The document discusses a study on the behavior of beams made with concrete where 10% of the coarse aggregate is replaced with waste rubber. Beams were cast with normal concrete and rubberized concrete. The rubberized concrete beams were tested and their load vs deflection behavior, initial cracking load, ultimate load, and stress-strain curves were compared to normal concrete beams. The results showed that using 10% rubber replacement led to an up to 10% reduction in ultimate load capacity but higher initial cracking loads. Thus, partially replacing coarse aggregate with waste rubber can help utilize waste while maintaining much of the strength of normal concrete.

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International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
Volume 10, Issue 02, February 2019, pp. 446-453, Article ID: IJCIET_10_02_045
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=02
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
© IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed
BEHAVIOR OF BEAMS MADE FROM
CONCRETE CONTENT WASTE RUBBER AS
AGGREGATE REPLACEMENT
AritraMandal
Research scholar of Civil Engineerieng Department, Hindustan University, Padur, Chennai,
Tamil Nadu, India & Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering,
Techno International Batanagar, West Bengal, India
Sulagno Banerjee
Research scholar of Civil Engineerieng Department, Hindustan University, Padur, Chennai,
Tamil Nadu, India & Assistant Professor, Civil Engineerieng Department,
Elitte College of Engineering, Sodepur, Kolkata, India
Dr. JessyRooby
Professor Civil Engineering Department,
Hindustan University, Padur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
ABSTRACT
Disposal of tyre rubber is becoming a huge problem in India day by day.
Researchers are trying to use those rubber in civil engineering projects from long day
back. Crumb rubber replaced fine aggregate is qute a common practice now a days.
An attempt was made to replace 10% chipped rubber with coarse aggregate and
beams were casted with that concrete mix.They were tested to failure. Deflection,
ultimate load, first crack,stress vs strain,load vs deflection are all studied. Efforts
have been taken to identify the potential application of waste tyres in civil engineering
projects. This study can show an alternative way of recycling tyre by incorporating
them into concrete construction. Main focus was made on the behaviour of beam
made from recycled rubber chips .
Keywords: Tyre, Rubberized Concrete, Replacement of coarse aggregate by used
rubber, chipped rubber concrete.
Cite this Article: AritraMandal, Sulagno Banerjee and Dr. JessyRooby, Behavior of
Beams Made from Concrete Content Waste Rubber as Aggregate Replacement,
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 10(2), 2019, pp. 446-453.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=10&IType=02

2. Behavior of Beams Made from Concrete Content Waste Rubber as Aggregate Replacement
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 447 editor@iaeme.com
1. INTRODUCTION
Now a day’s sustainability is the main key of the research. For environment impact
researcher tried to use waste product as much as they can and recycling of waste product is
the main criteria for research. In this particular research programme authors used waste tyre
rubber as coarse aggregate which replaced 10% of conventional coarse aggregate.RCC beams
were prepared and tested and the properties were then compared to that of conventional
beam. Potential of rubber in concrete project is the research purpose because in India
dumping of it is a big problem.The concrete mixed with waste rubber added in different
volume proportions is called Rubberized concrete Partially replacing the coarse aggregate of
concrete with some quantity of small waste tyre chips can improve qualities such as low unit
weight, high resistance to abrasion, absorbing the shocks and vibrations. In constructions that
are subjected to impact effects the use of rubberized concrete will be beneficial due to the
altered state of its properties.
2. PAST LITERATURE
Abhisheik [1] (2016) this research paper deals with the effect on compressive strength of
concrete using waste rubber as partial replacement of fine aggregate. It is evident that the
compressive and tensile strengths of rubberized concrete decreases with the increase in
rubber content, but some other properties like toughness and ductility of the hardened
rubberized mix increases. Economically Rubberized concrete is more expensive than the
normal mixes. Fire resistance of rubberized concrete is greater than normal mixes. Ameer
Abdulrahman Hilal[2] (2011) these papers deal with the effect of crumb rubber tyres on
foamed concrete. A partial sand Replacement in foamed concrete by crumb tyres rubber leads
to reduce the density of the final product, because of the specific gravity of rubber used was
less than it of sand. Water absorption (%) increases with increasing of crumb rubber of tyres
content. Rubberized foamed concrete shows a cohesive behaviour at failure than foamed
concrete (FC), and this is obviously appear in splitting tensile test. Addition of rubber causes
deceasing in foamed concrete strength. Ayman M. Othman[3] (2006), he studied on fracture
resistance of rubber-modified asphaltic mixtures exposed to high-temperature cyclic aging.
Fracture resistance at different duration of high temperature cyclic aging is investigated using
J- integral approach.The rubber-modified mixture has a higher fracture load compared to the
unmodified mixture at same thermal cyclic level and crack length. The area under the load-
deflection curve for the rubber modified mixture is also higher than its counterpart for the
unmodified mixture. Elizabeth A. Hunt[4] (2002) she studied the properties of crumb rubber
modified asphalt concrete in Oregon. Life cycle cost analyses done in Ontario indicate a
potential for cost savings assuming a longer life expectancy and reduced maintenance with
the addition of rubber to the binder.
3. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
3.1. Materials used
 Cement – 53 grade opc
 Fine Aggregate
 Coarse Aggregate
 Crumb Rubber Aggregate – 20mm size
 Grade of Concrete –M20
 Glenium - An admixture used for higher workability
 Strain Gauges 120 ohm

3. AritraMandal, Sulagno Banerjee and Dr. JessyRooby
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 448 editor@iaeme.com
3.1.1. Cement and Aggregates
In the present study Ordinary Portland Cement of grade 43, confirming to IS: 8112–1989[5]
was used for preparing the concrete. The specific gravity of cement was 3.15. Fine
aggregate- Natural River sand passing through4.75mmIS sieve is used for making concrete.
As perIS: 383–1970[6] natural river sand was categorized under grading zone II. The specific
gravity and fineness modulus of sand is found to be 2.6 and 4.52. Coarse aggregate-Coarse
aggregate was passed through 20mmsieve and retainedon12mm sieve confirming IS: 383–
1970[6] was used for concreting. The specific gravity and fineness modulus of coarse
aggregate is found to be 2.7 and 7.3. Glenium super plasticizer is used
Table 1 properties of cement
3.1.2. Glenium 51
Glenium 51 superplasticizer is used for higher workability.In this study 0.5% of cementitious
material is used as Glenium.It is an admixture of a new generation based on modified
polycarboxylic ether.
Typical properties:
Aspect : Light brown liquid
Specific Gravity : 1082-1142kg/lt at 20o
C
PH : 6-7
Chloride Content : ≤0.10% by mass
Alkali Content : ≤3.0 % by mass
3.1.3. Water
Clean potable water free from suspended particles, chemical substances, biological elements
etc., is used both for mixing of concrete and curing.
3.1.4. Rubber aggregate
This study has concentrated on the performance of a single gradation of rubber prepared by
manual cutting. The maximum size of the rubber aggregate was 20 mm. The properties of the
rubber used as aggregate is given below

4. Behavior of Beams Made from Concrete Content Waste Rubber as Aggregate Replacement
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Table 2 Properties of rubber
PARAMETERS UNIT
STANDARD
SPECS
ACETONE EXTRACTION % 5-10
ASH CONTETNT % 4 Max
BULK DENSITY gm / cc 0.30 - 0.45
SIEVE ANALYSIS
PASSING 20 MM SIEVE
% 99
SIEVE ANALYSIS
PASSING 2 MM SIEVE
% 1
Figure 1 Rubber Aggregate
4. MIX DESIGN (AS PER IS 10262 – 2009)
Based on the trial mixes, the final design mix was prepared for M20 grade of concrete as per
IS 10262:2009[7]. The concrete mix proportions were shown in Table below.
Table 3 Mix proportions
Grade of
concrete
Target
mean
strength
(N/mm2
)
W/C
ratio
Mix
Proportion
M 20 26. 60 0.50 1:1.4:3.1
5. CASTING OF BEAMS
Beam size=0.25x0.15x2.5m
Cover=25mm
Total no.of beams=6
Conventional beams=3
Beams with 10%replacement=3

5. AritraMandal, Sulagno Banerjee and Dr. JessyRooby
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Figure 2 Testing of specimens and Collection of data
6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Load vs Deflection is studied and a graph is plotted for comparision.Initial crack load and
ultimate load have been studied and stress strain diagram for both normal and rubber concrete
have been plotted.

6. Behavior of Beams Made from Concrete Content Waste Rubber as Aggregate Replacement
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 451 editor@iaeme.com
Load vs deflection table of two type of beam
Load vs. deflection graph of two type beam

7. AritraMandal, Sulagno Banerjee and Dr. JessyRooby
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 452 editor@iaeme.com
Specification
Ultimate load
(kn)
Ultimate load
(kn)
Ultimate load
(kn)
Initital
crack (kn)
Initital
crack (kn)
Initital crack (kn)
NORMAL
CONCRETE
102.7 87.2 90 17.4 19.6 13.5
RUBBER
CONCRETE
91.2 85.2 77.8 19.5 13.8 22.1
Initial crack and ultimate load of the RCC beam
STRESS STRAIN CURVE FOR RUBBERIZED BEAM
STRESS STRAIN CURVE FOR NORMAL BEAM
TEST SETUP

8. Behavior of Beams Made from Concrete Content Waste Rubber as Aggregate Replacement
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 453 editor@iaeme.com
BEAM WITH CRACK
7. CONCLUSIONS
From the preliminary tests, we got a conclusion that by adding 10% replacement of rubber
with coarse aggregate the capacity decreases by only 10%.
The rubber concrete beam gets its final crack at 93.9kN whereas the conventional
concrete beam cracks at 109.3 kN
By replacing 10% of coarse aggregate by rubber, we can gain upto 85%-90% of strength
that of conventional concrete
REFERENCE
[1] Abhishek Kumar And Mohd. Afaque Khan, EFFECT ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
OF CONCRETE BY USING WASTE RUBBER AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF
FINE AGGREGATE: A Review, International Research Journal Of Engineering And
Technology, 2016, E-ISSN: 2395 -0056 (3)3 P-ISSN: 2395-0072
[2] Ameer Abdulrahman Hilal, Effect of crumb tyres rubber on some properties offoamed
concrete, Anbar Journal for Engineering Sciences, 2011, 4(2)
[3] AYMAN M. OTHMAN, Fracture resistance of rubber-modified asphaltic mixtures
exposed to high-temperature cyclic aging, Journal of elastomers and plastics, 2006 Vol.
38- 0095-2443/06/01 0019
[4] Elizabeth A. Hunt, P.E, Crumb rubber modified asphalt concrete in oregon, Oregon
Department of Transportation Research Group Salem, Oregon 97301- 5192andFederal
Highway Administration Washington, 2002
[5] IS, 8112–1989 Indian Standard of OPC 43 BIS, New Delhi
[6] IS383–1970 , Indian Standard of aggregate, BIS, New Delhi
[7] S 10262-2009 Indian Standard of concrete mix design, BIS, New Delhi