renaissance architecture

1. RENAISSANCE
ARCHITECTURE
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2.  It was started in Italy since 15th century following by
France, Germany, Belgium, Holland, Spain and England
 Renaissance style emphasise on symmetry, proportion,
geometry, and regularity of parts
 The development of printed books, the rediscovery of
ancient writings, the expanding of political and trade
contacts and the exploration of the world, all increased
knowledge and the desire for education
 Renaissance means rebirth i.e remodelling of Greek and
Roman architecture
 This extension is result of colonisation of small
countries of Europe
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4.  Large-sized stone blocks were used to dignify the construction
 Pointed arches of Gothic style were replaced by round or semi-circular arches
 Doorways were not proportional to the human scale;
Windows were small and divided by vertical mullions and horizontal transoms with no painted glass
 The church interiors were square bays covered with barrel and cross vaulting without ribs, over a
central large dome
 Timber roofs were covered with plastered stucco which produced considerable effect on the design
 5 Orders of Architecture; Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Composite and Tuscan were standardised and used
both constructively and decoratively
 Richly moulded openings were placed with due regard to symmetry and spanned by semi-circular
arches
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5.  Domes were placed over square and polygonal plans and also raised a cylindrical drum
enriched by colonnade
 Towers were rarely used in this type of architecture
 Projecting horizontal cornices, casting deep shadows, together with balcony were exhibited
horizontally
 Ornamentation was based on classical methology and Pagan subjects
 Cornices, capitals, friezes, shafts, pediments were enriched with delicate carvings
 Statues were neither proportional to human scale nor an integral part of the buildings
 Fresco paintings were used in place of stained glass for coloured mural decoration
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6. St. Peter in Rome
S T . P E T E R I N R O M E
T h i s i s t h e o u t s t a n d i n g m o n u m e n t a l b u i l d i n g o f t h i s p e r i o d . T h e
b u i l d i n g 2 1 3 m l o n g e x t e r n a l l y , a n d h a s i n t e r n a l l e n g t h 1 8 3 m
w i d e w i t h 1 3 7 m w i d e t r a n s c e p t s . I t i s c o v e r e d w i t h h u g e d o m e
4 2 m i n d i a m e t e r r i s i n g t o a h e i g h t o f 1 0 2 m f r o m t h e g r o u n d .
T h e d o m e i s 2 . 7 5 m t h i c k b u i l t i n w o s h e l l s o f b r i c k w o r k a n d
s u p p o r t e d b y f o u r s t u p e n d o u s p i e r s a t a h e i g h t o f 7 6 m f r o m
t h e p a v e m e n t . T h e p i e r s b e a r s t a t u e s 5 m h i g h a n d t h e i n s i d e o f
t h e d o m e i s b e a u t i f i e d w i t h c o l o u r e d f r e s c o e s a n d m o s a i c s . A
l a n t e r n i s p l a c e d a t t h e t o p o f d o m e a t a h e i g h t o f 1 3 8 m f r o m
t h e g r o u n d . T h i s m a g n i f i c e n t b u i l d i n g h a s e q u a l l y m o n u m e n t a l
p o r t i c o 7 2 m l o n g w i d e b y 1 3 m a n d v a s t e n t r a n c e p i a z z a 1 9 8 m
w i d e s u r r o u n d e d b y c o l o n n a d e s w i t h f o u n t a i n s a n d c e n t r a l
o b e l i s k .
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7. S. PAUL CATHEDRAL, LONDON
This masterpiece is designed by Christopher Wren. The plan
is based on Latin-cross. It is built in 35 years. The
interior has a length of 142m and breadth of 31m. The
dome carried on eight piers at a height of 65m above
pavement is 34m in diameter, with eight openings in the
summit to admit light. The lantern which rests on the
dome is 115m above with ground.
S. Paul Cathedral
London
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8.  EARLY RENAISSANCE (1400-1500)
ALSO KNOWN AS QUATTROCENTO
 HIGH RENAISSANCE (1500-1525)
 MANNERISM (1525-1600)
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10.  E x p a n s i o n o f i n d u s t r y a n d w o r l d t r a d e ; v o y a g e s o f
e x p l o r a t i o n b e g i n . I n c r e a s e d p a t r o n a g e o f t h e a r t s
b y w e a l t h y i n d i v i d u a l s .
 C o n c e p t s o f a r c h i t e c t u r a l o r d e r w e r e e x p l o r e d a n d
r u l e s w e r e f o r m u l a t e d .
 T h e s t u d y o f c l a s s i c a l a n t i q u i t y l e d i n p a r t i c u l a r
t o t h e a d o p t i o n o f C l a s s i c a l d e t a i l a n d
o r n a m e n t a t i o n .
 I n t e n s i f i c a t i o n a n d r e d e f i n i t i o n o f h u m a n i s m a s a
p h i l o s o p h y a s s i g n i n g m a n a r a t i o n a l p l a c e i n t h e
c o s m o s - - r e l i g i o u s , e t h i c a l , p o l i t i c a l , a n d e c o n o m i c .
QUATTROCENTO
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12.  High Renaissance is the period denoting the apogee of the visual arts in the Italian
Renaissance.
 It was traditionally viewed as a great explosion of creative genius, following a model of
art history.
 Its sculpture is characterized by an “balance” between stillness and movement.
 During the High Renaissance there was the development of small scale statuettes for
private patrons, the creation of busts and tombs also developing..
HIGH RENAISSANCE 12

14.  Mannerism is notable for its intellectual sophistication as
well as its artificial (as opposed to naturalistic) qualities .
 Mannerism in literature and music is notable for its highly
florid style and intellectual sophistication .
 The detailed knowledge of anatomy, light, physiognomy and
the way in which humans register emotion in expression and
gesture, the innovative use of the human form in figurative
composition, the use of the subtle gradation of tone, all had
reached near perfection.
 Mannerism favours compositional tension and instability
rather than the balance and clarity of earlier Renaissance
painting.
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