Aldhafeeri 1 University Men and Women You need to pick one overall subject and talk about it in-depth. Right now you are switching from topic to topic without one overall theme that organizes this paper. I would limit your discussion to just looking at drug use and the stress of college students, or limit your paper to discussing just the ides of how men and women function inside and outside of the classroom and if college favors one gender over another. Currently there are just too many topics being discussed. Your introduction needs to address what you are going to talk about in your paper and then introduce your reader to that topic. You then need to discuss that topic in the body paragraphs of your paper. Your conclusion should include your opinion and summarize all the main points. Abstract According to most researches, there have been reported cases of increase in homosexuality among university men and women. The rise in homosexuality has also been linked to drug and substance abuse. Most of the substances abused were alcohol, tobacco and marijuana. Homosexuality is not a common sexual practice and those who practice it are mostly filled with a feeling of incompleteness or being less normal than others. This in turn affects them psychologically making them feel like rejects of society and at most times resolve to indulge in drug and substance abuse to try console themselves and assist them feel less depressed. In most university students, we can link drug use to homosexuality or psychological distress or both in some cases. In most if not all universities, since time immemorial men have dominated fields such as engineering, law and medicine. These have been thought to be courses for the masculine gender not the feminine. Though as the years have passed by, there has been a recorded increase in the number of women in law faculties mostly. Women have taken charge and are now entering what was usually called the masculine field and are surprisingly doing better than their male counterparts. It has also been reported that there is constant gender discrimination against females who pursue these male dominated courses and programs. In fact, according to Benokraitis, 1998, gender discrimination increases as one goes higher up the educational hierarchy. Women are said to be tender and timid and according to Farley, 1996, they were denied admission to the Illinois bar after being declared unfit for the rude world of law practice. Mainly this is because women have not been accorded the same status and power as men have been given. Such treatment of females may affect them psychologically and make them feel less. Psychological distress mostly leads one to indulging in drug and substance abuse though among peers, it usually is due to peer pressure. Drugs are in many forms; orally consumed, others absorbed through the nasal cavity, some injected into the body using syringes and some applied on the skin and absorbed (Hammes & Haller, 2006). Male.

1. Aldhafeeri 1
University Men and Women
You need to pick one overall subject and talk about it in-depth.
Right now you are switching from topic to topic without one
overall theme that organizes this paper. I would limit your
discussion to just looking at drug use and the stress of college
students, or limit your paper to discussing just the ides of how
men and women function inside and outside of the classroom
and if college favors one gender over another. Currently there
are just too many topics being discussed. Your introduction
needs to address what you are going to talk about in your paper
and then introduce your reader to that topic. You then need to
discuss that topic in the body paragraphs of your paper. Your
conclusion should include your opinion and summarize all the
main points.
Abstract
According to most researches, there have been reported cases of
increase in homosexuality among university men and women.
The rise in homosexuality has also been linked to drug and
substance abuse. Most of the substances abused were alcohol,
tobacco and marijuana. Homosexuality is not a common sexual
practice and those who practice it are mostly filled with a
feeling of incompleteness or being less normal than others. This
in turn affects them psychologically making them feel like
rejects of society and at most times resolve to indulge in drug
and substance abuse to try console themselves and assist them
feel less depressed. In most university students, we can link
drug use to homosexuality or psychological distress or both in
some cases.
In most if not all universities, since time immemorial men have

2. dominated fields such as engineering, law and medicine. These
have been thought to be courses for the masculine gender not
the feminine. Though as the years have passed by, there has
been a recorded increase in the number of women in law
faculties mostly. Women have taken charge and are now
entering what was usually called the masculine field and are
surprisingly doing better than their male counterparts. It has
also been reported that there is constant gender discrimination
against females who pursue these male dominated courses and
programs. In fact, according to Benokraitis, 1998, gender
discrimination increases as one goes higher up the educational
hierarchy. Women are said to be tender and timid and according
to Farley, 1996, they were denied admission to the Illinois bar
after being declared unfit for the rude world of law practice.
Mainly this is because women have not been accorded the same
status and power as men have been given. Such treatment of
females may affect them psychologically and make them feel
less.
Psychological distress mostly leads one to indulging in drug and
substance abuse though among peers, it usually is due to peer
pressure. Drugs are in many forms; orally consumed, others
absorbed through the nasal cavity, some injected into the body
using syringes and some applied on the skin and absorbed
(Hammes & Haller, 2006). Males are mainly found indulging in
drug related activities. Drug peddling is common especially
among male students in search for money. Females are not
directly involved, though they are usually involved in
trafficking them over long distances since they have more
places to hide the drugs on, in or around their bodies compared
to males. Males also involve in drugs due to pressure from their
female counterparts. It is somehow psychological that women
are able to coerce men into doing something compared to same
sex coercion.
Drugs can have undesired effect on students’ mental and
physical health and also affect them psychologically. Mental
health of students has become an important topic especially

3. while students are in their first year they are vulnerable to test,
adjust and set new psychological identities. Psychological
distress is prevalent among students mainly due to increased
anxiety, depression and reasons associated with academic
outcomes and diverse social outcomes later on in life. This
happens in that there is change from high school to university
and the transition of how things run now compared to how they
ran back in high school is totally different. Studies conclude
that women are mainly affected by psychological distress
compared to the percentage of men affected. Girls and women
after adolescence are said to encounter more stressful events in
life compared to males (Dermen, 2004).
From previous researches conducted in the past, there has been
an increase in the number of homosexuals, both male and
female most being in universities. Also research concludes that
drug abuse is rampant among homosexuals. Also there is
rampant spread of sexually transmitted diseases especially
among male homosexuals. Most of these homosexuals engage in
drug abuse since homosexuality by itself is not a natural sexual
act. Some start because of peer pressure, experimentation and
before they know it they are indulged too deep to come out of
it. Some even change their sexual orientation from being
straight to homosexual or bisexual in search for money in that
they practice prostitution. This in turn leads them to a state of
depression where they turn to drugs and substance abuse to try
forgetting their misery.Sometimes homosexuality arises from
previous cases of molestation by the same sex and they end up
being tormented psychologically in the end leading them into
drug abuse. According to Family Research Council,
homosexuals usually engage in unprotected sexual relations
heightening the spread of HIV/AIDS.
From a research carried out by the Family Research Council,
2013, they tell us of how homosexuals attempt to portray their
lifestyle as normal and healthy and that their relationships are
equivalent to their heterosexual partners by all aspects. An
article from the New York Blade news opposed this strongly

4. and deemed homosexuality unhealthy and unnatural. Reports in
a national conference show gay men having the highest risk of
transmitting the most serious sexually transmitted diseases since
they have a common belief that HIV is no longer a life
threatening illness.
It is also notable that female students mostly live in or within
campus while male students tend to desire to live outside
campus. This is usually because men feel restricted by the rules
that apply across most campuses. Female students on the other
hand prefer living within school premises since they feel much
more secure living under guarded premises (Dermen, 2004).
Sometimes especially to people who have not had a lot of
exposure in the past, they find so much freedom which they use
doing irrelevant things at the wrong time and they end up being
messed up. Some indulge in drugs and partying to an extent they
miss going to classes. Some indulge in businesses, both legal
and illegal and at times give up studying. It is important to
teach young men and women before they join campus what they
will encounter and how to handle it lest they fail in life
miserably.
From previously conducted researches, it shows that male
students talked much longer in male predominant classes where
the lecturers were male and majority of class members happened
to be of male gender. From the results obtained, it shows that
men spoke almost two and a half times more than female
student in the same class. The vice versa happens in female
predominant classes. Female students have been seen to be
inspired by having female lecturers and talked almost three
times longer in class. This shows that having same gender role
models can help boost students’ performance at some point
though some classes happen to be dominated by one gender yet
both genders tend to pass almost equally.
Class environment plays an important role in student
development. Sometimes we find that a class may be dominated
by one gender, mostly the male gender in cases such as
engineering, medical and law classes. Sometimes it occurs that

5. men in the class look down upon their female counterparts in
class. This in turn leads to their self-confidencedeteriorating
since the years spent in university play a very important role in
developmental change and impacts majorly how one will be in
future. It was also noted that both female students and female
professionals tend to have lower self-esteem in comparison to
their male counterparts. The effects of having low self-esteem
are carried forward to future life where one gets even afraid to
speak out especially in male dominated areas. Self-depreciation
is a feeling mostly acquired where they are fewer in number
compared to their male counterparts and they tend to keep a safe
and rather silent distance from their male counterparts and
discussions where they are (Dermen, 2004).
Women are considered shy hence in universities; most lectures
do not point them out to answer questions claiming that they
would not want to put shy students on the spot since it usually
has a negative effect. This empathetic sentiment usually
backfires and in the end causes the female students to feel less.
Substantial contributions to discussions are often made at the
beginning of the lesson and as it goes on, other students,
especially the females who are considered shy are hesitant to
join in. not giving the shy students a chance to speak out in
discussions makes them withdraw themselves the more and at
most times them not being active in discussions makes their
performance deteriorate.
It is also notable that in groups of men and women in campus;
women’s groups have a rotary participatory style while men’s
groups are more contest-like in that they compete to see who
spoke more. In women’s groups, the women usually speak for
almost equal periods of time while in the men’s groups, they
take uneven time, compete by raising their voices. Apparently it
is hard for men to give up their habits and so is it for women to
adopt male habits.
Participation in class is directly affected by the above factors
such as drugs and one’s sexuality since they affect one

6. psychologically and at times one ends up developing negative
thoughts towards things. These negative thoughts may go to the
extent of their studies being affected negatively and hence they
end up failing miserably. Universities should organize on how
to organize seminars to help people find themselves sexually for
people who are homosexuals and bisexuals and to help them
change for the better. There should also be several seminars
held to help the youth fight drug use and stop being victims of
drug abuse.
After conducting this research, we still have a few questions to
ask of issues to be addressed
1. How can the epidemic of homosexuality be countered and
stopped from spreading in universities?
2. What can be done to make women feel comfortable taking up
male dominated courses and being in male dominated fields so
that they do not end up feeling less than their male
counterparts?
3. Should universities have programs to help students improve
on their social skills and help them build self-confidence?
4. Should there be programs implemented to help first year
students avoid psychological distress as they enroll in
universities?
5. What should be done about regulating students from using
drugs within campus premises?
6. What should be done to ensure all students pass equally well?
Are having role models of the same gender most efficient in
students passing?
References:
Benokraitis, N. V. “Career Strategies for Women in Academe.”
In L. Collins (Ed.),

7. Working in the Ivory Basement: Subtle Sex Discrimination in
Higher Education. Thousand
Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 2011.
Dermen, Ç. (2004). Masculinity, patriarchy and power relations
Farley, C. H. “Confronting Expectations: Women in the Legal
Academy.” Yale Journal
Of Law and Feminism, 2010, 8, 333–358.
Hammes, J. & Haller, E. (2006). Making ends meet: Some of the
consequences of part-time
Work for college students." Journal of College Student
Personnel, 24(6), 529-535
World Health Organization (WHO) (1998). Gender and health.
Switzerland: Technical paper