Project Sample PPT

1. SREE DATTHA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & SCIENCE
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering
AN EFFICIENT SCHEME FOR DATA COMPRESSION
OF ELECTRO CARDIAC SIGNAL USING DIVIDE AND
CONQUER ALGORITHM
Under the Guidance of
Dr. B. Bharathi, Assist. Professor
Submitted by
S Nitish Kumar 16E41A0444
M Srilatha 16E41A0443
K Harshitha 16E41A0414
K Sandeep 16E41A0435
1

2. List of Contents
 Introduction
 Existing System
 Problem Statement
 Proposed System
 Results
 Hardware and Software
 Advantages
 Applications
 Conclusion and Future Scope
 References 2

3. Introduction
 Electrocardiogram(ECG) is a standard test that checks how the heart is
working by measuring the electrical action of the heart.
 Individuals with heart related issues have the long record of ECGs for
symptomatic purposes, which brings out the necessity of a lot of storage
space.
 But storing, transmitting and allocating this Meta data is very expensive.
 To resolve this issue, an efficient compression technique has been
implemented in such a way that can retain all the salient features which
have been required clinically.
3

4. Existing System
 The Decomposition of input signal using wavelet transform,
which shows how the analysis of transformation will be
applied to get the frequency information of the input signal.
4

5. Cont…
One-Stage Filtering
5

6. Problem Statement
 As we come across many heart related issues, we would be dealing with an
ample of Heartbeat recordings or data of ECG signals.
 It depends on one’s own individual on how much storage will be occupied
by that Meta data, which excludes the limited requirement.
 This would be a major disadvantage or a problem considering a number of
heart patients out there.
 ECG Data Compression is the only possible solution for this problem.
6

7. Proposed System
 The Discrete Walsh - Hadamard transform (WHT) is an orthogonal
transformation that decomposes a signal into a set of orthogonal,
rectangular waveforms called Walsh functions.
 The Hadamard transform take only the binary value +1 or -1.
7

8. Cont…
 The direct and inverse DWHT pair for a signal x(t) of length N are respectively
expressed as follow:
yn =
1
N i=0
N−1
xi𝑊 AL n, i , n = 1,2, . . . , N − 1
xi = n=0
N−1
yn𝑊 AL n, i , i = 1,2, . . . , N − 1
 Where x n and y n are the original and reconstructed signals.
 Fast Walsh hadamard is a DCA that recursively breaks down a WHT of size N into
two smaller WHTs of sizeN 2.
 This implementation follows the 2N × 2N Hadamard matrix recursive definition.
HN =
1
2
HN−1 HN−1
HN−1 HN−1
8

9. Experimental Results
9
Coefficients after applying DCA scheme
Input ECG signal

10. Cont…
10
Comparison of original and reconstructed
signal using DCA scheme

11. Software
 Concerning about the cost effective equipment, we use MATLAB software.
 It is a high performance language for technical computing.
 Data analysis, exploration and visualization is done using MATLAB.
 Walsh transform and Hadamard transform techniques can be performed
using MATLAB.
11

12. Advantages
 The main advantage of the proposed method is that it accomplishes the
high compression rate and high CRD while achieving the highest QRS
detection rate.
 Easier to understand and solve the issues regarding cardiogram of heart
rate. Appropriate output in a short time.
 Used in both Image, signal & speech processing to reduce the data
compression. Less expensive and easy to install.
12

13. Applications
 High-Resolution ECG :
The high-resolution ECG has helped unlock novel information and
has demonstrated that signal processing for the purpose of noise reduction is a
clinically viable technique.
 T-Wave Alternations :
Tiny beat-to-beat alternations in T wave morphology are
related to myocardial ischemia and have been found useful as a
predictor of malignant ventricular arrhythmias that often lead to sudden
cardiac death.
13

14. Future Scope
 Extracting the fetal ECG signal from the composite maternal ECG signal is
the open issue of research.
 Analysis of other bio signals like electromyogram(EMC) and
electroencephalogram(EEG) are also important to diagnose the possible
illness of human beings along with ECG signal analysis.
14

15. Conclusion
 Therefore Compression of Electro Cardiac signal has been implemented
with reduced number of computations using DCA Scheme.
15

16. References :
 Danek, J. CARDIOLOGY, “ECG – basic information”, BTL, a. s., March 2010
 Tenedero, M. C.; Raya, D. A. M..; Sison, G. L. “Design and implementation of a single-
channel ECG amplifier with DSP post-processing in MATLAB”, Third National Electronics
& Engineering Conference, Phillipines, November 2002.
 Piotrowskia Z.; Rózanowski K. “Robust Algorithm for Heart Rate (HR) Detection and Heart
Rate Variability (HRV) Estimation”, ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA, vol. 118, pp. 131 – 135,
No. 1/2010.
 Kohler, B.-U.; Hennig, C.; Orglmeister, R “The principles of software QRS detection”,
Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine IEEE, vol. 21, pp. 42 – 57, January -February
2002.
 I. Christov “Real time electrocardiogram QRS detection using combined adaptive threshold”,
Bio-Medical Engineering OnLine, 2004.
 Pan, Jiapu; Tompkins, Willis J. “A Real-Time QRS Detection Algorithm”, IEEE Transactions
on Biomedical Engineering, vol. BME-22, pp. 230 – 236, March 2005.
 Amol R. Madane, Gajanan G. Kale, “Electrocardiography Compression using Fast Fourier
Transform”, International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology, Vol.2 - Issue 6,
2013.
 Dr. Anup Mishra, NishaDeshmukh, AartiVerma, “Compression of ECG Signal Using Fast
Fourier Transform Technique-A Survey Approach”, International Journal of Engineering
Research & Technology, Vol.2 - Issue 8, 2013. 16

17. Thank You
17