Final Proposal

Running head: PROPOSAL 1
Kenneth Smith
Dr. Johnson-Coleman
COM 651
4/25/14
Research Proposal
Introduction
Throughout my college career, I have accomplished many things from achieving my
bachelor’s degree in mass communications to winning four indoor and outdoor MEAC track and
field championships. One accomplishment I am very proud of is becoming a member of Alpha
Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc., at the young age of 19. As a result, I have experienced what goes on
during the day, like community service and organizing events for the student body, and during
the night, like partying and drinking, within a fraternity. Fraternity nightlife brings about
partying, drinking, and what many males believe is important, females. Due to all of these
experiences I want to study binge drinking, or the rapid consumption of 4-5 drinks over a period
of two hours, of fraternity members and its relation to sexual assault and unexpected pregnancy.
Literature Review
Over the past two to three decades the college atmosphere has changed dramatically.
Now, college campuses are filled with various athletics, fraternities, sororities, social gatherings,
and a substance that seems to have been embodied into college culture, alcohol. Students are
beginning to use alcohol to sort of “break the ice” in many social situations, and the problem of
“binge drinking”, or consuming five drinks for a man and four drinks for a woman in a period of
two hours is becoming an epidemic. Kathleen Bogle writes, “According to college students I
spoke to, alcohol makes initiating sexual encounters easier by setting a tone of “kicking back,”

“letting loose,” or “partying”… Without alcohol as a social lubricant, the series of nonverbal
cues used to determine if a potential partner is interested in a hookup could be rather nerve
racking” (Bogle, 2008, p.63). So, as seen in her research alcohol or this “liquid courage” is a key
factor to many of the sexual advances that people initiate or experience while drinking. D.
Grazian is quoted saying, “Binge drinking facilitates hooking up, and hooking up meshes with
heavy alcohol consumption. Among affluent college students in particular, hooking up and heavy
drinking are often part of a partying-centered subculture” (Dowdall, 2009, p.83). With this being
said, on many college campuses fraternities are seen as the party animals on campus, always
having parties, always drinking, and always having members of the opposite sex present. It
seems as though heavy drinking has become an official part of fraternity culture. Larimer states
that, “Specific to alcohol use Greek organizations perceive alcohol use and heavy drinking to be
more acceptable than do members of lighter drinking organizations” (Larimer, 2006, p. 204).
Studies have shown that being in a fraternity can cause students who did not binge drink in high
school to become binge drinkers; around 78% of student who live in a frat house become binge
drinkers and around 61% of students who don’t live in frat houses become binge drinkers
(Caudill, 2006). Movies such as Animal House or Van Wilder portray a fun and harmless
atmosphere for binge drinking, but there is a much darker and dangerous part that these movies
fail to demonstrate. Caudill and his colleagues state that, “Researchers have convincingly
documented higher levels of alcohol use and adverse consequences among students who are
members of fraternities compared with other college students and to same aged peers who are
not attending college”(Caudill, 2006, p.141). Alcohol and binge drinking causes many crimes on
college campuses, such as sexual assault or date rape that can lead to unexpected pregnancies.
Early studies on peer groups and university sexual assault proposed that formal social

institutions, such as fraternities and athletic teams, conditioned adverse ideologies, prompting
members to deem it appropriate to perpetrate sexual assault (Franklin, 2012, p. 1457). Since
members of fraternities want to fit in with their brothers, they tend to abide by the norm for the
said fraternity and do as the others do. Dowdall states, “Alcohol’s public use now happens
largely off campus, in …fraternity houses that have minimal or no adult supervision and where
common sources of supply like kegs or open bottles make ingestion much more than a standard
drink lately” (Dowdall, 2009, p. 91). This sort of “endless supply” of alcohol and minimal
supervision can attribute to lowering the motor functions of women and consequently, make it
easier for unwanted sexual advances to be successfully made. Excessive alcohol use is related to
harm including unsafe or unwanted sex (Larimer, 2004). The national crime victimization survey
(NCVS) data on violent victimizations of college students show that almost 4 out of 10 students
were shown to have been under the influence of alcohol or other drugs, and roughly 40% of
rape/sexual assault offenders were under the influence of alcohol (Dowdall, 2009). The
combination of partying, alcohol, and unsupervised environments increases the chances of sexual
assault or rape to occur. “Party rape is accomplished… through the combination of low level
forms of coercion: a lot of liquor and persuasion, manipulation of situations so women cannot
leave, and sometimes force… these forms of coercion are made more effective by… expectations
that women let loose and trust their party-mates” (Armstrong, 2006, p.492). The problem with
actually calculating the total number of rapes is caused by a term called “gray rape”, where the
motives for rape are not present; gray rape causes the estimates for the amount of women who
are raped to be somewhat askew. Regardless of this fact, the present dangers of binge drinking,
sexual assault and unexpected pregnancies is clearly evident. This study will contribute to the
gap in literature because although there is a vast amount of data on the drinking habits of

fraternity members, there is not much research on the correlation between fraternity binge
drinking and sexual assault. Dowdall states that, “The main predictor of being a victim of violent
crime was participating in a lifestyle with high levels of partying on campus at night as well as
taking recreational drugs regularly” (Dowdall, 2009, p. 66). The fraternity environment is filled
with these high levels of partying, alcohol use and drug use, making this an ideal place for
something such as sexual assault or rape to be possible. This study will dive deep into what
habits are acceptable between fraternity members on the topic of sex and making advances
toward women. In turn, this study looks to find several prevention programs to decrease the
amount of binge drinking a fraternity participates in and protect women from sexual assault that
can result from binge drinking.
Subjectivities Statement
In relation to my research project, I am a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc.,
which is the first black Greek letter fraternity, and my chapter in the fraternity was chartered on
the HBCU Norfolk State University. I have been a member of this organization for three years,
and before I start my research on whether or not binge drinking of fraternity member affects the
rate in which sexual assault and unexpected pregnancies occur, I have to take into account that I
may have some subjectivities on this topic I’m reaching. First of all, my study focuses on
fraternities from PWIs or Predominantly White Institutions; NSU is a black school and might not
have as much diversity as a PWI. I cannot allow this to skew my views on the population of
fraternity members based on ethnicity because each school, whether it is predominantly white or
predominantly black, can have a diverse group of students who are in fraternities. Moreover, I
want to examine which environments increase the chance of the high-risk behavior involving
sexual assault and unplanned pregnancies. I live in what my frat brothers and I call the “frat

house” on campus and throughout my current research I have found that the fraternity house
environment increase the chances of binge drinking and sexual assault. I must realize that these
high-risk behaviors can happen in all frat houses, including mine, as well as in other places
around campus and off campus. Furthermore, since I am studying both white and black
fraternities I must be conscious that no one organization is better than the other. What I mean by
this is I cannot come to the conclusion that certain behaviors are automatically higher simply
because Greek members are predominantly white or black. There are thousands of different
fraternities around the United States with thousands of different chapters in each fraternity. So,
one chapter at ODU can resemble one characteristic of high-risk behavior and another at William
& Mary could resemble another one of these behavior characteristics. As long as I remain aware
of these subjectivities that I have, I believe I can adequately research my topic, with limited bias,
and provide a strong showing of results that can help the problem at hand.
Theoretical Statement
The epistemological and theoretical perspectives I will use for this research study are
constructionism and symbolic interactionism. I am drawn to constructionism because it allows
me to create my own opinions on my research based on what I experience and how I perceive
these experiences into truths. Crotty explains that constructionism is, “The view that all
knowledge, and therefore all meaningful reality as such, is contingent upon human practices,
being constructed in and out of interaction between human beings and their world, and
developed and transmitted within an essentially social context” (Crotty, 2004, p.42). Also, I am
drawn to symbolic interactionism because it allows me to study why certain behaviors are
present in different social groups. Crossman states that, “Symbolic interaction theory analyzes
society by addressing the subjective meanings that people impose on objects, events, and

behaviors. Subjective meanings are given primacy because it is believed that people behave
based on what they believe and not just on what is objectively true. Thus, society is thought to be
socially constructed through human interpretation” (Crossman, n.d., para 2). Both of these
frameworks will greatly enhance my research on whether the binge drinking of fraternities from
PWIs increase the chances of them performing sexual assault and having unexpected
pregnancies. Symbolic interactionism will allow me to study my sample group of 18-20 years
old fraternity members and figure out why they behave the way they do based on the social
environment that they live in. Their personal beliefs, motives, and actions can all be a result of
the people that they surround themselves with. I have heard many people say that becoming a
member of a fraternity “changes” people, so the actual environmental setting i.e., a frat house,
dormitory, etc., can affect the rate that the high-risk behavior is performed. Some questions that I
will be able to pursue are, why do college students binge drink, knowing the health problems and
dangers it can cause in the future? Binge drinking is becoming an epidemic on college campuses
and this framework can help solve the problem to why it is happening. Another question I can
pursue is, does the social environment that fraternity members live in cause them to binge drink
and perform other high-risk behaviors? Throughout my research, I have seen different views on
whether or not living in a frat house causes for more problems like underage drinking and
unwanted sexual advances, but I need to get evidence for myself. All in all, I am positive that
these two frameworks will anchor my research and allow me to examine my samples and the
data collected fundamentally.
Research Design
Purpose/Rationale

There is a lot of data on fraternity members and their risky drinking behaviors. For
instance, Caudill mentions that, “heavy drinking has become a normative part of fraternity
culture, a phenomenon that may selectively attract heavier drinking college-bound students”
(Caudill, 2006, p. 141). Likewise, there is a lot of data on binge drinking and sexual assault.
Larimer states that, “Among individuals ages 18 to 24, approximately 11% meet Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnostic criteria for alcohol dependence. In addition,
excessive use of alcohol is related to substantial harm among this age group, including… unsafe
or unwanted sexual experiences” (Larimer, 2004, p. 203). Unfortunately, there is no data
showing the relationship or correlation between fraternity members binge drinking and the
effects it has on sexual assault or unexpected pregnancies. This study will try and bridge the gap
between the two, the two being fraternity members binge drinking and how it effects sexual
assault and unexpected pregnancies, and try to find strategies to prevent these acts from
happening in the first place.
Statement of ResearchProblem
The purpose of this study is to see if the binge drinking of underage (18-20 year old)
members of fraternities, from PWIs, can increase the chances of sexual assault and unexpected
pregnancies, and to see what factors increase these high-risk behaviors.
ResearchQuestions
I would like to learn does the initiation process put more pressures on students to binge
drink or make sexual advances on the opposite sex? Some students who want to join or have
recently joined a fraternity might think that they have to resemble the same behaviors to be
selected or fit into the said fraternity. Also, I would like to learn which environments increase the
chances of sexual assault or unwanted sex? Environments such as an off-campus fraternity house

can provide for more of a chance to successfully sexually assault or persuade a female to have
unwanted sex than a dormitory, with campus police and residential assistants, can wield.
Furthermore, I want to learn do the characteristics of binge drinking and sexual assault vary
between white and black fraternities? Each fraternity is different and therefore can have different
morals and values when it comes to these serious subjects. More importantly, I would like to
learn what prevention programs can be implemented to try and prevent or decrease the amount of
binge drinking, sexual assault, and unexpected pregnancies? Fraternities are seen as the social
“power houses” on many campuses, and consequently they can have a negative impact on the
student body if they exhibit these high-risk behaviors.
Methods
Site of research. The sites where I will conduct my research are Old Dominion
University in Norfolk, VA, William and Mary University in Williamsburg, VA, and Christopher
Newport University in Newport News, VA. I chose these schools because they have a more
diverse ethnic population than a historically black college or university or HBCU like Norfolk
State University, whose population is mostly African American. Also, these PWIs or
predominantly white institutions have both black and white fraternities, which allows me to have
a wider selection of data to analyze and drawn conclusions from. More importantly, students
who attend PWIs are allowed to pledge into a fraternity in the spring semester of their freshmen
year; whereas, students at HBCUs can only pledge in their sophomore year and beyond. This
allows me to get a younger group of individuals for my test samples.
Data generation. I will present my sample group from each fraternity with 3 different
surveys. All of these surveys will remain completely confidential and anonymous. The first
survey will be a house acceptability survey. This survey, first used by Larimer in her experiment

on the drinking problems of sorority and fraternity members, tests each individual’s perception
of the quantity and frequency that alcohol is consumed and the perception of the acceptability of
heavy drinking in the fraternity that they are apart of. This survey measures the acceptability of
10 behaviors using a 1-7 scale where a 7 is very acceptable. The next survey is the sexual
behaviors survey. This survey will test the fraternity member’s sexual behaviors. Certain
questions will be asked to see if they practice safe sex. Questions will range from: “do you
practice safe sex and if not was alcohol involved?” to “have you ever had a one-night stand to
have you ever forced yourself onto someone while under the influence of alcohol?” The last
survey is the drinking behaviors survey. This survey will test fraternity members drinking
behaviors. The survey will ask if members drink, how often they drink, do they drink for fun and
determine how many drinks they consume on a weekly and bi-weekly basis. From this survey, I
will put each member in categories such as non-binger, binger, heavy binger, non-drinker etc.
After all the surveys have been completed I will randomly select 10-15 participants, from each
university, to have a private phone interview to gain more insight on their drinking behaviors as
well as their sexual behaviors.
Sample and sample selection. My participants will be classified as underage drinkers
and will consist of 18-20 year old male members from the different fraternities. I will send the
chapter presidents a letter/email asking them to participate in my survey for compensation. They
will receive a letter of community service, and one fraternity from each school in my sample will
receive $100 for supplying the most members to the research. My rational for selecting only the
18-20 year old males is because studies have shown that younger college students tend to drink
and binge drink more heavily than their older counterparts. Caudill states that, “According to
Marlatt and colleagues, drinking rates increase significantly from high school to the freshman

year of college, but heavy drinking and related problems decline as students become older and
assume increased adult responsibilities” (Caudill, 2006, p. 143). Moreover, I want to study the
effects on underage drinking and college kids normally come into college at the age of 18 and
the legal drinking age in the United States is 21, so 18-20 is the perfect age group for my
research.
Data Analysis. I expect to analyze my data quantitatively. I will analyze each
participants survey and based on the answers to the surveys I will tally up the information and
put them into specific categories. For example, as I study the drinking behaviors survey I will put
the participants into one of the following categories non-drinker, drinker, binge drinker, and
heavy binge drinker. Each category will have a percent amount for the number of participants
that fall into the categories. After the categories are made I will formulate charts to put the data I
have collected in. From there, I will draw my conclusions and potentially come up with
prevention programs for the problems at hand.
Procedures
I will begin by contacting the universities to get the contact information of each chapter
president from the fraternities of the school. Once I obtain this needed contact information, I will
begin sending emails and letters to the presidents, 3-4 months prior, asking them to participate in
my research, so I can obtain an 85-90 percent participation rate from the fraternities. When the
chapter presidents respond, I will give them the specific instructions to what I need from them. I
will tell each of them I need all the participants to be between the ages of 18-20 and that all of
the information that the participants give me will remain strictly confidential to protect the
secrecy of each individual, as well as the good character of the fraternity itself. I will send the
letter and email every two weeks, to the ones who have not responded, until it is time to begin

the study. Initially, when I receive all of the participants for the study I will separate the
members of white Greek organizations and black Greek organizations, for comparison reasons.
Also, I will combine similar organizations together for another comparison, while still keeping
track of which organization is from which school. For example, I will combine all of the
members of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Inc. from every school into a group of their own. To do
this, I will color code the universities green for William and Mary University, blue for
Christopher Newport University, and silver for Old Dominion University. Once I have separated
the white from the black fraternities, I will contact the chapter presidents and let them know the
date that their organization will be taking part in the three surveys required for the study. The
participants will sit in a quiet room 10-15 people at a time, the room will be temperature
controlled, so that the atmosphere for taking the survey will be the same for all of the
participants, and they will have two hours to take the three surveys. When all of the participants
have completed the survey, I will randomly select 10-15 of the participants, from each school,
and follow up with a phone interview to further test my research topic at hand. After the phone
interviews are over, I will begin sorting my data and placing it into various categories and charts.
For the drinking behaviors survey, the categories will be non-drinker, drinker, binge drinker, and
heavy binge drinker. For the sexual behaviors survey, the categories will be low-risk sexual
behaviors, moderate-risk sexual behaviors, and high-risk sexual behaviors. The participants who
get classified with high-risk sexual behaviors are more likely to attempt sexual assault and have
unexpected pregnancies. For the house acceptability survey the categories are not acceptable,
acceptable, and very acceptable. Those individuals who are categorized as very acceptable
display high-risk behaviors that involve binge drinking, one-night stands, etc. Also, the
categorized data will be placed into charts. There will be a chart for white fraternities vs. black

fraternities to see if ethnicity, even though white fraternities are not made up of all white
members and black fraternities are not made up of all black members, play a part in binge
drinking, sexual assault, and unexpected pregnancies. Also, there will be a chart for each of the
three universities so that the universities’ Greek organizations themselves can be classified as
low, medium, or high risk in terms of binge drinking, sexual assault, and unexpected
pregnancies. For instance, Old Dominion University Greeks as a whole could be low-risk in
terms of the research. Finally, there will be a separate chart for each Greek organization
complied together to show which organizations are most dangerous to join if an individual did
not want to experience these high-risk behaviors. After analyzing all of the data I have collected,
I will begin to brainstorm some productive prevention programs that the fraternities and
universities can implement to prevent or decrease such high-risk behaviors from happening in
the first place. When the experiment has come to a close I will send the letter of community
service and a thank you to the chapter presidents to show my appreciation for participating in my
research, and send the $100 check to the frat from each university who provided the most
members.
Materials
The list of materials are as followed:
Letter/email to chapter presidents see figure 1.1 in appendix
House acceptability survey see figure 1.2 in appendix
Sexual behaviors survey see figure 1.3 in appendix
Drinking behaviors survey see figure 1.4 in appendix
Pens
Temperature controlled room

Risks and Benefits
As far as risks go for the participants, there are not many individual risks because the data
from the surveys will be completely confidential and give them immunity from their chosen
actions. However, if the surveys were not confidential the participants could face expulsion from
the university, as well as, being arrested for committing a crime punishable by law and could
face jail time. On the other hand, because I will be categorizing the data into different charts such
as, by university, by fraternity, and by ethnic group, the individual’s social group or university
integrity could be jeopardized. Moving on the benefits, for complying with my research each
participant’s organization will receive a letter of community service. This letter can be used for
the various conferences that they may go to in the future. For example, in my fraternity, Alpha
Phi Alpha, we collect letters of community service so that we can present them at VACAPAF, an
eastern region Alpha conference, so that we can win chapter of the year. Another benefit is the
organization, from each university, that provides the most members for the research will receive
a check for $100. More importantly, this research can make individuals more aware of the
dangers of binge drinking and how it affects sexual assault and unexpected pregnancies. Students
may think binge drinking and “hooking up” is and everyday part of college culture, but in the
long run it can cause an individual to make a horrible decision that they will have to live either
for the rest of their lives, especially if the said decision involves date rape or sexual assault.
Eventually, I hope that my research will develop various prevention programs that universities
can begin to implement, causing the rate of binge drinking to decrease dramatically amongst
fraternities, and the student body as a whole. Like many researchers have quoted, fraternity
members are the center of university social life. If the programs work for fraternity members

then maybe the rest of the university will begin to follow suit and decrease their high-risk
behaviors as well.
Conclusion
In conclusion, even though many people think nothing of it, binge drinking is an evident
problem in fraternities as well as the student body as a whole. Caudill states that, “Heavy
drinking has become a normative part of fraternity culture, a phenomenon that may selectively
attract heavier drinking college-bound students” (Caudill, 2006, p.141). This in turn could be the
reason why the rest of the college or university students decide to drink in the first place because
they think so highly of the Greek organizations on campus. Hopefully, this research can show the
correlation between how much alcohol a person consumes at one time and how likely they are to
either perform sexual assault or have an unexpected pregnancy. Fraternity members are the
center of the social life on campus, with respect to athletes and student government association,
and many students look up to them; so, if we can stop the problem at the source the followers
will adhere as well. This research can be very fundamental to college student and the
administrators that are in charge of the school. Once all the data is collected and analyzed
programs to prevent the high-risk behaviors can be created and test driven until the best solution
is found. I am confident that this research will answer many questions on the topic at hand and
can change many perceptions on what is right and wrong when it comes to binge drinking and
sex.

Appendix

Figure 1.1
Good Afternoon,
My name is Kenneth Smith and I am doing a study on whether or not the binge drinking
of fraternities increases the chance of sexual assault and unexpected pregnancies, so that I can
develop programs to try and prevent these high-risk behaviors. I am contacting you today
because I am asking if you and the members of your organization will participate in my research.
Specifically, I need members that are between the ages of 18-20 years of age because that is my
focus group for my study. If you agree to participate in the research your members will be
required to take three surveys and might be randomly selected to do a follow-up phone interview.
For participating in my research I will write your organization a letter of community service and
I will be giving the organization from your university that provides the most members to the
survey a check for $100. I look forward to getting back in contact with you and I hope that your
organization will contribute to my research.
Sincerely,
Kenneth Smith

Figure 1.2
House Acceptability Survey
For each question you will mark a number between 1-7 where 1 mean very inacceptable and 7
means very acceptable in the frat house you live in or the organization you are a part of if you do
not have a designated fraternity house. You may ask a question for clarification at anytime
during the survey
1. Drinking until drunk at a party 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2. Hooking up with a random 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
stranger at a party
3. Doing drugs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
4. Getting the opposite sex drunk 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
5. Fighting 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
6. Participate in unsafe sex 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
7. Making opposite sex’s drink 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
stronger than normal
8. Skipping class because of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
a hangover
9. Playing drinking games 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
10. Deciding not to drink 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
11. Drinking on a weekday 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
12. Not talking to the opposite 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
sex at a party
13. Taking advantage of a drunk 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
member of the opposite sex
14. Studying instead of drinking 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
15. Being a virgin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Figure 1.3
Sexual Behaviors Survey
This survey will be used to determine your sexual behaviors. For each question answer with the
response that best suits you in the situation. If you don’t understand any of the questions do not
be afraid to ask for clarification. Please answer all questions accurately.
1. When was the last time you had sex?
a) This week c) Last month e) Other
b) Last week d) Last year
2. How many times a week do you have sex?
a) 0-1 c) 3
b) 2 d) 4 or more
3. Do you practice safe sex? If yes skip to question 6 if no continue to question 4
a) Yes
b) No
4. How often do you have unprotected sex?
a) 1 c) 3
b) 2 d) 4 or more
5. Were you under the influence of alcohol when this happened?
a) Yes
b) No
6. Have you ever had a one-night stand? If yes continue to question 7 if no skip to question
8
a) Yes
b) No
7. Did you consume alcohol during the night this happened?
a) Yes
b) No
8. Have you ever forced yourself onto someone? If yes continue to question 9 if no skip to
question 10
a) Yes
b) No
9. Were you too under the influence to adhere to your partners consent?
a) Yes
b) No

10. Do you have multiple sex partners? If yes continue to question 11
a) Yes
b) No
11. How many sex partners do you have?
a) 2 c) 4
b) 3 d) 5 or more
12. How often do you get checked for STDs
a) Never d) When you think you might have something
b) Monthly e) Other
c) Yearly
13. What would you classify yourself as?
a) Virgin c) Multiple sex partners
b) Sexually active d) Abstinent
14. Have you ever had sex with 2 or more members of the opposite sex at the same time?
a) Yes
b) No
15. Have you ever had a pregnancy scare? If yes continue to question 16
a) Yes
b) No
16. What happened?
a) Unsafe sex
b) Condom broke
c) Other

Figure 1.4
Drinking Behaviors Survey
This survey will be used to determine your drinking behaviors. For each question answer with
the response that best suits you in the situation. If you don’t understand any of the questions do
not be afraid to ask for clarification. Please answer all questions accurately.
1. How often do you drink?
a) Daily d) Never
b) Weekly e) Weekends
c) On occasion f) Other
2. When was the last time you had a drink?
a) Yesterday d) Last Year
b) Last Week e) Can’t Remember
c) Last Month f) Stopped Drinking
3. On average how many drinks do you consume in one night?
a) 1 c) 4
b) 2-3 d) 5 or more
4. Do you drink on the weekdays? If yes continue to question 5 if no skip to question 6
a) Yes
b) No
5. How often do you drink on the weekdays?
a) Once c) 4
b) 2-3 d) Every weekday
6. When you drink do you drink to get drunk?
a) Yes
b) No
7. Do you get angry when you drink?
a) Yes
b) No
8. What type of alcohol do you prefer
a) Liquor c) Wine
b) Beer d) Malt Liquor
9. Do you mix different types of alcohol ie. mixing liquor with beer?
a) Yes
b) No

10. Do you play drinking games?
a) Yes
b) No
11. Have you ever had to go to the hospital because you consumed too much alcohol?
a) Yes
b) No
12. Have you ever driven a vehicle while under the influence?
a) Yes
b) No
13. Have you ever blacked out because you consumed too much alcohol? If yes continue to
question 14 if no skip to question 15
a) Yes
b) No
14. How many times would you estimate this has happened?
a) 1-2 c) 5-9
b) 3-4 d) 10 or more
15. Do you normally drink by yourself or with a group of people?
a) By yourself
b) With a group of people
c) Both
d) Neither

References
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