PRESENTED BY ZAHRA SAADAT and SAIRA FATIMA MSc 3 (2018-2020) Department of MicroBiology & Molecular Genetics University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan

1.  Project of Nanotechnology
 Prepared By Zahra Saadat , Saira Fatima
 Presented to Mis Hira
 MSc III smester

2.  Biomimicry is defined as imitating nature’s
best ideas to solve human problems,many
advnces in nanotechnology and current
research use nature as “inspiration”

3.  Nano-scale patterns on the shark’s skin deflect the
accumulation of barnacles, algae, and bacteria
 Algae and bacteria tend to settle on surfaces and ultimately
establish colonies and biofilms
 Surfaces that prevent the underwater growth of bacteria,
algae, and organisms are known as anti-fouling
 These surfaces are essential for maintaining functional
pipelines, ships, submarines, and other submerged
infrastructures and technologies.
 Scientists and engineers have begun to integrate this anti-
bacterial nano-scale pattern onto high-traffic surfaces
 Sharklet Technologies Inc. has incorporated this pattern
onto railings and door handles in airports and hospitals and
also on medical equipment to reduce bacterial colonization.

4. Nano-scale patterns on shark skin help
prevent bacteria and algal growth

5.  Conventional adhesives are either strong and difficult
to remove, or weak and too easy to remove
 Geckos have the unique ability of strong attachment
with their toes and can easily and rapidly remove its
attachment from surface
 They are able due to the attractive forces of millions of
nano-scale hairs on their toes known as setae and
spatulae
 Scientists and engineers are creating bio-mimetic
materials that take advantage of the increased surface
area as with the gecko nano-scale spatulae
 These materials are being applied to applications
where climbing actions are advantageous, like window
washing and emergency rescue

7.  The field of nanotechnology is still in its
infancy, but if we follow nature’s lead,
nanotechnology and bio-mimicry have great
potential to improve our society in many ways.

8.  The spectacular colors of butterfly wings are
not the product of pigmentation, but of
intricate nanostructures that exhibit very high
reflectivity in the range of visible light
 Scientists and engineers can control color and
reflectivity by manipulating the structure of
matter on the nano-scale
 There is also the potential to use optical
nanotechnologies to bend light around an
object to make it appear invisible

9.  Blue morpho butterfly [wing color due to nano
structures]

10.  Calophrys rubi butterfly [color caused by
nanostructures]

11.  This would be useful in many scenarios,
including eliminating blind spots from cars,
increasing stealth for military personnel, and
for surgical purposes

12.  The nanostructures of Toucan beak inspires
automotive panels that could protect
passengers in crashes
 It also inspired the construction of ultralight
aircraft components
 Exterior of beak is made of nano-sized tiles of
protein keratin ,interior is made of network of
nanosized bony fibers connected by
membrne,which allow beak to absorb high
energy impacts

14.  For 450 millions years spiders have made silk,
protein based nano-materials that self assemble
into fibres and sheets
 If we figure out how to copy this nano-science
feat, scientists would like to use the materials
to create an elevator to space

16.  The Namib Desert beetle is one such clever
critter
 Its shell has evolved microscopic hydrophillic
(water-loving) bumps that attract fine water
droplets in the fog that blows across the desert,
but would not otherwise condense.
 The minute water drops collect more fog,
growing like weeny snowballs until they are
heavy enough to roll down the mounds into
waxy, hydrophobic (water-repelling) channels

17.  A substrate with a teflon-like,
superhydrophobic layer is combined with
charged polymers and silica nanoparticles to
create the opposing textured, absorbent
superhydrophilic pattern.

18.  All these and many more advances are the
result of an inspiration from nature, a more
bright future linked with nano science is not so
far