this ppt explains the evolution of management thoughts during classical era, neo classical era and modern management era

1. BCH106/ Unit-I 1
Subject Name:-Essentials Of Management
Subject Code:- BCH 106
Unit No.:- 1
Lecture No.:- 3
Topic Name :- Management Thoughts
Mr.Shubham Nigam
SRMSBS

2. Content
1:- Management Process School
2:- Management Experience School
3:- Human Behavior School
4:- Social System School
5:- The System Management School
BCH106/ Unit-I 2

3. Various approaches to the study of management have
come to be called schools of management thought.
• The Management Process School
• The Empirical or Experience School
• The Human Behavior School
• The Social System School
• The Decision Theory School
• The Mathematical School
• The System Management School
BCH106/ Unit-I 3

4. Management Experience School
• It is also known as Operational School of
Management,Traditional/Universality/the Classicist
approach.
• Henry Fayol is considered to be the father of this
school.
• It considers management as a process of getting
things done through and with people operating in
organizational groups.
• According to this school the management process
divided into five functions such as planning,
organizing, staffing, directing and controlling.
BCH106/ Unit-I 4

5. Criticism
• It says principles are universal but in many
occasions these have failed to stand the test.
• Not much significant for management.
• Principles may not be universal as working
circumstances change.
BCH106/ Unit-I 5

6. The Empirical or Experience School
• Also known as Management by Customs
School/Case study approach .
• The important contributors to this approach are
Earnest Dale and group of researchers from
Harvard Business School and The Management
Associations of different countries.
• As per this school problems could be solved
better by drawing upon the experience of
manager.
• This school enables the managers to develop
analytical and problem solving skill.
BCH106/ Unit-I 6

7. Criticism
• It focuses much on the past.
• There is sharp contrast between past and future.
• It completely neglects the concept of the
theoretical aspect of management.
• To learn through experience is time consuming .
BCH106/ Unit-I 7

8. The Human Behavioral School
• It is concerned with the recognition of the
importance of human element in business
organizations.
• Elton Mayo has made significant contributions to
this approach.
• The studies in this school have highlighted the
relationship between social factors productivity.
• The key concepts of this school are motivation,
leadership and group dynamics.
BCH106/ Unit-I 8

9. The Social System School
• In this approach an organization is considered as a
social consisting of various groups of people.
• Chester Barnard was the father of this approach.
• The main contribution of this school of thought is
its focus on cultural factors in the working of an
organization.
• This approach much concentrated on cooperation
and teamwork among the group members for
achieving organizational objectives.
BCH106/ Unit-I 9

10. The System Management School
• It is based on the generalization that an
organization is a system and its components
are inter-related and inter-dependent.
• The effectiveness of system mainly depends
upon the interdependency and inter-relations of
the various sub-systems.
• The organization is responsive to
environmental effect.
• This approach is better than others because it
is close to reality.
BCH106/ Unit-I 10

11. Features
• An organization is a system consisting of
several sub-systems.
• All sub-systems are mutually related to each
other.
• All sub-systems should be studied in their inter-
relationship rather than in isolation from each
other.
• The organization is responsive to environment
effect.
BCH106/ Unit-I 11

12. Important Questions
Q1.Write short note on :
i) The Management Process School
ii) The Empirical or Experience School
iii) The Human Behavior School
Iv) The Social System School
BCH106/ Unit-I 12

13. References
• Reference Books:-
i) Essentials of Management By Harold Koontz
and Heinz Weihrich
Publisher – McGraw Hill Education, Tenth
Edition
ii) Management Principles and Practice By
R.Srinivasan and S.A Chunawalla
Publisher – Himalaya Publishing House, Revised
Edition - 2014
BCH106/ Unit-I 13

14. BCH106/ Unit-I 14
Thank You