This document discusses a proposed global assessment of bamboo and rattan resources by the International Bamboo and Rattan Organization (INBAR). It notes that bamboo and rattan provide important ecosystem services and support livelihoods, but current inventory data is limited. The assessment would aim to determine global area covered, identify opportunities and challenges, and build the evidence base around economic valuation and trade. INBAR member states and other organizations could contribute national inventory data and help carry out field work. The goals are to inform policies and provide investment opportunities in sustainable development of bamboo and rattan resources.