elt, English Language Teaching, intermediate level

1. CLIMATE CHANGE
Can carbon dioxide produced by humans cause
climate change? This question was first studied
in the early 1900s. Most scientists didn’t think
that the daily actions and lifestyles of humans
could really change the Earth’s temperature. If
they had realized it, they could have taken the
necessary measures long before. Later in 1997
Kyoto Protocol, which is an agreement on our
role in the Earth’s changing atmosphere set
international limits for gas emissions from
2008-2012. Only some countries decided to continue these reductions until 2020. So, carbon
dioxide emissions were more than 50 percent higher in 2019. In my opinion, carbon dioxide
emissions wouldn’t have been more than 50 percent higher in 2019 if all the countries had obeyed
gad reduction agreement. This also shows that if politicians and businessmen had cared less about
money, the climate wouldn’t have changed throughout the world.
Context questions: Please answer the questions according to the text:
1. What did the scientists fail to notice before it is too late?
2. What is the purpose of Kyoto Protocol?
3. What cause the climate change?
Concept Questions
Look at the sentences from the text.
1. If they had realized it, they could have taken the necessary measures long before.
2. In my opinion, carbon dioxide emissions wouldn’t have been more than 50 percent higher in
2019 if all the countries had obeyed gad reduction agreement.
3. This also shows that if politicians and businessmen had cared less about money, the climate
wouldn’t have changed throughout the world.
Polls
1. Which grammatical structures do we use in if clause type 3?
• V2, would/could V1
• had+V3, would/could have+V3
• had+V3, would/could V1
2. When do we use if clause type 3?
In unreal situations in the present
In real situations in the present
In unreal situations in the past
3. What are the THREE functions of if clause type 3? Please, choose more than 1 answer.
• Criticism
• Possibility
• Past habit
• Regret
• Permission
• Speculation
• Prediction
• Request

2. 4. Please, match the functions with conditional types.
ANSWER
1. In unreal situations in the present A TYPE 1
2. In real situations in the present B TYPE 2
3. In unreal situations in the past C TYPE 3