The document summarizes Ernest Hemingway's novel The Old Man and the Sea. It discusses the story of the fisherman Santiago and his 84-day struggle without catching a fish. Though he returns empty-handed, the theme is his struggle against defeat and emergence as a hero, as the line "man can be destroyed but not defeated" illustrates. Symbols like lions represent Santiago's memory of youth and struggle. The relationship between man and nature is also explored, with the sea, birds, and sharks taking on personal meanings in Santiago's battle. Suffering is a necessary part of his fight with the fish but his willpower allows him to control the physical pain. Overall, the story is an allegory where Santiago represents every

2. • Ernest Hemingway
• His idea about spirit
of old man

3. Santiago
• Journey of eighty four days
• Fisherman returned empty handed
• “man can be destroyed but not defeated"

4. Themes
• Struggle
• One of the continuous struggle against defeat
• He emerges as a hero
• Defeat is a psychological submission

7. symbolism
• Lions
• The old man no longer
dream about people
• And namely the lions.
• His memory of youth and
his struggle proving
• That he is still there.

11. Man and the natural world
• Man’s place within a nature
• He talks about the sea as a
woman
• The birds as a friend
• And sharks as a personal
enemies.
• The eternal law; the must kill
or be killed.
• His inevitable struggle that
will leads to its death.

12. suffering
• Physical pain is Santiago's
defying characteristic
• Suffering is a necessary step
in his battle with the fish
• Commands and respect
• This is a pain it seems that
can be controlled by sheer
willpower

15. Allegory
• In literature any work have two
meaning
• Surface meaning And deeper
meaning
• Santiago is everyman any human
being and every man’s story tunes
out to be about man’s struggle with
lifes difficulties and with suffering.

17. Thank you
completed By
Jayshree Kunchala
Dept. of English
M.K.Bhavnagar
University
Gujarat India
jayshreekunchala@gm
ail.com