The health system in India faces challenges in sustaining the country's growing population. There are shortfalls across primary health centers, community health centers, and specialist doctors in rural areas. Literacy and access to family planning have improved but fertility rates, child mortality, and unmet need for family planning remain high. Uttar Pradesh has a very large population that stresses its health resources. The document argues that population control laws and strong implementation are needed to help address these issues.
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Can the health system sustain population explosion in india
1. CAN THE HEALTH SYSTEM
SUSTAIN POPULATION
EXPLOSION IN INDIA
DR HARIVANSH CHOPRA
NATIONAL PRESIDENT ELECT IAPSM
PRESIDENT IAPSM UP UK 21-21
FORMER PROF &HOD COMMUNITY MEDICINE
LLRM MC MEERUT 05-11-2021 1
2. CHANGE IS THE ONLY CONSTANT PHENOMENON IN THIS WORLD
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4. WORLD POPULATION (2021 AND
HISTORICAL)
1 1.2
1.6
2
2.55
3
4
4.5
5
6
7
7.8 7.9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1804 1850 1900 1930 1950 1960 1974 1980 1987 1999 2011 2020 2021
World’s
Population
In
Billions
YEAR
1 - 1803 (1803 years): 0.2 to 1 billion
1804 - 2011 (207 years): from 1 billion to 7
billion
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5. INDIA POPULATION (2021 AND HISTORICAL)
0.4 0.45 0.49
0.55
0.62
0.69
0.78 0.83
0.96
1.05
1.14
1.23
1.31
1.38 1.39
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2021
Population
In
Billions
YEAR
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6. Sub-Centers &
Primary
Health Centre
Community
Health Centre
District
Hospita
l
Medical
College
Private
Clinics /
Hospital
Homeopathic
System of
Medicine
Ayurveda System and
other indigenous system
Quacks
6
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8. Required no. of PHC’s Presently
working
PHC’s+
HWCs-PHCs
Shortfall of
PHC’s in no.
Shortfall in
%age
31074 24855 8764 28
8
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9. Required no. of
CHC
CHC in 2019 Shortfall of
CHC in no.’s
Shortfall of
CHC’s in %age
7756 5335 2865 37
9
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10. Required specialist
doctors in CHC in
rural area
In position specialist
doctors in India in
rural area
Shortfall in rural
area
21340 3881 17459
10
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12. FEMALE LITERACY RATE
NFHS – 4 NFHS – 3
Urban Rural Total Total
Women
who are
Literate
81.4 61.5 68.4 55.1
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13. MARRIAGE AND FERTILITY
Characteristics
NFHS – 4 NFHS – 3
Urban Rural Total Total
Women age 20-
24 years
married before
18 years (%)
17.5 31.5 26.8 47.4
Total Fertility
Rate (children
per woman)
1.8 2.4 2.2 2.7
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14. INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY RATES (PER 1000 LIVE BIRTHS)
Characteristics
NFHS – 4 NFHS – 3
Urban Rural Total Total
Infant
Mortality Rate
29 46 41 57
Under 5
Mortality Rate
34 56 50 74
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15. CURRENT USE OF FAMILY PLANNING METHODS
(CURRENTLY MARRIED WOMEN AGE 15–49 YEARS)
Method
NFHS– 4 NFHS – 3
Urban Rural Total Total
Any method (%) 57.2 51.7 53.5 56.3
Any modern
method (%)
51.2 46.0
47.8
48.5
Female sterilization
(%)
35.7 36.1
36.0
37.3
Male sterilization
(%)
0.3
0.3 0.3 1.0
IUD/PPIUD (%) 2.4
1.1
1.5 1.7
Pill (%) 3.5 4.3
4.1
3.1
Condom (%) 9.1 3.9
5.6 5.2
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16. UNMET NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING (CURRENTLY
MARRIED WOMEN AGE 15–49 YEARS)
Characteristic
NFHS – 4 NFHS – 3
Urban Rural Total Total
Total unmet
need (%)
12.1 13.2 12.9 13.9
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17. ANTENATAL CARE
Characteristic NFHS – 4 NFHS – 3
Urban Rural Total Total
Mothers who
had at least 4
antenatal care
visits (%)
66.4 44.8 51.2 37.0
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18. CHILD IMMUNIZATION
Characteristic
NFHS – 4 NFHS – 3
Urban Rural Total Total
Children age
12-23 months
fully
immunized
(BCG,
measles, and 3
doses each of
polio and
DPT) (%)
63.9 61.3 62.0 43.5
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