1. picture by Jared Tarbell.
By: Franco, Hector Hugo
quot;Machines take me by surprise with great frequency.quot;
Trinity
- Alan Turing
College
quot;Even matter called inorganic, believed to be dead,
Dublin
responds to irritants and gives unmistakable evidence of a
living principle within. Everything that exists, organic or
inorganic, animated or inert, is susceptible to stimulus
from the outside.quot; - Nikola Tesla
Cited in : http://levitated.net/notes/ECC/

2. Is an extended belief in philosophy that we can only trust what is

in our minds because even our eyes can lie to us with graphical
delusions, the talk will show the opposite idea, we should have a
look to the world to understand for what our brain evolved. And
what is our innate nature.
quot;The Selfish Genequot; (1976) is considered the best popular science

book of the XX century. This talk will cover some selected ideas of
the book and will be illustrated with some computer simulators ,
who will show themselves (artificial life projects) as useful and
clear research methods
The talk will try to explain how life emerged on earth?, why do we

have so many different languages?, why parents usually love their
children?, how animals choose a partner? (sexual selection).
Finally the talk includes some personal reflections in every day

life for high school listeners about freedom and happiness (the
non determinism of the genome), love (and partner relations),
university and future of students life.

3. Introduction
1.
Talk (25 minutes)
2.
Open questions.
3.
Solving the game.
4.
Extras and activities.
5.

4. Take a piece of paper and a pen.
1.
Answer all numbered questions that you will find
2.
in the slides, with the answer that you feel is more
correct.
Do not worry to make mistakes, this is not an
3.
exam, nobody is going to check your knowledge.
Do not worry if you don’t know the answer, some
4.
of them had taken to a researches a long time to
resolve.
EXAMPLE:
You will find the
questions write Q0: Dublin
Q0: which city
inside a cloud Q1:
is the capital
of Ireland? …

5. Participate, these questions are for think
5.
If you have a copy of the slides, do not chat, do not
6.
copy and do not look forward to next slides.
The correct answers will be given at the end of the
7.
presentation with full explanation.
Do not take notes, is every think in the slides and
8.
you can get them. Q3: Did the theory
of evolution explain
Q1: Did the theory
how nature created
of evolution explain
a human step by
the origin of the
step? (y/n)
Earth? (y/n)
Q4: Did the theory
Q2: How of evolution explain
old is the why there are so
Earth? many species? (y/n)

6. Picture by Kieff (wikipedia)
Rules: with x alive
neighbours:
0-1 die
2 don’t change state
3 became alive
4-8 die.
Possible states:
Emergence: how simple rules develop Live and Death
complex structures
Conway's Game of Life

7. Software: Squirm3
Each type of molecule

Live emergence:
has rules which
describe with which
other molecules it
prefers to combine.
(like real chemistry)
After some time

appear some
structures with
capacity to copy them
selves. Q5: which
properties
should a good
By Tim Hutton replicator have?
http://www.sq3.org.uk/wiki.pl

8. I’m going to talk about replicators explaining

that they are selfish because they give the
impression that they want to replicate them-
selves with out care about the rest.
Please note that this is a metaphor in the sense

that genes are not selfish as a table can not be
jealous or happy.

9. From language to alive things
Q6: Did species
want to evolve?
Charles
Darwin

10. Example of Latin.

The language of the
roman empire. Mythology: tower of Babel: (God’s punishment)
Q7: Can you find some
words or expressions that
you usually use and your
father or grandfather
rarely use it?
(write it)
Latin-roman empire, by Amdrei nacu

11. Red = Roman republic 510BC-40BC
Purple = Roman Empire 20AD-360AD
Blue = Western Roman Empire 405AD-480AD
Yellow = Eastern Roman Empire 405AD-480AD
Picture by DieBuche

12. • Kids always was able to talk with her
father.
• But the was accumulating small changes
in their languages.
• When the roman empire split they
accumulate different changes
depending on the region.
• And after a long time….
Picture by DieBuche

13. Romanic languages:
 Latin ( Vatican City )
 Catalan ( North-east of Spain)
 Spanish
 French
 Portuguese
 Italian
 Romanian
 etc
Picture by Justinian43 Wikipedia

14. Evolving creatures with artificial selection
Q8: did you find
evolution in you
language?
Q9:What's
the objective
of live?
Q10:Why
people exist?
Animals have a code which describes how to build them selves up, this code
accumulates some small changes like natural language, some changes are good
and they make the individual more successful, if those individuals are selected for
reproduction we accumulate small improvements in some features.
See in the move how virtual creatures get evolved inside the computer.

15. Let’s see
something
new
Genotype / Phenotype
Gene / Vehicle
Determinism / Freedom
Selfishness / Kindness
Q11: if the important thing is to
make identical copies, why do
animals mix genes with their
partner?

16. All genes together are
A gene is like a football
 
player like one team.
One gene alone can not But some genes are
 
make a leg and one better than others
player alone can not
play a football match.

17. The competition and Imagine the
 
evolution will be competition of two
between genes how players because both
want to be in the same want to be the
position of the goalkeeper of the
genome team.

18. The genome change in The members of the
 
each generation, (kids football team change, so
are not copy of the the team is not always
parents.) but the the same.
genes are always the
same.

19. The code or genes The kitchen of your
 
described a how to house is part of your
build up a body, in phenotype because
the phenotype are your body need more
fixed some details of effort to eat raw food.
the body, like make a
more dark or white
skin.

20. I’m a
gene
FROM OTHER POINT OF VIEW:
Genes, are the basic units who want to

survive.
They are collaborating with each other

to build machines in his own benefit.
The pass in one piece generation to

generation with out changes, Genes live
forever!! They are real replicators
Q12: are all replicators
genes in the genetic
code? Can you fin other
Me too
kind of replicator?

21. The genes build up a

vehicle who is going
to contain them-
selves, and drive them
to futures generations.
That’s why they

should care about the
vehicle

22. Genes define the basics rules:

Emotions, feelings, beautiful things and some goals

Pain is bad. (we can die)

Food is good. (is good for survive).

Spiders are evil (probably in Africa they have poison).

To have kids are good (replication of my genes)

A in a computer the programmers set the conditions

and the genes behaviour should emerge.

23. The genes build the

robot / vehicle that
are going to carry
them, but the genes
do not have solutions
for every thing that
the vehicle is going
find in the word.
We can skip what

genes order to as.
Tal 2780 Vs Fischer 2800 Chessmaster
By ILLUMANOV
http://ie.youtube.com/watch?v=qYznkTZDb
LY

24. 64 .000.000$
QUESTION:
Q13: How does
this theory
explain why
parents love
adopted kids.
By Francisco de Goya By Steve Evans
Bullfighting Mum with her baby
The selfishness of the genes, some times make the
vehicles to do not care or enjoy seeing other species die
which are not dangerous at all. This selfishness some
times look kindness like parents with his kids, because
the kid shared 50% of the genes which each parent

25. Sex make genes to change partners in
each generation.
But with partner?
Q14: A & B have
different sex, male &
female, which is the
sex of B?
Q15: Why did
evolution produce a
full colour plumage?
(is not a useful
A B camouflage)
By Steve, flickr.com

26. We are going to interchange players with other

team, we can not choose the player but we can
choose the team or partners.
Some desired features can be:

Fidelity (care about a kid required a lot of work)

Healthiness & Strengthens: to care about me and my

kids, and there are good features for survive.
Beautiful: if my partner is beautiful probably my

kids will be beautiful too and they will have less
problems to find a new partner.
Q16: Can you imagine with kind of
behaviour will be supported by
nature to produce look Strength?

27. Study will be fare more easier if we were evolved

for that but, 10.000 years ago were not universities
at the Earth.
Any way to get a university degree will help you in

the future (will make easier to get a job) and will
help you to extend the bounders of your knowledge
and culture.
I try to show how computer science can help as to

understand other science like biology or linguistics,
and I want to invite you to go to the university and
became an engineer.
(because my culture want to be replicated on you)

28. By ACM (Association for computing machinery)

29. You can check the

answers.
Pictures of creatures

evolved from in
program Galapagos
with out human design.
Email: francoph@tcd.ie

This talk is base on the

book “the selfish gene”
Self – replicating robot.

31. Q1: Did the theory of evolution explain the

origin of the Earth? (y/n)
NO

Q2: How old is the Earth?

4.55 billion years (plus or minus about 1%)

Q3: Did the theory of evolution explain how

nature created a human step by step? (y/n)
NO

Q4: Did the theory of evolution explain why

there are so many species? (y/n)
YES


32. Q5: which properties should a good

replicator have?
Longevity: more time for replicate.

Fidelity: make good copies of them-selves

Speed: make copies as fast as possible.

Other good properties in evolution will be:

Self repairing

Self defending.


33. Q6: Did species want to evolve?

No, individuals try to copy well them-selves,

evolution is something that just happen.
Q7: Can you find some words or expressions

that you usually use and your father or
grandfather rarely use it?
My word is weak, it was meaning something

bad and now mean something good

34. Q8: did you find evolution in you language?

I hope yes.

Q9:What's the objective of live?

Keep reproducing, and keep existing.

Q10:Why people exist?

Because the genes make a machines to survive

them selves, and we are they surviving
machines.

35. Q11: if the important thing is to make

identical copies, why do animals mix genes
with their partner?
Mixing genes can damage them, but if there is

one selfish mixing gene , who only care about
him, and mixing make him to find a new good
players. He (the mixing gene) will be very
successful ( I say that he is selfish because he
use the others in his own benefit).

36. Q12: are all replicators genes in the genetic

code? Can you fin other kind of replicator?
In humans culture is a very important

replicator.
We like that that our kids not only heritage our

face, we want that they also heritage our
knowledge, our language, our political ideas…
Q13: How does this theory explain why

parents love adopted kids.
For culture reproduction the received do not

need to be our biological kid, can be anyone.

37. Q14: A & B have
different sex,
male & female
which is the sex
of B?
Q15: Why did
evolution produce a
full colour plumage?
A B (is not a useful
By Steve, flickr.com
camouflage)
B is the male Because females are who make
the selection.
If you can avoid predators which
that color you are strong.

38. Q16: Can you imagine with kind of behaviour

will be supported by nature to produce look
Strength?
To get selected by females:

Fights.

Risking behavior: some animals like to “dance” in

front of his predators ( a prove of strength)

40. I want that for the next discursions exercises

you remember that the important things in
alive behaviors is to pass our genes to the next
generation, by genes can be part of our genome
or culture, but for the exercises we only will
work which the first type, because only
humans have a very complex culture.

41. The behaviors can emerge to:

Support the genes.

 Get selected (sexual selection)
 Spread our culture.
 Defend or protect our culture.
 Defend or protect our genes.

42. In the polygamy species, what is
the best for extend genes, to
have kids males or kids
females?
Countries were is recognised polygamy marriage
By brahim-59 Wikipedia

43. It seems in lot of polygamy species that they do

not need most of the males.
But the low probability of a male to have

offspring multiply by the glory of have lot of
females and kids makes that there is equal
good to have males or females for spread
genes.

44. If I’m very old and I need my kids to take

care about me all the time,
what will be the best that I
can do to spread my genes?.

45. Probably if I die I will help my kids giving to

them more time for them selves. (die is a
altruistic way for my kids).
My body can make it easier to get flu.

Conclusion: if you want to make to live longer

to your grand parents:
Let them to know that you want them.

 Make them to feel useful, ask them for help you in
easy tasks.

46. If the propose is to have as much copies as

possible of our genes.
Why we became old?
Why we do not be fertile
forever.
Why our genes do not make as
to live forever?
Why are not a gene to be
younger forever?
By M.D. Vaden of Oregon

47. In my own opinion:
For the same reason why sex exist:
1.
If we live forever (I mean to do not get old, but
able to die for other reasons) evolution can get
stack and other species will evolve faster than
my specie an at the end all my specie will
disappear.
In computer programs dead (by age) make the
2.
specie to evolve faster.
(it is bad for the individual but is good for the
specie).
By M.D. Vaden of Oregon

48. In my own opinion:
Parents risks his live more for his kids than
3.
this kids for his parents because if both
became ancestors usually the parents are
going to die first. (our kids will die later)
We accept to take risks of dead because soon
4.
or later we are going to die anyway. (for
example to be pregnant is risky).
Can be much more difficult to create vehicles
5.
with that much longevity. (do not make sense
for spread genes to live when the individuals
can not reproduce it-self any more).
By Ray Wert

49. If my partner is hansom/pretty probably my

kids will heritage that and they will have less
problems to find a partner.
The plumage of the peacock is an example of a

biological army race for sexual selection,
Peacock Pavo cristatus (male)
By Bs Thurner Hof Wikipedia

50. Usually the gene to

like X and the gene to
produce X tend to
stack together by
sexual selection.
When it happen even

if X feature is not very
good for survive it
tends to predominate
and develop an army
This gene make a long
race.
tail in males
This gene make females Peacock Pavo cristatus (male)
to like long tails By Bs Thurner Hof Wikipedia

51. Usually the gene to like X and the gene to

produce X tend to stack together by sexual
selection.
When it happen even if X feature is not very

good for survive it tends to predominate and
develop an army race.
In humans army race was to develop an

expensive Braine.
In my personal opinion all languages are equal

in complexity and fare more complex than is
need it to communicate because it was a measure
of intelligence for sexual selection.
Neural connexion

52. My princes, I
will stay with I don’t ask you to
you all the kill a fire dragon,
live Just finish the
We house, marry me
don’t and only after that
need all we can have sex.
of this!!
He should
know that if
he leave me
he will build
a new house.
it is dangerous for the
male to mate with a
partner before courtship.
why?
By Annede (www.flickr.com)

53. WHIT WHIT OUT
Is a waste of time Is dangerous for the
 
female because it make
They can use that time

it easy that the male
to produce more kids
leave her alone.
Is dangerous for the

male because the female
can be pregnant and can
make him to care about
kids that are not his
relatives

54. TERRESTRIALS ANIMALS: MARINE ANIMALS:
Statistically is more Statistically is more
 
common that the male common that the female
leave the female alone leave the male alone
with the task of care with the task of care
about the kids about the kids.
The baby stay inside de The female give the
 
female before born. eggs to the male and
run away before he
fertilize them.

55. How a jealous behaviour can
help to spread genes?

56. Sharing my partner is very bad (for me):

If I am a male:

 I can finish taking care about other male’s kids.
If I am a female:

 I can lost my partner.
It make emerge some behaviors:

like domestic violence

 Please remember that we are free, we do not need to do
what our genes says.

57. The biology will support the

individuals who leave his partner
earlier.
In some species raise kids is too much

costly for only one parent. So the
machines have a mechanism for fell in
love.
Does not matter how irrational, dangerous or

kind is love. It is a biological requirement.
Q: did you observe an irrational behaviour in
somebody else when he/she was in love?

58. Love provide security

for the kids, and that’s
the reason way it exist.
In humans the biology

support four years of
romantic love,
because it was the
quantity need for the
kids to became self
helpfully.
Romeo and Juliet's famous balcony scene.
Romeo is in a high risk to be killed by Juliet's family.

59. Probably one of the most tragic acts of love is

described in the bible, when Adam decided to
eat from the tree of good and evilness, because
he prefer to die with Eva than to live alone.
(Helen Fisher)
In humans both sex experiment the same

emotions about love.

60. If I get a depression, how it
can help to me to spread
genes?

61. When we are rejected depression make as to

stay calm and do not attempt to achieve a
partner wasting our energy.

62. Both are important features that I want to

transmit to my kids, but to measure them.
Lets assume the case of the species where the

females race alone the kids
The plumage of the peacock is an example of a

biological army race for sexual selection,
Peacock Pavo cristatus (male)

63. Parasites and virus use the bodies of other

individuals for make copies of the virus or
something in his own benefit and not for help
the genes that are on the body
If I am a parasite/virus what
I should do with the body
infected to spread my genes?

64. Kill the body is not a good idea, because I’m

using it for my proposes.
Some parasites make the body to live longer

because with that they have more time to make
a copies of the parasite.
Some virus as “ravia” make the dogs to walk

into a farther places because it help the virus to
find other dogs to contagiate.

65. Seems that some species call the attention of his

predators, for example dancing in front of
them.
How a risky behaviour can help
to spread genes?

66. Risking behavior is a prove of healthiness and

strengthens.
It can help me to get selected by females


67. Racial discrimination is treating better the

people how are more similar to me than the
others.
How it help my genes?

68. When humans was living in small groups,

racism was a way to discriminate people who
was not a relative

70. All the people who work writing Wikipedia.

Nikiforos Karamanis and Martin Emms for

his feed back when I was developing these
presentation.
This work is base on the book “the selfish

gene”

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