the body

1. THE BODY (2)
Dr. Hayat AL AKOUM

2. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM COVERING OF THE
BODY
 Skin (epidermis,
dermis, subcutaneous)
hair, nails, mammary
glands.
 First line of defense
against disease and
physical hazards

3. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM ROOT
3
• Cutane/o – skin
• Derm/o, dermat/o – skin
• Erythem/o – flushed, redness

4. INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM ROOT
4
• Lepid/o – flakes, scales
• Papul/o – papule, pimple, acne
• Prurit/o, Psor/o – itching
• Py/o – pus

5. MUSCULAR SYSTEM
Muscles give shape and
movement to the body.
 more than 600 muscles
 made up of fibers and
attached to bones by
tendons
 Voluntary muscles - action
controlled consciously
 Involuntary muscles -
operate automatically
 Agonist muscles - produce
an flexor movement
 Antagonist muscles -
contract or bring limb back
to original position

6. SKELETAL SYSTEM
Protects soft organs and
provides structure and
support for body organs
 Contains 206 bones
 axial (skull and spinal
column vertebrae)
 appendicular (arms, legs,
connecting bones)
 Ligaments and Cartilage
- connective tissue that
holds together the
skeletal systems at joints

7. MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
ROOTS
7
• Fibr/o – fiber, fibrous
• Kinesi/o – movement
• Ligament/o – ligament
• Muscul/o, my/o, myos/o – muscle

8. MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM ROOTS
8
• Pale/o – old
• Pyg/o – buttock
• Ten/o, Tenont/o – tendon
• Therapeut/o – treatment
• Ton/o – tone, tension

9. MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM ROOTS
9
• Arthr/o, Articul/o – joint
• Brachi/o – arm
• Burs/o – bursa
• Calcane/o – heel
• Carp/o – wrist
• Centr/o – center
• Cephal/o – head
• Cervic/o – cervix, neck of the uterus
• Cheir/o, Chir/o – hand
• Chondr/o - cartilage

10. MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
ROOTS
10
• Cleid/o – clavicle
• Coccyg/o – coccyx, tailbone
• Cost/o – rib
• Cox/o – hip
• Crani/o – skull
• Cubit/o – elbow, forearm
• Dactyl/o – digit of finger/toe
• Dent/o – tooth, teeth
• Faci/o – face
• Femor/o – femur
• Fibul/o – fibula, small calf
bone
• Geni/o – chin

11. MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM ROOTS
• Lip/o – fat
• Lumb/o – lower back

12. MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM ROOTS
12
• Maxill/o – maxilla, upper jaw
• Om/o – shoulder
• Oste/o – bone
• Ped/o, pod/o – foot
• Pelv/i – pelvis

13. MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM ROOTS
13
• Pub/o – pubis
• Rachi/o – spine
• Sacr/o – sacrum
• Scoli/o – crooked, twisted
• Skelet/o – skeleton
• Spin/o – spinal cord, spine
• Spondyl/o – vertebrae, spinal
cord
• Stern/o – sternum
• Synov/o – synovia, joint fluid
membrane
• Tibi/o – tibia, large calf bone
• Vertebr/o – vertebra

14. MATCH THE TERMS
14
Bursitis
Hydrocephalus
Lipochondroma
Intercostal
Myasthenia
Pygalgia
Arthritis
Craniotomy
Kyphoscoliosis
Myocarcinoma
a. Between ribs
b. Pain in the buttocks
c. Cut into skull
d. Muscle weakness
e. Inflammation of bursa
f. Joint inflammation
g. Humpback/crooked spine
h. Fluid in the head
i. Cancer tumor in muscle
j. Tumor of fat & cartilage

15. NERVOUS SYSTEM
 The neuron is the basic
functional unit.
The brain has over 100
billion neurons.
 Central nervous system
(CNS) – brain & spinal cord
- Peripheral nervous system
–
 Branches from spinal cord
autonomic nervous system
controls the automatic
functions of the body.
 Somatic nervous system
controls the voluntary
actions of the body.

16. NERVOUS SYSTEM ROOTS
16
• Astr/o – star
• Atel/o – incomplete,
imperfect
• Cerebell/o – cerebellum
• Cerebr/o – cerebrum, brain
• Drom/o – running
• Encephal/o – brain
• Esthesi/o – sensation, feeling
• Gangli/o, Ganglion/o – a cyst
on/around joint/tendon
• Gli/o – glue, neuroglia
• Heli/o – sun
• Hydr/o – water, hydrogen
• Keraun/o – lightning
• Log/o – word, speech, thought
• Mening/o – meninges,
membranes
• Ment/o – mind
• Myel/o – spinal cord, bone
marrow