This document summarizes a student's master's thesis on using blockchain technology to improve cyber security for smart metering systems transactions. The thesis addresses motivation for securing smart metering systems, describing smart cities/grids and AMI architecture. It reviews related works applying blockchain for grid monitoring security and databases. The student proposes a private/public permissioned blockchain architecture called AMI-BC using a hybrid proof-of-efficiency consensus algorithm across cloud, fog and IoT tiers. It would secure smart meter readings and detect energy fraud/anomalies using machine learning models to predict consumption and power quality.
Cyber Security on Transactions in Smart Metering Systems usign Blockchain
1. Cyber Security on Transactions in
Smart Metering Systems using
Blockchain
Student: M.C. Juan Carlos Olivares Rojas
Advisors: Dr. Enrique Reyes Archundia,
Dr. José Antonio Gutiérrez Gnecchi
October 2019
11. Literature Review
Work Features BC Type Algoritmo
Consenso
Processing Smart
Contr
act
Chain Type Others
Priwatt Comercialization Private
permisioned
Proof-of-
concept*
Cloud S Simple Multi-Signatures
Helios Comercialization Private
permisioned
PoS Cloud S Simple
BC IoT Security Smart
Home
Private/Public PoW Cloud N Double External Storage
Server
Grid
Monitoring
Security SG Private
permisioned
PoW* Cloud N Simple Different data
structures on BC
Phantom Criptocurrencies
BC General
Public/Privated Double: Proof-of-
reputation and
Proof-of-
computingWork
Cloud N Multi-tier BlockDAG
Fluree Databases BC Public* PoW* Cloud N Simple Databases on BC
Blok4Forensi
c
Forensic Audit Private
permisioned and
permisionless
PoS Cloud N Simple Data
Fragmentation on
BC
Arq. Dist. BC
Cloud
Distributed
Computing
Architecture
Public
permisioned and
permisionless
PoW* Cloud/Fog N Double SDN
Consortium Malware
Detection
Private/Public Hybrid:
PoW/PoS
Cloud Partial Double Legal Prose
Proposal:
AMI-BC
Security on SMS
Transactions
Private
permisioned
and
permisionless
Hybrid per each
tier
Proof-of-
Efficiency
Cloud/Fog/ IoT
(medidores y
dispositivos)
Partia
l
(Pros
a)
Multi-tier External BC
Interconection
Data Frag. on
BC
Sample Advanced Metering Infrastructrue network model
Attacks:
Tampering DB (Man-in-the-middle, Replay Attacks, False Injection of Packets, DoS): stored, processed and sent.
Not Data Tampering with Physical Attacks*
Contribuir a mejorar la Security de las transacciones en los Sistemas de Medición Inteligente utilizando un mecanismo de cadenas de bloques que permitan garantizar la integridad, confidencialidad y disponibilidad de la información para garantizar la confianza entre los usuarios y la empresa eléctrica.
El proyecto involucra analizar diversos esquemas de Cyber Security en las comunicaciones de Sistemas de Medición Inteligentes, que aporte mecanismos de protección de la información en los instrumentos de medición inteligentes (Smart Meters) que puedan ser implementados en nuevos dispositivos o adaptados a dispositivos ya existentes.
Criptografía
IDS
Intercambio de claves
Cadena de Bloques*
Solutions:
Cryptographic
Authentications/PKI
IDS
Blockchain (currency, trading energy, supplychain, ID)
Why our proposal is a good solution?
Not implementations (Related Works). Perhaps novel BC solutions are appearing.
Blockchains mechanish is a better solutions for Data Base Tampering than others solutions such as: PKI, Single Cryptograpy, IDS
Muchos Works enfocados en Comercialization de Energía
Algoritmos de cifrados y firmas digitales
Estructura de la cadena
Energy Trading
Proof-of-Stake
Perfect Bizantine Tolerance Failure
Algoritmo de consenso. Arquitectura Multi-tier. Implementacion BC en IoT
Se cuenta con un modelo de cómputo en niveles (cloud, fog y edge compuntig)
Integración de Cadenas
Algoritmo de Consenso
Prueba de Eficiencia (proof-of-efficiency)
Se premia (descuento monetario) a los nodos que han tenido mejor consumo energético en base a rendimiento previo (analítica de datos de la cadena)
También se premia a los productores en base a la calidad de la energía proporcionada.