3 Length of an area of a curve 5.4 Areas and volumes in polar coordinates 6.
Functions of Several Variables 4 hrs. 6.1 Functions of several variables 6.2 Limits and continuity 6.3
Partial derivatives, First and Second Order 6.4 Geometrical Interpretation of 6.5

Nt1310 Unit 3 Internal Components
Internal components:
CPU stands for Central Processing Unit and it's the brain of the computer. CPU executes
instructions that enable the operating system and application software to run on a system. Inside the
CPU we can find three main components which are the ALU, Control Unit and memory unit. ALU
stands for Arithmetic and Logic Unit and performs calculations like addition, multiplication,
division and subtraction. It also compares results using "greater than", "less than" or "equal to".
Control Unit controls the operation of the memory unit, processor and input/output units. Memory
unit is where all data that the CPU may need to process is stored. The data is stored in the memory
in binary form.
CPU can be single core, dual core, quad core ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It's more expensive than USB 2.0 and full duplex what means that can send and receive data at once.
Nowadays there are also keyboards and mousses that can be connected via Wi–Fi. It's a wireless
technology that allows computers and other type of electronic devices to communicate through a
wireless signal. Wi–Fi is the most common way to connect computers to wireless networks.
Bluetooth also uses a wireless technology that enables communication between compatible devices.
Bluetooth uses a standard 2.4 GHz frequency what allows all Bluetooth–enabled devices to be
compatible with each other.
 As we can see in the image above mouse and keyboard are connected to the motherboard via PS/2
Port. PS/2 connector allows us to connect some keyboards and mouse to a personal computer.
 Mouse is an input and pointing device that allows the user to control the graphical user interface.
Keyboard is an input device that allows the user to input data and give commands to the operating
system by typing. Commonly, a keyboard contains all the alphabetical letters, numbers from 1 to 9
and punctuation

Ict Note
4/7/2012 Learning Objectives Chapter FOUR S y s t e m U n i t Reference: Shelly Cashman,
Discovering Computers 2011, Living In Digital World, International Thompson Publishing, Identify
and describes components of system unit. Describes the function of ALU and control unit. Describes
the machine cycle. Describes types of RAM, Ports, Connectors of computer system. The System
Unit The System Unit What is System Unit? Processor chips The hardware unit that houses a
computer's processor, memory chips, ports, and add–in boards Microprocessor– the smallest type of
processor, with all of the processing capabilities of the Control Unit and ALU located on a single
chip Processor chips Memory chips Ports ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
MEMORY 4 4/7/2012 Data Representation 1 0 1 0 Data Representation Analog Signal 1 1 1
Digital Signal 0 0 0 Analog – Human speech; it consists of continuous signals that vary in strength
and quality. Digital – an electronic signals powered by electricity which only appear in two discrete
states: ON(1) or OFF(0) Data Representation IICSA CSA IIIICSA Data Representation CIIDCBE C
DCBE CIDCBE 11110000 11110001 11110010 11110011 11110100 11110110 11000001 11000010
11000011 11000100 11000101 01011010 01111111 01111011 00110000 00110001 00110010
00110011 00110100 00110101 01000001 01000010 Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange
Code (EBCDIC) – used widely on mainframe computers. 01000011 01000100 01000101 00100001
00100010 00100011 The Memory RAM (Random Access Memory) Volatile Memory – TWO When
computer power of types is turned off, volatile memory memory losses its content VOLATILE
(RAM) Files remain in RAM when the computer is running. Most RAM is volatile. Loses its
contents when the power is off. Non Volatile Memory – NON It doesn't lose its content VOLATILE
when power (ROM) is removed from the computer. LOBMYS LOBMYS LOBMYS 0 1 2 3 4 5 A B
C D E ! " # American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) – the most widely used
coding system to represent data. Most personal computers and mid–range servers use ASCII coding
scheme. 5 4/7/2012 RAM (Random

Nt1310 Unit 4
Question 1
How computer's use will affect your decision in selecting the type of components.
To build a computer you have to consider what type of computer you are designing to choose the
right motherboard and CPU, since not every CPU goes with every motherboard.
1.1) Step by step of how to Build a server.
To build a server always consider the type and size of motherboard, storage, processor, what the
server will be used for and who going be the user.
Server is engineered to manage, store, send and process data 24h a day .It has extra capacity in
terms of some components used for a client computer and is more expensive.
1.2) Concept in how to build Office PC.
What is Office PC?
How Office PC works?
Where to use office PC?
What ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Every motherboard need a different power supply unit.
Motherboard form factor:
Name Support Size
Flex ATX Has capacity for 3 expansion slots Micro ATX Has capacity for 7 expansion slots and is
appropriate for a full–sized computer. 9.60"x
9.60
Standard ATX Has capacity for 4 expansion slots and appropriate for a small–sized computer. 12" x
9.60"
Mini ATX To be used in mobiles with lower power consumption 5.90"x 5.90"
Nano ITX Most used for digital entertainment device e.g. TV, tablet, PS3, Mobile etc. 4.70"x
4.70"
Mini ITX Has capacity for one expansion slots and is appropriate for small devices. 6.70"x
6.70"
BTX 12.80"x
10.30"
Micro BTX 10.40"X
10.50"
Processor

Processor (or Central Processor Unit, CPU) is a computer brain and has the function to fetch, decode
and execute and is located in the motherboard. By placing a CPU in a wrong place it brakes.
According to (one lesson, 2013) CPU is a mechanic components which provide electronic
connections
Function of CPU
Computer only understand 0 and 1 so everything typed on the keyboard input tab CPU convert into
0s and 1s.e.g. If you input the number 230 and 60 and want to have a result of the sum of these two
numbers computer do not understand this number. These numbers go to the RAM then to CPU.
Inside CPU electronic component known as control unit receive order from RAM in form of
instruction then it breaks down into specific commands for others components.
Arithmetic Logical Unit

Nt1110 Memory Lab Report
In computer organization and architecture, memory is the most important part of a computer. Every
computer must have its own memory. Memory represents two stable or semi–stable states that are
representing 1 and 0. It is capable of being written to at least once and read multiple times. In this
lab, we will learn briefly on two parts of memory only, which are RAM and ROM. As we know that
a memory can either be non–volatile (as seen in a read–only memory) or volatile (used in random
access memory).
There are several types of semiconductor memory, such as Random Access Memory (RAM), Read
Only Memory (ROM), Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), Erasable Programmable Read
Only Memory (EPROM), Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM)
and Flash Memory. There are many types of RAM, such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM
(DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM) and Double–Data Rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM). In
order to catch up with the increasing speed of processors, the RAM is needed to be ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
ROM is a form of semiconductor that can be written to. It was used to store the programs called
firmware that a computer executes when switched on. ROM is still used in systems with constant
functionalities. PROM is similar to ROM but allows the users to write their own programs and data.
However, it needs a special PROM writing equipment. For EPROM, we can erase the data of the
chips and rewrite with new information. It is normally used to store the boot program of a computer
(firmware), which is known as Basic I/O System (BIOS). EEPROM supports updates to individual
bytes whereas EPROM updates the whole memory. FLASH memory is a cheaper type of EEPROM
where updates can only be carried out on the blocks of memory but not on individual bytes. It is
found in USB sticks, flash cards and typically range from 1 GB to 32

Nt1310 Unit 5 Application Paper
DSP Starter Kit (DSK) package is well equipped with TMS320C6713 DSP Devel– opment Board
with 512K Flash and 16MB SDRAM along with C6713 DSK Code Composer Studio. This kit uses
USB communications which connect DSK board to a PC for plug–and–play functionality.
Furthermore, this DSK package includes a 5V universal power supply for the DSK board.
TMS320C6713 onboard the DSK is one of the digital signal processors from Texas In– strument,
which belongs to the family of C6xx floating–point processor.2This TMS320C6x processor is
widely introduced by Texas Instrument, where a low–cost system is provided to establish their real–
time digital signal processing to students as well as in university classrooms or to other industrial
sectors. The C6713 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This C6713 DSK board not only can communicate with different kinds software such as
MATLAB/Simulink or Code Composer Studio software tool but also is supported by them through
an embedded JTAG emulator with a USB host interface. Figure 1.2 represents the TMS320C6713–
based DSK board. Codec An onboard TLV320AIC23 (coder/decoder) codec is high–performance
stereo audio codec with highly integrated analog functionality which provides analog–to–digital
converters (ADCs) and digital–to–analog converters (DACs). Multibit sigma–delta technology with
integrated oversampling digital interpolation filters is used in this onboard codec. It connects
directly to a 12–MHz master clock. On the other hand, various data–transfer word length from 16
bits to 32 bits along with various sampling rates from 8 kHz to 96 kHz could be supported by this
AIC23 codec. Besides, this TI AIC23 codec has stereo–line inputs and stereo–line output which
makes this codec an ideal analog input/output (I/O) option for audio

How ECC Ram Can Check and Correct Issues
How ECC ram can check and correct issues To understand how ECC works we should first learn
about Ram in general. (which we have but since you said to make this like a research paper I am
acting like whoever is reading this doesn't know what ram is.) Ram or Random Access Memory is
made to take data from the hard drive and put it in itself so you can use it without it being
unbearably slow. RAM must be refreshed often otherwise it loses its data and we wouldn't want that
so since it must be refreshed (it refreshes itself) we call this it volatile.
Ram has changed a lot since the first computers and there are tons of types of RAM. For example
there is DRAM (Dynamic RAM Dynamic is basically another way of saying volatile) and there's
also SRAM (Static RAM.) Modern PC's use DDR3 or most do anyway and DDR means double data
rate the 3 means you basically take the normal rate of DRAM and multiple it by 2 for the double
data rate and then by 3 for the 3 in DDR3. Now that we have talked a little about RAM itself we can
get back to the original topic.
ECC RAM
ECC memory (Error–Correcting Code memory) is a type of storage for computers that can as the
name suggest check and correct for errors. This RAM is used in computers for errors can't be
accepted under any circumstances such as computers for banking, scientific purposes, or even a
computer mad for calculating pi. ECC memory maintains a system of memory that can be immune
to single bit errors. It does this by reading the

A Short Note On Linux, Windows And Freebsd
I/O Comparison between Linux, Windows and FreeBSD
Name
University
Executive Summary This study compares the I/O functionalities such as data structures, algorithms
and cryptograpy between Linux, Windows, and FreeBSD. Most importantly, the data structures used
in block and character devices for Windows and FreeBSD are also compared against those of Linux
operating system. With respect to I/O operations, this study specifically examines the different types
of devices, I/O scheduling, and so forth, and compares their implementation in Windows and
FreeBSD versus Linux.
Introduction
Generally, computer components are two–fold, namely hardware and software components. The
hardware requires an operating system (OS) to manage and coordinate its software resources as well
as provide services for computer application programs [4]. Application programs that run in a
computer require an OS. In essense, the OS acts as a central host that handles hardware operation
details [4]. All computers are run by an OS of some type. Some of the most popular OS versions in
the market are Linux, Windows and FreeBSD [1]. Linux is an open–source development and free
software whose source code can be freely used, redistributed and modified by third party OS
developers. The range of Windows Operating Systems are created by Microsoft Corporation. Unlike
Linux, Windows consists of proprietary closed sources [5]. FreeBSD is an advanced version of OS
and runs on modern desktops, servers and

Management Course: Mba−10 General Management
Management
Course: MBA−10 General Management
California College for Health Sciences MBA Program
McGraw–Hill/Irwin
abc
McGraw−Hill Primis ISBN: 0−390−58539−4 Text: Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh
Edition Cohen Harvard Business Review Finance Articles The Power of Management Capital
Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum
International Management, Sixth Edition Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh Contemporary Management,
Fourth Edition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell
Leadership, Fifth Edition Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy The Art of M & A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout
Guide, Third Edition Reed−Lajoux
and others . . .
This book was printed on recycled paper. Management
http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/
Copyright ©2005 by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What will be the effect of the rapid gyrations in markets that emphasize the difficulties that
accounting practices face in determining true performance costs and that forecasting programs
confront in establishing the economic determinants of corporate planning? In addition to these
challenges, many analytical and strategic evaluation approaches that are used in an attempt to
identify and project how well a company is performing have been overwhelmed by the frequency
and magnitude of these economic groundswells. In today's competitive climate, where the changes
outside a business exceed the productive changes within a business, a company's future viability is
clearly under enormous stress. To maintain business growth and a sustained economy, it is essential
for managers to understand and find solutions for these and other fundamental wide–ranging issues.
The bursting of the high–tech bubble both in many start–up companies and in major segments of

established firms dissipated many entrepreneurial efforts and the large sums of money that were
spent to create organizations that never earned a profit and were often hugely unsuccessful as
business entities. However, this enormous cost to some companies also created beneficial impacts
for many other companies in dealing with these fundamental wide–ranging issues. These beneficial
impacts had

A Project on Apple Inc.
[pic] |An IT Industry Project | |by | |SAARTHAK VERMA | |(WRO 0284493) | INDEX |S.No
|Subject |Page No | | |Foreword |3 | | |Apple's Mission Statement |4 | | ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
There is an ease of operation, it is free from any fear of viruses, and most importantly, it doesn't
CRASH like any PC. My Dad purchased the iMac way back in 1998. Today it continues to function
as effectively. It is rather sad that Apple computers were commercially unsuccessful. Perhaps, it was
because of Apple's unwillingness to licence its Mac OS to other hardware manufacturers. Today PCs
with Microsoft windows are manufactured by hundreds of companies. But ask for a Mac OS based
computer. Only Apple manufactures it. As said earlier, Apple has just turned the corners and is
looking ahead into the future with some great ideas. The project assignment for me couldn't have
been anything else, but Apple. –Saarthak Verma. 19th February 2009. . [pic] Introduction A pple
Inc., formerly Apple Computer, Inc., is an American multinational corporation which designs and
manufactures consumer electronics and software products. The company's best–known hardware
products include Macintosh computers, the iPod and the iPhone. Apple software includes the Mac
OS X operating system, the iTunes media browser, the iLife suite of multimedia and creativity
software, the iWork suite of productivity software, and Final Cut Studio, a suite of professional
audio– and film–industry software products. The company operates more than 250 retail stores in
nine countries and an online store where hardware and software products are sold.

Design a Repeater for Digital Rf Signal
Abstract Repeaters for digital TV broadcasting can use either analogue or digital techniques. The
purpose of using repeater is to boost signals into areas of weak coverage in any radio
communication system. However wave interference means the repeater usually requires a frequency
shift for analogue modulated signal. For digitally modulated signal it may be possible to use same
frequency. This paper investigated and designed a RF repeater which will improve the inter symbol
interference by incorporating delay between received and transmit signal. This project also reviewed
the basics of current Digital Video Broadcasting–Terrestrial (DVB–T) techniques and selected it as a
suitable choice for lab experiment. The practical side of this ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
However, this is not the only way in which television signals are transmitted. Another popular
method of transmitting signals digital video broadcasting–terrestrial (DVB–T). When broadcasters
employ this method, the digital signals do not leave the earth. The signals transmitted using DVB–T
do not travel via cable, though; rather, they go from antenna to aerial antenna, from signal blaster to
home receiver. Digital signals are routinely transmitted using terrestrial methods. The transmission
method has different names in different parts of the world. DVB–T is the name used in Europe and
Australia. North American customers receive these signals using a set of standards approved by the
Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC). In Japan, it is known as Integrated Services
Digital Broadcasting–Terrestrial (IDSB–T). DVB–T broadcasters transmit data using a compressed
digital audio–video stream, with the entire process based on the MPEG–2 standard. These
transmissions can include all kinds of digital broadcasting, including HDTV and other high–
intensity methods. This is a vast improvement over the old analog signals, which required separate
streams of transmission. Oddly enough, some DVB–T transmissions take place over analog
networks, with the antennas and receivers getting some helpful technological upgrades along the
way. (Pool, 2002) 1.2 Aim of this project The aim of this project is to

Unit 2 TASK 1 Decoding the Jargon
TASK 1: Decoding the Jargon
a. Create a booklet which explain the function of hardware components and identify communication
between components. The pages should include photographs and diagrams to illustrate the
information you include. (P1)
Components communication
The following diagram shows how components communicate each other's.
CPU
Also known as the processor, the CPU is the heart of the computer and has two part:
Control Unit
The control unit controls the flow of data through the processor.
Arithmetic/Logic unit (ALU)
The ALU performs mathematical, logical, and decision operations in a computer and is the final
processing performed by the processor.
RAM
A computer can only run a program when it is in memory ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
DOS is the basic system that people have to using Command line prompt to communicate with
computer via simple interface which is not "friendly" user interface.
The DOS can't run multitask on computer which can only load one program until it finished. But
some of the features still quite useful that people still use it. Such as:
5. CHKDSK
6. GBUPDATE
7. IPCONFIG
8. PING
9. FDISK
Comparison of two operating systems
We can see there are many different between those two computer operating system which the
Windows 8 operating system have a lots of advance features and higher performance that suit to
nowadays. The DOS system usually used to be run a specific program which prevents any virus or
hacker attack in the solo computer such as sale program, data base in the hospital or council data
base.
Features

Windows 8
DOS
Network
Yes
N/A
GUI
Yes
N/A
Multiuser
Yes
N/A
Server Administration
Yes
N/A
Command line interface
Yes
Yes
Entertain
Yes
N/A
Sound
Yes
Yes
Multitask
Yes
N/A
c. In your document explain the purpose of different software utilities which is available. Explain
how software utilities can improve the performance of computer systems (P3, D1)
Windows 8 Utility
Virus Protection
The specific program used to prevent viruses, worms and Trojans which attached in the email or
website.
Every computer need to install an anti–virus software and

Comparison of BattleField 4 on Three Gaming Systems
Within this report and analysation of three gaming system can be found; A pre–build system, self–
made system and a console system and compressing between each of the systems. This system will
be of the High–end builds as the game it shall be running up to standard will be BattleField 4 which
at the moment is the highest demanding game in both graphical power and processing power.
By choosing BattleField 4 the hardware used within the systems are of high–end range yet to run the
game not all components should be of the most expansive range. There will be a budged set for a
full system which rounds up to £1100 including all accessories such as: Gaming Headset, Mouse,
Keyboard, and Monitor.
To get a realistic over view of what it takes to run BattleField 4 on ultra–settings research has been
done in what would be optimal requirements for it.
Quad core CPU (Intel Core i5 or i7) at 3 Ghz
4GB memory (8 GB for 64–bit operating systems)
A modern DX11 graphics card with 2+ GB of video memory, GeForce 600 seriesor Radeon 7000
series
Windows 7 64–bit operating system (Windows 8 is supported as well)
30+ GB of free harddrive space
Doing some further research into what is actually needed to run BattleField 4 as smooth as possible
for as less as possible can be seen on this benchmark chart. The chart provides the performance off
different graphic cards on BattleField 4 and their results
With the conclusion being that the GeForce GTX 770 would be best for value

Artificial Intelligence in Missile Technology
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MISSILE TECHNOLOGY K.Manasa B–Tech III/IV Branch:
EEE Shadan College of Engg & Tech, Peerancheru, Hyderabad–08. konda_sowmya @yahoo.com
Abstract: The development, strength, economy and progress depends on the status of the Defence,
This paper deals with various generations of computer where the fifth generation computers use
Artificial Intelligence. A few applications of Artificial Intelligence used in various technologies have
also been discussed. The main focus of paper is on chaser missiles, which implements the missile
technology using Artificial Intelligence. The Anupama processor designed in India can be used in
chasers. This shows the development of Artificial Intelligence in Indian defence systems. The ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Turing test is a one–sided test. A machine that passes this test should certainly be considered as
intelligent, irrespective of having knowledge about human. There are many adversaries about this
fact, that an excellent discussion on the Turing test is not supportive, with restrictions on the
observer's knowledge of AI and the subject matter of questioning. It turns out that some people are
easily misinterpreted that, a rather dumb program is intelligent. When we set out to design an AI
program, we should attempt to specify as well as possible the criteria for success for that particular
program functioning in its restricted domain. 4.1 Hardware for AI: In order to use AI in any system a
few hardware specifications are required. The minimum requirements include a computing system
containing an IC built processor, a control unit, memory devices, and a converter for external
interfaces, floating–point unit, input–output ports and timers. These components work relatively
with the computing system as per the AI oriented software. 4.2 Software for AI Software is the
intelligence that runs the hardware in a computer. Basically AI is in form of information fed to the
processor through a programming language. The parameters acts as input that results into desired
output. A fifth generation language use AI to create software based on our description of what the
software should do. 5.

Investigation Of Nosql Database Management
INVESTIGATION OF NOSQL DATABASE MANAGEMENT
ZAHRAA MUSTAFAABDULRAHMAN AL–ANI
JUNE 2015
A THESIS SUBMITTED TO
THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED
SCIENCES OF
ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY
BY
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
THE DEPARTMENT OF
MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCEINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM
JUNE 2015
ABSTRACT
AL–ANI, Zahraa Mustafa Abdulrahman
M.Sc., Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Information Technology Program
Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Abdül Kadir GÖRÜR
June 2015, 55 Pages
In ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
With the appearance of Big Data, there was clearly a need for more flexible databases. In this paper,

we will review one of the graph database (Neo4j), and compared it with one of the traditional
relational databases (MySQL) based on the features like ACID, replication, and the language that is
used for both of them. MySQL is being another name for Relational Databases and it has been used
for a long time period until now. And Neo4j which is a graph database and it is a part of the
emerging technology that is called NoSQL is now trying to prove that there is a need for NoSQL
usage.
Keywords: RDBMS, NoSQL, Relational Databases, MySQL, Neo4j, ACID.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS.........................................................................
LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................
CHAPTERS:
1. INTRODUCTION.........................................................................1
1.1 Motivation .............................................................................3
1.2 Aim Of The Study.....................................................................3
1.3 Scope Of The Study.................................................................... 3
1.4 Thesis question ........................................................................3
2. LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................ 4
2.1 Data.......................................................................................4
2.2 Database..................................................................................4
2.3 Relational Database Management System.........................................................4
2.4 Structure Query Language (SQL).....................................................6
2.4.1 Normalization ..................................................................8
2.5 NoSQL System..........................................................................9
2.6

Toyota Supply Chain
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT A STRATEGIC APPROACH TO THE PRINCIPLES OF
TOYOTA'S RENOWNED SYSTEM ANANTH V. IYER SRIDHAR SESHADRI ROY VASHER
New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan
Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2009 by Ananth V. Iyer, Sridhar Seshadri, and Roy
Vasher. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no
part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a
database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978–0–
07–162340–7 MHID: 0–07–162340–X The material in this eBook also appears in the print version
of this title: ISBN: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Lee Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter 1. Toyota Learning Principles and the v4L Framework
Chapter 2. Comprehensive Overview of Supply Chain Chapter 3. Mix Planning Chapter 4. Sales and
Operations Planning Chapter 5. Production Scheduling and Operations Chapter 6. Parts Ordering
Chapter 7. Managing Suppliers Chapter 8. Logistics Chapter 9. Dealer and Demand Fulfillment
Chapter 10. Crisis Management Chapter 11. The Toyota Way of Managing Supply Chains Chapter
12. How to Apply Toyota Way Principles to Nonautomotive Supply Chains Chapter 13. The Beer
Game and the Toyota Supply Chain Chapter 14. Reflections of Supply Chain Participants Chapter
15. Reflections vii ix xi 1 5 25 37 55 73 85 103 121 133 147 173 185 201 215 219 221 v Appendix
Index This page intentionally left blank Foreword F or decades, Toyota's success in the
marketplace has been admired by business practitioners and executives alike. The automaker is the
envy of others within the automobile industry, but the company is also considered to be the symbol
of excellence in business in general. The firm has been the focus of research in academia. The power
of Toyota has been attributed to its two distinct core values:

Thyristor Ram
THYRISTOR RAM
Muktesh Waghmare, Raman Gaikwad
1: Principle:
Thyristor is well–known for its high–current drive capability and its bi–stable characteristics. It has
been widely used in power electronics applications. With the exponential advances in CMOS
technology tiny thyristor devices can now be easily embedded into conventional nano–scale CMOS.
This enables the creation of a memory cell technology with features that include small cell size, high
performance, reliable device operation, and good scalability. Use of thyristor provides a positive
regenerative feedback that results in very large bit cell operation margins. The difference is that the
four–transistor CMOS latch of a 6T–SRAM is replaced by the PNP–NPN bipolar latch of a ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Indium is known to have an acceptor level which is 156 meV above the top of the valence band of
silicon. As a result, the fraction of ionized indium atoms increases with temperature, resulting in
reduced gain. Such a thyristor (TCCT) that has good thermal stability, large switching speed and a
small fabrication size is used to create memory cells. Two possible thyristor cell structures for
memory devices are as follows:
3.1: Thyristor based S–RAM: T–RAM consists of a thin vertical thyristor with a surrounding MOS
gate as the bi stable element and a planar NMOSFET as the access transistor. A novel gate–assisted
switching mechanism is used in T–RAM which enables the thyristor to switch at a high speed and a
low voltage level. [5]
: Write operation:
Both WL1 and WL2 are high. The first word–line will control the access gate while the second
word–line will control the thyristor gate. When writing a "high", the bit–line BL is set at low, and
both word–lines WL1, WL2 are switched on. At this moment, the thyristor behaves like a forward
biased PN diode. After a write operation, both gates are shut off, and a "high" state is stored in the
thyristor.
When writing a "low", the bit–line BL is set at "high" state, and both word–lines WL1, WL2 are
switched on. At this moment, the thyristor behaves like a reverse biased diode. After the write
operation, both gates are shut off, and a "low" state is stored in the thyristor
Read

Report On Cellular Systems And Computer Science
Report on Cellular Technology
Submitted by,
Ganesh Babu kavuri
Under the guidance,
Bijan Karimi Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Tailgate School of
Engineering University of New Haven
Serial# Topics
1. Objective
2. Cellular Concepts and basics
3. Cellular system Architecture
4. Multiple Access schemes for cellular system
5. Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)
6. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)
7. Single Carrier– Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC–FDMA)
8. Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
9. TDMA Frame
10. TDMA Evolution
11. Global System for Mobile (GSM)
12. GSM Network Architecture
13. Interim Standard–136
14. Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
15. TDD FDD Duplex Schemes
16. Cellular handoff
17. Summary
18. References
OBJECTIVE
Cellular systems are widely used today and cellular technology needs to offer very efficient use of
the available frequency spectrum. With billions of mobile phones in use around the globe today.
Cellular refers to a network technology that facilitates mobile device communication over areas
comprised of cells and transceivers, which are also known as base stations or cell sites. In a cellular
network, the most widely used mobile transceivers are mobile phones, or cell phones.

Managing Virtual Teams
Human Resource Management Review 15 (2005) 69 – 95 www.socscinet.com/bam/humres
Managing virtual teams: A review of current empirical research
Guido Hertela,T, Susanne Geisterb, Udo Konradtb a Department of Psychology, Work, Industrial &
Organizational Psychology, University of Wuerzburg,
Roentgenring 10, 97 070 Wuerzburg, Germany b University of Kiel, Germany
Abstract
This review summarizes empirical research on the management of virtual teams, i.e., distributed
work teams whose members predominantly communicate and coordinate their work via electronic
media (e–mail, telephone, video–conference, etc.). Instead of considering virtual teams as
qualitatively distinct from conventional teams, the degree of bvirtualityQ of teams is ... Show more
In contrast to virtual teams, virtual communities are not implemented within an organizational
structure but are usually initiated by some of their members. Examples of virtual communities are
Open Source software projects (Hertel, Niedner, & Herrmann, 2003; Moon &
Sproull, 2002) or scientific collaboratories (Finholt, 2002). For reasons of feasibility, the current
review is restricted to virtual teams.
Apart from these more general differentiations, the more specific definition of virtual teams is still
controversial (Bell & Kozlowski, 2002; Duarte & Snyder, 1999; Griffith & Neale, 2001; Haywood,
1998; Lipnack & Stamps, 1997; Maznevski & Chudoba, 2000). As a minimal consensus, virtual
teams consist of (a) two or more persons who (b) collaborate interactively to achieve common goals,
while (c) at least one of the team members works at a different location, organization, or at a
different time so that
(d) communication and coordination is predominantly based on electronic communication media
(email, fax, phone, video conference, etc.). It is important to note that the latter two aspects in this
definition are considered as dimensions rather than as dichotomized criteria that distinguish virtual
teams from conventional bface–to–faceQ teams. While extreme cases of virtual teams can be
imagined in which all members are working at different locations and communicate only via
electronic media, most

Infomration Systems Chapter 3 Review Questions 1-18 (Page...
Chapter 3 Review Questions 1–18 (page 130)
1. When determining the appropriate hardware components of a new information system, what role
must the user of the system play?
When determining the appropriate hardware components of a new information system, the user of
the system must assemble an effective and efficient system. The user should select and organize
components while understanding the trade–offs between overall system performance and cost,
control, and complexity. The user involved in selecting their organization's computer hardware must
clearly understand current and future business requirements so they can make informed acquisition
decisions.
2. What is the role of the chip set? How is it related to the CPU?
The chip set ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
6. What advantages do fuel cells offer batteries for use in portable electronic devices? Do they have
any disadvantages?
Fuel Cells generate electricity by consuming fuel (often methanol), while traditional batteries store
electricity and release it through a chemical reaction. A spent fuel cell is replenished in moments by
simply refilling its reservoir or by replacing the spent fuel cartridge with a fresh one.
Benefits of Fuel Cell:
 Because there is no combustion in a fuel cell, fuel is converted to electricity more efficiently than
any other electrical generating technology available today.
 There are no moving parts in a fuel cell stack, making them more reliable and quieter than
generators. Even the ancillary systems (fans, pumps, controls, etcetera) in a complete fuel cell unit
are relatively mature and simple technologies that should prove extremely reliable.
 Unlike batteries that must be disposed of once their chemicals are used up, fuel cell reactions do
not degrade over time and can theoretically provide continuous electricity.
 Traditional power plants must be large in order to gain efficiency, but fuel cells can achieve
higher efficiencies at any scale, making them perfect for small portable, residential, and
transportation uses.
 Because fuel cells are clean and efficient at any size, they can be located almost anywhere,
including dense urban areas where both air quality and

Computer Memory Hacking Essay
Computer Memory Hacking
NAME
Professor
CIS 106
November 20, 2014
Technology continues to evolve exponentially. However these technological advancements continue
to pose a threat to both individuals and information resources of companies and governments. There
is therefore the need to protect one's data and information due to the emerging threats and risks.
Hacking is where third parties create a backdoor version of a hardware and software so as to
manipulate or unlock hidden functionalities on a machine. Most of these hacks are open source and
free soft wares. These hacks manipulate the firmware update option on many devices to run and
install themselves. Many researchers have found out that breaking into ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
However this has made us vulnerable to hacking and loss of data. Max Butler was prosecuted in
2000 for hacking into government systems using the Denial of Service (DNS) tool. He was
'supposedly' a hacker working for the FBI as an informant. He broke into thousands of government
computers. At first it seemed as if he was simply being helpful by patching the vulnerability that
granted him access, effectively disallowing other hackers in. Thus, he created a backdoor so that
only he could return. Other commonly used tools are Trojan horses, worms and viruses. In 2002
David L. Smith, was found guilty of knowingly spreading a computer virus with the intent of
causing damage. His virus, known as Melissa, infected users through emails and infected the
computer's Microsoft Outlook to send the same infectious email to the first 50 contacts. The Melissa
virus spread quickly and caused over $80 million in damages and is up to date regarded as the most
costly computer outbreak. Due to the severe damage hacking can cause, its best to be aware and
have in place various measures to avert attacks. Some of these practices are listed as follows. 1)
Vulnerability analysis: which can be done through policy identification, network analysis and host
analysis 2) Use of Analysis tools such as knoppix STD and Microsoft base security analyzer to
establish possible vulnerabilities and

Best Gaming Computer
Title: Best Gaming Computer
The majority of households in America are gamers who love to play interactive games on desktops
or laptops. "Specialized gaming PCs, computer optimized for running modern video games, fill a
niche in the marketplace, leading to a continually growing segment of the personal–computer
market," (Doctor, Q., & Dulaney, E.,2012). There are three different gamers which are: casual
gamers; core gamer who are interested in many variety of games, and then there are the hard core
gamers. Hard core gamers buy the most recent consoles and purchase high–end Personal
Computers. Gamers have many demands on a gaming computer such as; 3D gaming graphics,
components, audio/video ports, the Central Processing Unit (CPU), Random Access ... Show more
For a person who is not knowledgeable this desktop can be an easy setup. Explains one reviewer,
"setup was very quick and easy to do, I think most people should be able to handle the setup of this
computer, even if you are not very computer literate (Dell). When buying a desktop for a gamer
many things must be taken in consideration: the price for a high–end desktop, RAM, cooling
processor for long hours of playing, type of hard drive, CPU enhancements, video graphics, and
most of the type of game is being played. To play high–end graphics game there are always the
options to swap or upgrade the desktop for the required

An Industry Analysis of Samsung Essay example
Question 1) How attractive is Samsung's primary (core) industry? Conduct an industry analysis.
Five Forces Model: 1. Barriers to Entry
Because of the extremely intricate and sophisticated nature of manufacturing semiconductors, a
competitor should expect high initial capital requirements to build facilities needed for production.
Cost to build a new semiconductor fab has gone up from $200 million in 1985 to $3 Billion in 2004.
Incumbent companies have capabilities to design newer generations of semiconductors with greater
amounts of memory and processing abilities that make older generations obsolete. Older generations
tend to drop half their amount in price one year after a new model is reduced (exhibit 6). The United
States ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The business level strategy of Samsung's memory chip business unit is an integrated strategy.
Remarkably, they have both a cost advantage and a value advantage over their competitors. In this
section we will describe how Samsung "widens the wedge" through cost and value drivers. The data
presented in Appendix 1 shows that Samsung's cost advantage accounts for majority of their
competitive advantage.
Value drivers: quality/reliability; large product mix including frontier products; customization; HR
Policies; and employees.
Cost drivers: economies of scale; learning and experience curve; product design; and single
production Site.
Learning and experience Curve: Between 1983 and 1985, Samsung allocated more than $100
million in into DRAM technology, even paying another firm to teach them how to produce 64k
DRAMs. As the market grew, firms tried to catch up to where Samsung already had a foothold. To
further make advancements efficiently, Samsung has had separate R&D groups compete within
their company to come up with the same solution.
Product Design: The chairman chose a stacking design that proved be advantageous over companies
that chose a trenching design. A core design was also used for their customized products.
Economies of scale: Samsung invested $1 billion dollars to create a production process that made a
12 inch wafer. A larger wafer meant more chips could be cut at the same time. See A2
Single production Site: It is estimated that this saved

Investigation Mysql Database And Neo4j Database
INVESTIGATION IN MYSQL DATABASE AND NEO4J DATABASE
JUNE 2015 INVESTIGATION IN MYSQL DATABASE AND NEO4J DATABASE
SCIENCES OF
ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY
BY
DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
THE DEPARTMENT OF
JUNE 2015 Title of the Thesis: Investigation In MySQL Database And Neo4j Database
Submitted by Zahraa Al–ani
Approval of the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çankaya University.
Prof. Dr. Taner ALTUNOK ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all
material and results that are not original to this work.
Name, Last Name : Zahraa Al–ani
Signature :
Date : 18.06.2015

ABSTRACT
INVESTIGATION IN MYSQL DATABASE AND NEO4J DATABASE
June 2015, 55 Pages
Currently, there are two major of database management systems which are used to deal with data,
the first one called Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) which is the traditional
relational databases, it deals with structured data and have been popular since decades from 1970,
while the second one called Not only Structure Query Language databases (NoSQL), they have been
dealing with semi–structured and unstructured data; the NoSQL term was introduced for the first
time in 1998 by Carlo Strozzi and Eric Evans reintroduced the term NoSQL in early 2009, and now
the NoSQL types are gaining their popularity with the development of the internet and the social
media. NoSQL are intending to override the cons of RDBMS, such as fixed schemas, JOIN
operations and handling the scalability problems. With the appearance of Big Data,

Vlsi Based Accident Information and Car Security System
Abstract:
VLSI based Accident information and car security system deals with the concern of saving the
victim , who get trapped in accident and also about the car security. Accident of the car is detected
using pressor sensors which are fixed in car. Accident information to the nearest hospital is carried
out with the help of RF communication. The location of the car is found using the GPS technique.
The security of car is ensured by using password. The theft information is sent to the owner's mobile
using GSM module. The ultimate design of the project is in VLSI. FPGA is used to interface these
modules.
Keywords: Very Large Scale Integration, Global Positioning System, Global System for Mobile
Communication.
I.INTRODUCTION:
The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By comparing the codes, the time difference between the satellite generated the code and the
receiver generated the code can be determined. This interval is the travel time of the code.
Multiplying this travel time, in seconds, by 186,000 miles per second gives the distance from the
receiver position to the satellite in miles.
D. Increased accuracy by using differential gps: A technique called differential correction is
necessary to get accuracies within 1 –5 meters, or even better, with advanced equipment.
Differential correction requires a second GPS receiver, which is a base station, collecting data at a
stationary position at a precisely known point (typically it is a surveyed benchmark). Because the
physical location of the base station is known, the correction factor can be computed by comparing
the known location with the GPS location determined by using the satellites.The differential
correction process takes this correction factor and applies it to the GPS data collected by a GPS
receiver in the field. Differential correction eliminates most of the errors listed in the GPS Error
Budget discussed earlier.
III.GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS The Global System for Mobile
Communications (GSM) is the most popular standard for mobile phones in the world. GSM service
is used by over 2 billion people across more than 212 countries and

New Computer System
MEMORANDUM
DATE: November 10, 2003
TO: Mr. Bauer, Acme Industries Manager
FROM:
SUBJECT: New Computer System Proposal
Issue:
In light of rapid technological advances on the computer systems as well as our competitors trying
to gain an edge in the business world, should we replace the CPU ("Central Processing Unit") 486
computer system with the one that is already in line with the most sophisticated computers being
used by businesses nowadays?
Background and Analysis:
Currently, the only computer we have is the CPU 486 computer system that primarily runs on DOS
("Disk Operating System"). It does not have an e–mail system or have access to the internet service.
It does however have a word processor, which we ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Following is the product information that we may be purchasing:
GATEWAY® Desktop 310XL DELL™ Desktop Dimension® 4600
Technical Specifications
Operating System
Microsoft® Windows® XP Home Edition
Processor
Intel® Pentium® 4 Processor 2.6GHz
Memory
256MB DDR SDRAM

Storage5
40GB Ultra ATA100 5400rpm hard drive
Media Drives
16x/48x DVD–ROM drive and 48x/24x/48x CD–RW
Graphics & Monitor
17" Color Monitor (15.9" viewable area)
Integrated Intel® Extreme Graphics with up to 64MB dynamic video memory
Audio & Speakers
Integrated Enhanced Audio
2–piece speaker solution
Modem
56K PCI data/fax modem4
Networking
Integrated Intel® 10/100 Ethernet Adapter
Keyboard & Mouse
104+ Keyboard
Logitech PS/2 Wheel Mouse (no mouse pad included)
Internet Service Provider
Six months America Online® Internet access
(additional phone charges may apply)
Extended Service Plan
Value Service Plan–90 day Part/Labor/No Onsite/Technical Support1 Software Included
Application Software
Microsoft® Works 7.0
AntiVirus Software
Norton AntiVirus 90 day Introductory Offer6 Additional Technical Specifications
Chipset
Intel® 845GV System Chipset
Intel® 82845GV Graphics and Memory Controller Hub GMCH
Intel® 82801DB I/O Controller Hub (ICH4)
3 Mbit Firmware Hub (FWH)
Intel/ AMI BIOS (resident in the 3 Mbit FWH)
Support for Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI), Plug and

Investigation Of Mysql Database And Neo4j Database
INVESTIGATION OF MYSQL DATABASE AND NEO4J DATABASE
JUNE 2015 INVESTIGATION OF MYSQL DATABASE AND NEO4J DATABASE
SCIENCES OF
ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY
BY
DEGREE OF
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
THE DEPARTMENT OF
JUNE 2015 Title of the Thesis: Investigation Of MySQL Database And Neo4j Database
Submitted by Zahraa Al–ani
Approval of the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çankaya University.
Prof. Dr. Taner ALTUNOK ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all
material and results that are not original to this work.
Name, Last Name : Zahraa Al–ani
Signature :
Date : 18.06.2015

ABSTRACT
INVESTIGATION OF MYSQL DATABASE AND NEO4J DATABASE
June 2015, 55 Pages
Currently, there are two major of database management systems which are used to deal with data,
the first one called Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) which is the traditional
relational databases, it deals with structured data and have been popular since decades from 1970,
while the second one called Not only Structure Query Language databases (NoSQL), they have been
dealing with semi–structured and unstructured data; the NoSQL term was introduced for the first
time in 1998 by Carlo Strozzi and Eric Evans reintroduced the term NoSQL in early 2009, and now
the NoSQL types are gaining their popularity with the development of the internet and the social
media. NoSQL are intending to override the cons of RDBMS, such as fixed schemas, JOIN
operations and handling the scalability problems. With the appearance of Big Data,

CMOS Essay / 1
CMOS The CMOS (complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor) is the word which is normally
used to describe the small amounts of the memory which is on the computers motherboard and it
stores the BIOS settings. Also some of the BIOS settings include the systems time and date as well
as hardware settings.
Back Panel Port Used for/ Description Image
PS/2 The PS/2 port is a 6–pin mini–DIN connector that is used for connecting some keyboards and
mice to the computer system.
USB A USB (universal serial bus) is a mini storage device that is portable and you can store your
data on it and use it when it is connected to a computer/laptop.
Ethernet An Ethernet is a wire that connects numbers of computers to a network area and it avoids ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also the DDR uses the falling and the rising edges of the clock signal.
Hard Drive A hard drive is a data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve data
when connected.
PATA/IDE/Master/ PATA (parallel advanced technology attachment) is a standard interface for the
connection of storage devices.
SATA Hard Drive SATA (serial advanced technology attachment) is an interface that is used to
connect ATA hard drives to the motherboard of the computer. Also they use small and thin cables,
which means there is better airflow in the computer.
CD–ROM (capacity) CD–ROM (compact disc–read only memory) is an optical disc that contains
audio or software data and they are read only. A CD–ROM usually stores 650MB of data.
DVD–ROM (capacity) DVD–ROM (digital versatile disc–read only memory) is read only and they
are mostly used for storing large amounts of software applications.
Blu–Ray (capacity) A Blu–ray is an optical disc that is designed to display HD videos and store
large amounts of data.
Graphics Card A graphics card is a card that connects to the motherboard of a computer system and
it outputs images. A graphics card is also known as a video card.
VGA VGA (video graphics array) is a cable that is used to connect an analog PC monitor to a
PC/laptop.
DVI A DVI (digital visual interface) is a cable that is used to connect a video source. For example
computer monitor or a video display controller to a display device.
HDMI HDMI (high

Distributed System Problem Solution Andrew Taneebaum &...
DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS PRINCIPLES AND PARADIGMS PROBLEM SOLUTIONS
ANDREW S. TANENBAUM MAARTEN VAN STEEN Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The
Netherlands PRENTICE HALL UPPER SADDLE RIVER, NJ 07458 SOLUTIONS TO
CHAPTER 1 PROBLEMS 1. Q: What is the role of middleware in a distributed system? A: To
enhance the distribution transparency that is missing in network operating systems. In other words,
middleware aims at improving the single–system view that a distributed system should have. 2. Q:
Explain what is meant by (distribution) transparency, and give examples of different types of
transparency. A: Distribution transparency is the phenomenon by which distribution aspects in a
system are hidden from users and applications. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If the microkernel has networking capabilities, there is also no principal objection in placing those
servers on remote machines (which run the same microkernel). 13. Q: Explain the principal
operation of a page–based distributed shared memory system. A: Page–based DSM makes use of the
virtual memory capabilities of an operating system. Whenever an application addresses a memory
location that is currently not mapped into the current physical memory, a page fault occurs, giving
the operating system control. The operating system can then locate the referred page, transfer its
content over the network, and map it to physical memory. At that point, the application can continue.
PROBLEM SOLUTIONS FOR CHAPTER 1 3 14. Q: What is the reason for developing
distributed shared memory systems? What do you see as the main problem hindering efﬁcient
implementations? A: The main reason is that writing parallel and distributed programs based on
message–passing primitives is much harder than being able to use shared memory for
communication. Efﬁciency of DSM systems is hindered by the fact, no matter what you do, page
transfers across the network need to take place. If pages are shared by different processors, it is quite
easy to get into a state similar to thrashing in virtual memory systems. In the end, DSM systems can
never be faster than message–passing solutions, and will generally be

Advantage And Disadvantage Of Decoder
ABSTRACT This paper focus on designing of efficient encoder and decoder blocks which are
aimed to reduce the power consumption in Network on Chip. The power consumption in NOC is
caused by the links, routers and network interfaces. This is caused because as the number of cores in
NOC increases the gap between the links decreases the coupling capacitance value increases due to
which the power consumption increases. The proposed scheme does not require any modifications
in router and link architecture and there is no network performance degradation. The encoder is
designed in such a way to calculate the power consumption and based on power value the input data
is encoded before transmission. The process of encoding can be done before transmitting the data
from one processing element to the other processing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Size. The Integrated circuits consisting of both transistors and wires are shrunk to micrometer sizes,
compared to the millimeter or centimeter sizes of discrete components. Smaller size components
lead to smaller parasitic resistance, capacitance which in deed reduces the power consumption and
improves the speed. Speed. Signals switching between logic 0 and logic 1 is much quicker within a
chip than compared between chips. Communication within a chip is hundreds of times faster than
the communication between chips on a printed circuit board. Generally the high speed of circuit's
on–chip is due to their small size–smaller components and wires have smaller parasitic capacitances
to slow down the signal. Power consumption. The power consumption in Integrated circuits can be
done mainly due to switching activity (logic 0 to logic1) which increases the capacitances value.
The integrated circuit having less power consumption is preferable and provides huge life time.
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT

Technology Scaling And Research Of Flash Memory And Dram
Technology Scaling and Research in Flash memory and DRAM Neil Patrick Crasto
CWID: 802993881
E–mail: neil.crasto@csu.fullerton.edu
Vaibhavi Patrick D'Mello
CWID: 893376210
E–mail: vaibhavidmello@csu.fullerton.edu
Abstract–As Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) and Flash Nonvolatile Memory (NVM)
innovations are entering their fourth decade of proceeding with development and advance;
challenges in scaling these separate gadgets have surfaced both in handling and scaling. Although
research has overcome the patterning issues, there are cost and electrical limitations faced by both
DRAM and NAND. In this paper, we have studied the Feasibility of Embedded DRAM Cells,
Embedded DRAM Technology for High–Performance DRAM and NAND flash memory and
Challenges and Opportunities that are faced for Research in Emerging Memory Devices.
Keywords–Flash evolution, Flash memory, embedded DRAM, NAND flash memory,nonvolatile
memory, NOR cell,DRAM system, power, performance, scaling, Bandwidth, bit error rate, cache,
data retention, eDRAM.
I. INTRODUCTION
Flash memory is an electronic non–volatile computer storage medium that can be electrically erased
and reprogrammed in blocks instead of 1 byte at a time. Flash memory works like both RAM and
ROM (Whatis TechTarget) where you can write information like you can write with RAM, but that
information isn 't erased when the power is off, like it is with ROM (Dummies). It was developed
from EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable

Online Banking
Internet Banking Table of Contents Chapter–1– Introduction 0 Chapter–2– Internet Banking a new
medium 7 Chapter––3 – International experience 19 Chapter –4 –The Indian Scenario 33 Chapter–
5– Types of risks associated with Internet banking 41 Chapter– 6– Technology And Security
Standards For Internet – Banking 49 Chapter –7 – Legal Issues involved in Internet Banking 74
Chapter– 8– Regulatory and supervisory concerns 84 Chapter–9 – Recommendations 98 Annexure 1
111 Annexure 2 112 Annexure 3 113 Annexure 4 115 Chapter–1– Introduction 1.1 Background 1.1.1
Banks have traditionally been in the forefront of harnessing technology to improve their products,
services and efficiency. They have, over a long time, been ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
A new form of competition has emerged both from the existing players and new players of the
market who are not strictly banks. 1.1.4 The Regulatory and Supervisory concerns in i–banking arise
mainly out of the distinctive features outlined above. These concerns can be broadly addressed
under three broad categories, viz, (i) Legal and regulatory issues, (ii) Security issues and (iii)
Supervisory and operational issues. Legal issues cover issues relating to the jurisdiction of law,
validity of electronic contract including the question of repudiation, legal / regulatory environment
and gaps between the existing and electronic trade etc. On the question of jurisdiction the issue is
whether to apply the law of the area where access to Internet has been made or where the transaction
has finally taken place. Allied too is the issue where the income has been generated and who should
tax such income. There are still no definite answers to these issues. 1.1.5 Security of i–banking
transactions is one of the most important areas of concerns to the regulators. Security Issues include
questions of adopting internationally accepted state–of–the art minimum technology standards for
access control, encryption, firewalls, certification of digital signature, Public/Private Key
Infrastructure (PKI) infrastructure etc. The regulator is equally concerned

Triple DES Model

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