Brave New World Literary Themes Themes to Consider: Commodification Freedom Limits of Science Mass production Individuality Power dynamics Determinism/Free Will Individual vs. Society Identity Crisis Loneliness Immorality Love & Sacrifice Second Self vs. Doubling The body itself has various sorts of “others” that echo and complement it. Sometimes our speech can be more revealing than our conscious thoughts. Consider how people say, “broken up” “going to pieces” “Pull yourself together” “get a grip” “out of his mind” “beside himself” all of these are indications to, or allude to the division or existence of other selves. Second Self vs. Doubling Cont. Inner self: frequently suggests a twofoldness which is purely internal. Double: often times implies a duplication of identity. Second Self: helps us understand the difference of the self by allowing us to have a distinct first self. Second Self vs. Doubling Cont. When there is a second self: The first self is on the foreground of the reader’s attention. He or she is the one that the reader tries to connect to. The second self is usually conscious of the first self’s existence. The reader usually interprets the second self as the intruder and tends to remain half-shadowed. The motivations of the second self tend to be ambiguous. Second Self vs. Doubling Cont. Ego is the lens through which you experience physical reality. The superego reflects the internalization of cultural rules, mainly taught by parents applying their guidance and influence. Id: is the unorganized part of the personality structure that contains a human's basic, instinctual drives. Id is the only component of personality that is present from birth. Eco criticism (This is a literary theory, not a literary theme.) Eco criticism: the application of ecology and ecological concepts to the study of literature. Essentially it is the study of literature and the physical environment and or nature in order to raise awareness of human interaction with the natural world. When they say nature scholars mean: the environment before it was impacted by technology- the land its flora, its waterways, living creature, the ecosystem etc.. How does the text depict character interacting with nature? What argument is constructed as a result of this interaction or lack of interaction? Feminist Criticism (This is a literary theory, not a literary theme.) Feminist Criticism: the application of a feminist lens onto a study of literature. This school of thought studies the ways in which women are depicted or their lack of depiction in a text. How is their representation connected to patriarchal threads of power? This theory considers the objectification and subordination of women. This also studies stereotypical depictions of women and their impact on the reader. Feminist criticism focuses on gender identity. This criticism resists the idea that men are superior to women and considers social conditioning as a the ...

1. Brave New World Literary Themes
Themes to Consider:
Commodification
Freedom
Limits of Science
Mass production
Individuality
Power dynamics
Determinism/Free Will
Individual vs. Society
Identity Crisis
Loneliness
Immorality
Love & Sacrifice
Second Self vs. Doubling
The body itself has various sorts of “others” that echo and
complement it.
Sometimes our speech can be more revealing than our conscious
thoughts. Consider how people say, “broken up” “going to
pieces” “Pull yourself together” “get a grip” “out of his mind”
“beside himself” all of these are indications to, or allude to the
division or existence of other selves.
Second Self vs. Doubling Cont.
Inner self: frequently suggests a twofoldness which is purely

2. internal.
Double: often times implies a duplication of identity.
Second Self: helps us understand the difference of the self by
allowing us to have a distinct first self.
Second Self vs. Doubling Cont.
When there is a second self:
The first self is on the foreground of the reader’s attention. He
or she is the one that the reader tries to connect to. The second
self is usually conscious of the first self’s existence. The reader
usually interprets the second self as the intruder and tends to
remain half-shadowed. The motivations of the second self tend
to be ambiguous.
Second Self vs. Doubling Cont.
Ego is the lens through which you experience physical reality.
The superego reflects the internalization of cultural rules,
mainly taught by parents applying their guidance and influence.
Id: is the unorganized part of the personality structure that
contains a human's basic, instinctual drives. Id is the only
component of personality that is present from birth.
Eco criticism
(This is a literary theory, not a literary theme.)
Eco criticism: the application of ecology and ecological
concepts to the study of literature.
Essentially it is the study of literature and the physical
environment and or nature in order to raise awareness of human
interaction with the natural world.
When they say nature scholars mean: the environment before it

3. was impacted by technology- the land its flora, its waterways,
living creature, the ecosystem etc..
How does the text depict character interacting with nature?
What argument is constructed as a result of this interaction or
lack of interaction?
Feminist Criticism
(This is a literary theory, not a literary theme.)
Feminist Criticism: the application of a feminist lens onto a
study of literature.
This school of thought studies the ways in which women are
depicted or their lack of depiction in a text. How is their
representation connected to patriarchal threads of power? This
theory considers the objectification and subordination of
women. This also studies stereotypical depictions of women and
their impact on the reader.
Feminist criticism focuses on gender identity. This criticism
resists the idea that men are superior to women and considers
social conditioning as a the tool used to maintain power over
women through patriarchal systems.
Feminist Criticism
(This is a literary theory, not a literary theme.)
Feminist criticism focuses on gender identity.
This criticism resists the idea that men are superior to women
and considers social conditioning as a the tool used to maintain
power over women.
Liminal Space
Liminal Space : is the quality of ambiguity or disorientation
that occurs in the middle stage of rituals, when participants no
longer hold their pre-ritual status but have not yet begun the

4. transition to the status they will hold when the ritual is
complete.
Being in a liminal space is being stuck in a transitional space.
Paralysis
Paralysis is when characters are hindered by attachments to
archaic ideals.
Paralysis is manifested through physical, social, and mental
mediums.
Paralysis cont.
The paralyzed character: is one who struggles to let go of
archaic and limiting ideals which hinder his or her ability to
reach fulfillment and actualization. Most frequently, reaching
fulfillment rests on his or her ability to find genuine and
reciprocated love.
The mobile character: is able to break away from paralysis and
pursue his or her passions. The flight from paralysis must be
ideological and physical.
Becoming Mobile
How can a paralyzed character become mobile?
1.In order to denounce society’s attempts at paralyzing the
subject there must be an awareness of the paralyzing elements.
2. This vital element of awareness comes to characters through
the form of epiphanies. (Prior to their moment of enlightenment
these characters are usually portrayed as confused or uncertain.
Although they may not always be aware that they are muddled.)
3. Then there must be a willingness to commit to the sacrifices

5. necessary to break ties with paralyzing society.
Panopticon
“The major effect of the Panopticon is to induce in the inmate a
state of conscious and permanent visibility that assures the
automatic functioning of power.”
-Foucault
Jeremy Bentham
Michel Foucault
“Discipline and Punish”
Panopticon
Image of a library
More themes to consider…
Silence
Manhood
Entrapment
Sanity/ Madness
Innocence / Loss of innocence
Betrayal
Womanhood/Motherhood
Gordon Rule Written assignments

6. Assignment #
Due Date:
1
09/24/19
2
10/22/19
3
11/19/19
Written Assignments (10% of Final Class Grade)
To elaborate the written assignments you need to choose from
de media any article related to the topics covered in class such
as demand, supply, interest rate, taxes, subsides, inflation,
unemployment.
Your article can be from any media source (newspaper,
magazine, website, etc.)
All Written Assignments works will be graded on Gordon Rule
requirements, format, content, sources, clarity, connectivity,
and quality of analysis. Since this course must meet the Gordon
rule requirements, you must submit all three scheduled current
events or you may not pass the class.
Miami Dade General Education Outcomes: The class and
writing assignments are designed to reflect and practice
Critical Thinking (Students should be able to solve problems
using critical and creative scientific reasoning.)
Numbers / Data Analysis (Students should be able to process,
understand and accurately analyze numerical data)
Computer / Technology Usage (You will learn how to use word
processing, spreadsheet, database, and presentation programs.
AN ARTICLE REVIEW: WHAT ONE IS AND HOW ONE IS
WRITEN
An article review is a written evaluation of a particular work. It
takes the form of an essay. It is done after careful reading, note-
taking and analysis of what the author is trying to say. Your
review’s length may vary according to the article’s size.

7. The review consist of four main parts that are placed in
continuous narrative.
A. Description of the work
A one or two paragraph description of the work’s physical
structure and any information about the author you may have
discovered. For example magazine title, number of pages,
publisher, copyright, date, edition, whether it is part of a series.
B. Statements of author’s goals:
The author will say that he or she is trying to accomplish
somewhere at the outset either in the article’s preface or in its
introduction. In your own words, or paraphrasing his or her
own, state the person’s objectives for having writing the article
(one or two paragraphs)
C. Your verdict:
Did the author achieve the goals set forth? Or. Were some
achieved but not all? Were the conclusions valid, or can you
show when he or she hedged the point? If the answer is “yes”
show why and use examples from the text to bolster your praise.
If the answer is “no” do the same thing to back your claim.
Remember, you cannot praise or condemn without proof.
D. Your Opinion of the whole Work:
Did you like the article? Why or why not? Use examples to
bolster your statements.
Proofread your work before turning it in and watch your
spelling.
In addition, student cannot pass, i.e., earn a letter grade of C or
better, ECO 2013 without satisfactorily completing three
written assignments. All writing assignments will be graded
according to the following college-wide criteria:
Miami Dade College

8. Gordon Rule Writing Rubric
Demonstrates Exemplary
College-Level Writing
4
Demonstrates Proficient
College-Level Writing
3
Demonstrates Satisfactory College-Level Writing
2
Demonstrates Emerging College-Level Writing
1
Communicates purpose with sophistication.
Beyond understanding of issues, shows insight.
Style engages audience, establishes writer’s credibility.
Communicates purpose clearly.
Shows full understanding of issues.
Style consistently effective for intended audience.
Adheres to purpose, fulfills assignment.
Shows adequate understanding of key issues.
Style generally appropriate to intended audience.
Wavers in purpose.
Incompletely addresses assigned topic or directions.
Shows need for more study of issues.

9. Style uneven.
Addresses
Purpose and Audience
Demonstrates Exemplary College-Level Writing
4
Demonstrates Proficient
College-Level Writing
3
Demonstrates Satisfactory
College-Level Writing
2
Demonstrates Emerging College-Level Writing
1
Central idea clear.
Paragraph structure consistently and effectively supports
content.
Clear logic and effective transitions.
Central idea clear.

10. Paragraph structure uniformly supports content.
Consistency, logic and transitions well managed.
Central idea evident.
Paragraph structure sometimes supports content.
Consistency, logic and transitions show some weaknesses.
Loose focus on central idea.
Contains some repetition and digression.
Paragraph
structure weak.
Demonstrates Effective Organization of Content
Demonstrates Exemplary College-Level Writing
4
Demonstrates Proficient
College-Level Writing
3
Demonstrates Satisfactory
College-Level Writing
2
Demonstrates Emerging College-Level Writing
1

11. Stated or implied thesis developed logically, coherently and
extensively with convincing, specific supporting details.
Strong evidence of critical thinking.
No factual errors.
Thesis, stated or implied.
Presents a plan of development that is carried out.
Effective supporting details.
Consistent development.
No factual errors.
Thesis evident but supported by a mixture of generalizations
and specific detail.
Some factual errors.
Thesis evident
but support very general and/or inconsistent.
Several factual errors.
Demonstrates
Effective
Development:
Thesis
Statement,
Main points,
Supporting
Information, Conclusion

12. Demonstrates Exemplary College-Level Writing
4
Demonstrates Proficient
College-Level Writing
3
Demonstrates Satisfactory
College-Level Writing
2
Demonstrates Emerging College-Level Writing
1
Choice of language consistently precise, purposeful.
Nearly flawless sentence structure.
Usage, mechanics contribute to writer’s ability to communicate
purpose.
Word choice accurate, varied.
Occasional errors in sentence structure.
Usage and mechanics do not hinder writer’s ability to
communicate purpose.
Word choice correct but simple / without variety.

13. Errors in mechanics and / or usage do not obscure content of
assignment.
Frequent errors in word choice.
Sentence structure and mechanics seriously affect clarity.
Employs
Effective
Language
Articles Review Additional Explanation (10% of Final Class
Grade)
The Articles Review are the written Gordon Rule component of
the class.
For each article you must submit a 1-2 page summary/analysis
of the article, the correct font is the following:
1) The Article Summary must be Typed double space. (APA
Format)
2) One inch margins all around the page.
3) Font 12, Times New Roman or Arial ONLY.

14. 4) Every article must have a Cover Page and a References page
as requested in APA
5) Write it ALL in your OWN words, DO NOT COPY / PASTE
anything, your grade will be severely penalized if you do so.
The Article Review is basically you explaining what the article
author is trying to convey. It is an explanative summary
analysis of the article. Use the following to guide you through
writing the summary. Even though the article writing is not
formal, this is a business class and we must write the article
accordingly, refrain yourself from making the article summary
too personal.
1) Introduce your article summary.
2) What is the article’s main idea. Explain / Summarize in your
own words what is the article writing about.
3) What it the issue at hand, what is the author’s point of view,
how is the author substantiating his opinion on the matter?
4) Want to get an “A” then use other sources if desired to talk
about the same topic and expand the author’s article.
5) End it by providing your opinion on the matter. Do you
believe the article is right/wrong and why, is there any
right/wrong on this matter? Notice any claims you make must
be substantiated by hard information, data that supports your
claim.
They MUST include a references page and a cover page.
Project MUST be APA style. The article is due on the due date
as listed on page 1, NOT later. The use of Wikipedia, any other
internet blog, question-answer website as a source in not
acceptable. Make sure you use acceptable (recognized) sources.
Your project will be checked for academic irregularities, you
will receive a Zero if the project is found to be someone else’s
partial or entire work. All LATE WORK will receive a SEVERE
grade penalty, or may not be accepted.
Brave New World Aldous Huxley
Novel Analysis Prompt

15. Point total: 125
The research paper prompt:
Value: 100pts
For this paper you must first pick one or two literary schools of
thought or literary themes. If you pick two, at least one
criticism/theme must be from the following list:
Eco- criticism
Feminist criticism
Eco-feminist criticism
Panopticon
Liminal Space
Second Self/Doubling
Paralysis/Mobility
Once you have chosen your literary lens or lenses, you must
then analyze Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World. You must use
the lens to analyze the story and create an argument. How is this
lens helping you see what Huxley is commenting or critiquing
about society? Your argument may focus on the overall novel’s
argument or on one feature of the novel. For example, you may
focus on one character, on the setting, on the relationship
between a character and society, or on a specific relationship
between characters etc.
Plan out your ideas, strategies, and the structure you would like
to use thoughtfully. Make sure to provide at least two close
readings of specific scenes. Really look at the nuances created
by Huxley.
At minimum you must include one outside source (aside from
the novel) that discusses the lens or that discusses the novel.
This source should be a scholarly essay, peer-reviewed journal,
or scholarly book. It should be integrated within your paper and
should not appear as an afterthought at the end of your text. Use
the source or sources to support your claims throughout your
paper. Maximum outside sources: 6.

16. It is not solely about identifying interesting components of the
novel, but this project is about making your own argument using
a literary scope and outside source.
Paper Requirements:
1. This paper must be in MLA format with a Works Cited page
at the end.
1. I will be looking for clarity, your attention to detail, a sound
and sustained argument, and successful inclusion of outside
sources.
1. The required word count for this paper is: 1,200-1,500 words
(5-6 pages).
Please add the word count to the bottom right of the works cited
page.
Letter Prompt
Value: 25 points
For this assignment you must write one letter. There are two
prompts. You choose your prompt.
- This letter must be directed to Aldous Huxley. In this letter
you must share your experience reading Brave New World.
What did you learn from this text? How has his book reshaped,
enforced, or conflicted with your own perspectives on the
society’s view of mass production, happiness, and
individuality? You can discuss the extent to which Huxley’s
predictions about society came true. Discuss what society is like
today. What would you think this author would find interesting
about our current day culture? Feel free to bring in a maximum
of two outside sources when discussing current context. (No
outside sources are mandatory.) You must have an end goal with
this letter. What do you want him to consider after reading your
letter? Is there a call to action on your part? Include references
to the book.
- This letter must be addressed a character from the book. What
information would you like to share with this character? Discuss
the character’s choices and circumstances. If you feel

17. comfortable, share moments where you have felt similar
emotions, or struggles concerning choices. Consider what you
hope they take away from reading your letter. You may bring in
outside sources if you feel it is necessary to make a point.
(Maximum of two outside sources aside from the novel.)
The objective is to consider your audience. How will you
modify your letter to fit this person’s values? How will you
strategically organize your thoughts in a way that invites,
challenges, encourages, or inspires the reader? In order to
accomplish this, you must be mindful of the rhetorical moves
you make.
Letter Requirements:
-Must be single spaced.
-Must be 300-400 words
This entire project is due electronically by 12/10.
*DO NOT send your paper as a google document. It must be
submitted as a pdf. or word document.