Ijecet 06 10_001

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International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology
(IJECET)
Volume 6, Issue 10, Oct 2015, pp. 01-05, Article ID: IJECET_06_10_001
Available online at
http://www.iaeme.com/IJECETissues.asp?JType=IJECET&VType=6&IType=10
ISSN Print: 0976-6464 and ISSN Online: 0976-6472
© IAEME Publication
A REVIEW ON WIRELESS POWER
TRANSMISSION
J. S. Ashwin and S. Sinthuja
Research Scholar, ECE Department, AMET University
Dr .N. Manoharan
Director-Research, AMET University
ABSTRACT
In this paper, we introduce the idea of transmitting force without utilizing
wires i.e., transmitting force as microwaves from one spot to another is so as
to decrease the transmission and dispersion misfortunes. This idea is known as
Microwave Power transmission (MPT). We additionally talked about the
innovative advancements in Remote Power Transmission (WPT). The points of
interest, burdens, natural effects and utilizations of WPT are additionally
displayed.
Key words: Microwave Power Transmission, Wireless Power Transmission.
Cite this Article: J. S. Ashwin, S. Sinthuja and Dr .N. Manoharan. A Review
on Wireless Power Transmission, International Journal of Electronics and
Communication Engineering & Technology, 6(10), 2015, pp. 01-05.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJECET/issues.asp?JType=IJECET&VType=6&IType=
10
1. INTRODUCTION
One of the real issue in force framework is the misfortunes happens amid the
transmission and dissemination of electrical force. As the interest builds step by step,
the force era increments and the force misfortune is additionally expanded. The real
measure of force misfortune happens amid transmission and circulation. The rate of
misfortune of force amid transmission and circulation is approximated as 26%. The
primary purpose behind force misfortune amid transmission and circulation is the
resistance of wires utilized for lattice. The effectiveness of force transmission can be
enhanced to certain level by utilizing high quality composite over head conductors
and underground links that utilization high temperature super conductor. In any case,
the transmission is still wasteful. As indicated by the World Assets Foundation
(WRI), India's power framework has the most elevated transmission and dispersion
misfortunes on the planet – an astounding 27%. Numbers distributed by different
Indian government organizations put that number at 30%, 40% and more prominent

2. J. S. Ashwin, S. Sinthuja and Dr .N. Manoharan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJECET/index.asp 2 editor@iaeme.com
than 40%. This is ascribed to specialized misfortunes (framework's inefficiencies) and
burglary.
2. WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION
Nikola Tesla he is who designed radio and demonstrated to us he is for sure the
"Father of Remote". Nikola Tesla is the person who first considered the thought
Remote Force Transmission and illustrated "the transmission of electrical vitality
without wires" that relies on electrical conductivity as ahead of schedule as 1891. In
1893, Tesla shown the enlightenment of vacuum knobs without utilizing wires for
force transmission at the World Columbian Piece in Chicago. The Wardenclyffe
tower appeared in Figure 1 was planned and built by Tesla basically for remote
transmission of electrical power instead of telegraphy.
Figure 1 187-foot Wardenclyffe Tower
In 1904, an aircraft boat engine of 0.1 strength is driven by transmitting force
through space from a separation of minimum 100 feet. In 1961, Cocoa distributed the
first paper proposing microwave vitality for force transmission, and in 1964 he
exhibited a microwave-controlled model helicopter that got all the force required for
flight from a microwave shaft at 2.45 GHz from the scope of 2.4GHz – 2.5 GHz
recurrence band which is held for Modern, Logical, and Therapeutic (ISM)
applications. Tests in force transmission without wires in the scope of many kilowatts
have been performed at Goldstone in California in 1975 and at Great Bassin on
Gathering Island in 1997. The world's first MPT test in the ionosphere called the
MINIX (Microwave Ionosphere Non-direct Collaboration Trial) rocket investigation
is shown in 1983 at Japan. Thus, the world's first fuel free plane controlled by
microwave vitality from ground was accounted for in 1987 at Canada. This
framework is called SHARP (Stationary High – Elevation Hand-off Stage) . In 2003,
Dryden Flight Examination Focal point of NASA showed a laser fueled model plane
inside. Japan proposed remote charging of electric engine vehicles by Microwave
Power Transmission in 2004. Powercast, another organization presented remote force
exchange innovation utilizing RF vitality at the 2007 Customer Hardware Show. A
material science exploration gathering, drove by Prof. Marin Soljacic, at the

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Massachusetts Organization of innovation (MIT) showed remote controlling of a 60W
light with 40% effectiveness at a 2m (7ft) separation utilizing two 60cm-measurement
loops in 2007 . As of late in 2008, Intel recreated the MIT bunch's trial by remotely
controlling a light with 75% effectiveness at a shorter separation (Tesla Tower).
3. WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
William C. Chestnut, the pioneer in remote force transmission innovation, has
planned, added to a unit and showed to show how power can be exchanged through
free space by microwaves. The idea of Remote Force Transmission Framework is
clarified with practical square outline appeared in Figure 2. In the transmission side,
the microwave force source produces microwave force and the yield force is
controlled by electronic control circuits. The wave guide ferrite circulator which
secures the microwave source from reflected force is associated with the microwave
force source through the Persuade – Waveguide Connector. The tuner coordinates the
impedance between the transmitting recieving wire furthermore, the microwave
source. The lessened signs will be then isolated in light of the bearing of sign
engendering by Directional Coupler. The transmitting recieving wire emanates the
force consistently through free space to the rectenna. In the accepting side, a rectenna
gets the transmitted force and changes over the microwave power into DC power. The
impedance coordinating circuit and channel is given to setting the yield impedance of
a sign source equivalent to the redressing circuit. The redressing circuit comprises of
Schottky hindrance diodes changes over the got microwave power into DC power.
4. COMPONENTS OF WPT SYSTEM
The Essential portions of Remote Force Transmission are Microwave Generator,
Transmitting gathering mechanical assembly and Getting gathering contraption
(Rectenna). The fragments are depicted in this area.
4.1. Microwave Generator
The microwave transmitting contraptions are assigned Microwave Vacuum Tubes
(magnetron, klystron, Voyaging Wave Tube (TWT), and Microwave Power Module
(MPM)) and Semiconductor Microwave transmitters (GaAs MESFET, GaN pHEMT,
SiC MESFET, AlGaN/GaN HFET, and InGaAS). Magnetron is by and large used for
experimentation of WPT. The microwave transmission consistently uses 2.45GHz or
5.8GHz of ISM band. Exchange choices of frequencies are 8.5 GHz , 10 GHz and 35
GHz . The most huge viability more than 90% is expert at 2.45 GHz among each one
of the frequencies.
4.2. Transmitting Reception apparatus
The opened wave guide reception apparatus, microstrip patch recieving wire, and
explanatory dish recieving wire are the most prevalent kind of transmitting reception
apparatus. The opened waveguide recieving wire is perfect for force transmission due
to its high opening proficiency (> 95%) and high power taking care of ability.
4.3. Rectenna
The idea, the name "rectenna" and the rectenna was imagined by W.C. Chestnut of
Raytheon Organization in the ahead of schedule of 1960s [16]. The rectenna is a
uninvolved component comprises of reception apparatus, correcting circuit with a low
pass channel between the recieving wire and correcting diode. The recieving wire

4. J. S. Ashwin, S. Sinthuja and Dr .N. Manoharan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJECET/index.asp 4 editor@iaeme.com
utilized as a part of rectenna may be dipole, Yagi – Uda, microstrip or allegorical dish
reception apparatus. The patch dipole reception apparatus accomplished the most
elevated proficiency among the all. The execution of different printed rectenna is
appeared in Table I. Schottky obstruction diodes (GaAs-W, Si, and GaAs) are
normally utilized as a part of the correcting circuit because of the speedier reverse
recuperation time and much lower forward voltage drop and great RF attributes. The
rectenna effectiveness for different diodes at diverse recurrent.
5. ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES, AND BIOLOGICAL
IMPACTS OF WPT
5.1. Points of interest
Remote Force Transmission framework would totally wipes out the current high-
pressure power transmission line links, towers what's more, sub stations between the
producing station and shoppers and encourages the interconnection of electrical era
plants on a worldwide scale. It has more opportunity of decision of both collector and
transmitters. Indeed, even portable transmitters and collectors can be picked for the
WPT framework. The expense of transmission and dispersion turned out to be less
and the expense of electrical vitality for the buyer too would be lessened. The force
could be transmitted to the spots where the wired transmission is unrealistic. Loss of
transmission is irrelevant level in the Remote Force Transmission; thusly, the
productivity of this technique is all that much higher than the wired transmission.
Force is accessible at the rectenna the length of the WPT is working. The force
disappointment because of short out and blame on links would never exist in the
transmission and force robbery would be unrealistic by any means.
5.2. Weaknesses
The Capital Expense for pragmatic usage of WPT is by all accounts high and the
other weakness of the idea is impedance of microwave with present correspondence
frameworks.
5.3. Natural Effects
Basic convictions fear the impact of microwave radiation. Be that as it may, the
ponders in this space over and over demonstrates that the microwave radiation level
would be never higher than the measurements got while opening the microwave stove
entryway, which means it is somewhat higherthan the outflows made by cell
telephones[17]. Cell phones work with force densities at or underneath the
ANSI/IEEE introduction measures [18]. In this manner open presentation to WPT
fields would likewise be underneath existing security rules.
Figure 2 Functional Block Diagram of Wireless Power Transmission System

5. A Review On Wireless Power Transmission
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6. CONCLUSION
The idea of Microwave Force transmission (MPT) and Remote Force Transmission
framework is displayed. The innovative advancements in Remote Force Transmission
(WPT), the favorable circumstances, weaknesses, natural effects and uses of WPT are
likewise examined. This idea offers more prominent potential outcomes for
transmitting force without hardly lifting a finger of transmission than any creation on
the other hand disclosure up to this time made. Dr. Neville of NASA states "You
needn't bother with links, pipes, or copper wires to get power. We can send it to you
like a mobile phone call – where you need it, when you need it, progressively". We
can expect with certitude that in next few a long time's miracles will be created by its
applications if all the conditions are good.
REFERENCES
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Wireless Power Transmission Conf., San Antonio, TX, 1993, pp. 457-466.
[2] Matsumoto, H.N. Kaya, I. Kimura, S. Miyatake, M. Nagatomo, and T. Obayashi,
MINIX Project toward the Solar
[3] Power Satellites --- Rocket experiment of microwave energy transmission and
associated plasma physics in the ionosphere, ISAS space energy symposium, pp
69-76, 1986.
[4] M. Onda, M. Fujita, Y. Fujino, N. Kaya, K. Tomita, and MYamada, “A
stratospheric stationary LTA platform concept and ground-to-vehicle microwave
power transmission tests,” in 37th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and
Exhibit, Reno, NV,1999, pp. 1-7.
[5] Nikola Tesla, My Inventions, Ben Johnston, Ed., Austin, Hart Brothers, p. 91,
1982.
[6] Nikola Tesla, “The Transmission of Electrical Energy without Wires as a Means
for Furthering Peace,” Electrical World and Engineer. Jan. 7, p. 21, 1905.
[7] Ndzana Benoît and Lekini Nkodo Claude Bernard, New Technique for Power
Transmission (A Beam of Conductors) Mathematical Model-Numerical
Simulation, International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering &
Technology, 6(9), 2015, pp. 9 - 13.