SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 48
STAAD PRO 2007
Izhar Steel
36 Km MULTAN ROAD,
Lahore, Pakistan.
Tel: (92-42) 111-323-111, 5383548, Fax (92-42) 5383770
http://www.izhar.com. E-mail: info@izhar.com
TRAINING-I
∗ STAAD is a comprehensive structural engineering software that addresses
all aspects of structural engineering –analysis, design, verification, and
visualization.
∗ STAAD performs the analysis and design of the structure for different types
of structures, such as trusses, plane, space (3D), floors (2 D plane and but
loads are vertical or out of that plane).
∗ STAAD has two main methods of modeling (input editor (script language)
and/or through graphical environment).
INTRODUCTION
MAIN STEP OF MODELLING
∗ Entering job information.
∗ Building model geometry.
∗ Defining member properties, sections.
∗ Assigning loads (load cases, combinations..)
∗ Defining pre-analysis print out, analysis type, and post-analysis printout.
∗ Defining design parameters.
TUTORIAL:
ANALYSIS & DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS
ANALYSIS & DESIGN OF STEEL
TRUSS
∗ The figure above shows a steel truss from several trusses supposed to cover
a certain area. As shown, the truss has a cantilever part its span equals 4.0m.
The proposed truss depth is 3.0m.The loads as shown, are concentrated at
the truss joints. The values of its load case are shown. Use all the data you
take in the Steel Course for analysis and design.
The STAAD Graphical Environment will be invoked and the following screen
will appear
∗ Entering job information
∗ 2. Building Model (Structure) Geometry
∗ One of the methods that you can create
construction lines and then raw on
these lines the truss members.
∗ Noting that the number of construction
lines is excluding first line.
How to see the Diagram Labels (ex. Node numbers, beam numbers, etc.?
Node and beam labels are a way of identifying the entities we have drawn
on the screen, and very useful when dealing with the output results.
Defining member properties, sections
∗Property: In which we can define or choose sections properties of
the members of the truss.
∗Spec.: In which we can define or choose members specifications.
∗Support: In which we can define the supports properties
(restraints).
∗Load: In which we can define the applied loads, load cases, load
combinations.
∗Material: In which we can define the material properties.(ex. E,
density, etc.)
PROPERTY ASSIGNING
PROPERTY ASSIGNING
PROPERTY ASSIGNING
SUPPORTS
SUPPORTS
SUPPORTS
DEFINING LOADS
DEFINING LOADS
Also, we can define load combinations according to required.
For example, we can create a load combination
1.25 D.L. + 1.5 L.L + 0.8 W.L.
39
ANALYSIS & VIEWING RESULT
THANK YOU!!!

More Related Content

What's hot

Tower design using etabs- Nada Zarrak
Tower design using etabs- Nada Zarrak Tower design using etabs- Nada Zarrak
Tower design using etabs- Nada Zarrak Nada Zarrak
 
COMPOSITE BEAMS.pdf
COMPOSITE BEAMS.pdfCOMPOSITE BEAMS.pdf
COMPOSITE BEAMS.pdfZeinab Awada
 
Chapter02.structural design using staad pro
Chapter02.structural design using staad proChapter02.structural design using staad pro
Chapter02.structural design using staad prodevaraj pavan kumar
 
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HIGH RISE BUILDING BY USING ETABS
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HIGH RISE BUILDING BY USING ETABSANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HIGH RISE BUILDING BY USING ETABS
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HIGH RISE BUILDING BY USING ETABSila vamsi krishna
 
Etabs presentation
Etabs presentationEtabs presentation
Etabs presentationyaasiin123
 
Design of simple beam using staad pro
Design of simple beam using staad proDesign of simple beam using staad pro
Design of simple beam using staad proSHAMJITH KM
 
DESIGN AND ANALAYSIS OF MULTI STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PRO
DESIGN AND ANALAYSIS OF MULTI STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PRODESIGN AND ANALAYSIS OF MULTI STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PRO
DESIGN AND ANALAYSIS OF MULTI STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PROAli Meer
 
Book for Beginners, RCC Design by ETABS
Book for Beginners, RCC Design by ETABSBook for Beginners, RCC Design by ETABS
Book for Beginners, RCC Design by ETABSYousuf Dinar
 
Design and Analysis of Building using Etabs
Design and Analysis of Building using EtabsDesign and Analysis of Building using Etabs
Design and Analysis of Building using Etabsvishal shinde
 
Design & Analysis of G+2 Residential Building Using STAAD Pro
Design & Analysis of G+2 Residential Building Using STAAD ProDesign & Analysis of G+2 Residential Building Using STAAD Pro
Design & Analysis of G+2 Residential Building Using STAAD ProPARAS TANEJA
 
Membrane - Plate - Shell
Membrane - Plate - ShellMembrane - Plate - Shell
Membrane - Plate - Shellneikrof
 
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF G+3 STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PRO vi8 Software
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF G+3 STOREY BUILDINGUSING STAAD PRO vi8 SoftwareANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF G+3 STOREY BUILDINGUSING STAAD PRO vi8 Software
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF G+3 STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PRO vi8 SoftwareAbhinav Verma
 
Post tensioned slabs design fundamentals anas alakhras
Post tensioned slabs design fundamentals anas alakhrasPost tensioned slabs design fundamentals anas alakhras
Post tensioned slabs design fundamentals anas alakhrasAnass Alakhrass MSCEng,PMP,RMP
 
Introduction to Capacity-based Seismic Design
Introduction to Capacity-based Seismic DesignIntroduction to Capacity-based Seismic Design
Introduction to Capacity-based Seismic DesignFawad Najam
 
Etabs tutorial-tall-building-design (1)
Etabs tutorial-tall-building-design (1)Etabs tutorial-tall-building-design (1)
Etabs tutorial-tall-building-design (1)Nitesh Singh
 

What's hot (20)

Tower design using etabs- Nada Zarrak
Tower design using etabs- Nada Zarrak Tower design using etabs- Nada Zarrak
Tower design using etabs- Nada Zarrak
 
Etabs steel-design
Etabs steel-designEtabs steel-design
Etabs steel-design
 
COMPOSITE BEAMS.pdf
COMPOSITE BEAMS.pdfCOMPOSITE BEAMS.pdf
COMPOSITE BEAMS.pdf
 
Chapter02.structural design using staad pro
Chapter02.structural design using staad proChapter02.structural design using staad pro
Chapter02.structural design using staad pro
 
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HIGH RISE BUILDING BY USING ETABS
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HIGH RISE BUILDING BY USING ETABSANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HIGH RISE BUILDING BY USING ETABS
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HIGH RISE BUILDING BY USING ETABS
 
Etabs presentation
Etabs presentationEtabs presentation
Etabs presentation
 
Design of simple beam using staad pro
Design of simple beam using staad proDesign of simple beam using staad pro
Design of simple beam using staad pro
 
DESIGN AND ANALAYSIS OF MULTI STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PRO
DESIGN AND ANALAYSIS OF MULTI STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PRODESIGN AND ANALAYSIS OF MULTI STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PRO
DESIGN AND ANALAYSIS OF MULTI STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PRO
 
Book for Beginners, RCC Design by ETABS
Book for Beginners, RCC Design by ETABSBook for Beginners, RCC Design by ETABS
Book for Beginners, RCC Design by ETABS
 
Etabs notes-pdf
Etabs notes-pdfEtabs notes-pdf
Etabs notes-pdf
 
Design and Analysis of Building using Etabs
Design and Analysis of Building using EtabsDesign and Analysis of Building using Etabs
Design and Analysis of Building using Etabs
 
Design & Analysis of G+2 Residential Building Using STAAD Pro
Design & Analysis of G+2 Residential Building Using STAAD ProDesign & Analysis of G+2 Residential Building Using STAAD Pro
Design & Analysis of G+2 Residential Building Using STAAD Pro
 
Membrane - Plate - Shell
Membrane - Plate - ShellMembrane - Plate - Shell
Membrane - Plate - Shell
 
Staad pro notes
Staad pro notesStaad pro notes
Staad pro notes
 
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF G+3 STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PRO vi8 Software
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF G+3 STOREY BUILDINGUSING STAAD PRO vi8 SoftwareANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF G+3 STOREY BUILDINGUSING STAAD PRO vi8 Software
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF G+3 STOREY BUILDING USING STAAD PRO vi8 Software
 
Post tensioned slabs design fundamentals anas alakhras
Post tensioned slabs design fundamentals anas alakhrasPost tensioned slabs design fundamentals anas alakhras
Post tensioned slabs design fundamentals anas alakhras
 
ETABS manual - Seismic design of steel buildings according to Eurocode 3 & 8
ETABS manual - Seismic design of steel buildings according to Eurocode 3 & 8 ETABS manual - Seismic design of steel buildings according to Eurocode 3 & 8
ETABS manual - Seismic design of steel buildings according to Eurocode 3 & 8
 
Introduction to Capacity-based Seismic Design
Introduction to Capacity-based Seismic DesignIntroduction to Capacity-based Seismic Design
Introduction to Capacity-based Seismic Design
 
Etabs tutorial
Etabs tutorialEtabs tutorial
Etabs tutorial
 
Etabs tutorial-tall-building-design (1)
Etabs tutorial-tall-building-design (1)Etabs tutorial-tall-building-design (1)
Etabs tutorial-tall-building-design (1)
 

Viewers also liked

Design and analasys of a g+3 residential building using staad
Design and analasys of a g+3 residential building using staadDesign and analasys of a g+3 residential building using staad
Design and analasys of a g+3 residential building using staadgopichand's
 
Tutorial Staad-Pro
Tutorial Staad-ProTutorial Staad-Pro
Tutorial Staad-ProNabeh Wildan
 
Asca Perception Data & Surveys
Asca Perception Data & SurveysAsca Perception Data & Surveys
Asca Perception Data & Surveysshashley14
 
IBM Endpoint Manager for Mobile Devices (Overview)
IBM Endpoint Manager for Mobile Devices (Overview)IBM Endpoint Manager for Mobile Devices (Overview)
IBM Endpoint Manager for Mobile Devices (Overview)Kimber Spradlin
 
Top 10 implementation specialist interview questions and answers
Top 10 implementation specialist interview questions and answersTop 10 implementation specialist interview questions and answers
Top 10 implementation specialist interview questions and answersjomdare
 
Web Application Optimization Techniques
Web Application Optimization TechniquesWeb Application Optimization Techniques
Web Application Optimization Techniquestakinbo
 
Mandibular nerve block and mental nerve / oral surgery courses
Mandibular nerve block and mental nerve / oral surgery courses  Mandibular nerve block and mental nerve / oral surgery courses
Mandibular nerve block and mental nerve / oral surgery courses Indian dental academy
 
Telecom Fraud Detection - Naive Bayes Classification
Telecom Fraud Detection - Naive Bayes ClassificationTelecom Fraud Detection - Naive Bayes Classification
Telecom Fraud Detection - Naive Bayes ClassificationMaruthi Nataraj K
 
Strategic review (Sample)
Strategic review (Sample)Strategic review (Sample)
Strategic review (Sample)guestbbb20c4
 

Viewers also liked (12)

Design and analasys of a g+2 residential building
Design and analasys of a g+2 residential building Design and analasys of a g+2 residential building
Design and analasys of a g+2 residential building
 
Design and analasys of a g+3 residential building using staad
Design and analasys of a g+3 residential building using staadDesign and analasys of a g+3 residential building using staad
Design and analasys of a g+3 residential building using staad
 
Tutorial Staad-Pro
Tutorial Staad-ProTutorial Staad-Pro
Tutorial Staad-Pro
 
Asca Perception Data & Surveys
Asca Perception Data & SurveysAsca Perception Data & Surveys
Asca Perception Data & Surveys
 
IBM Endpoint Manager for Mobile Devices (Overview)
IBM Endpoint Manager for Mobile Devices (Overview)IBM Endpoint Manager for Mobile Devices (Overview)
IBM Endpoint Manager for Mobile Devices (Overview)
 
Top 10 implementation specialist interview questions and answers
Top 10 implementation specialist interview questions and answersTop 10 implementation specialist interview questions and answers
Top 10 implementation specialist interview questions and answers
 
Web Application Optimization Techniques
Web Application Optimization TechniquesWeb Application Optimization Techniques
Web Application Optimization Techniques
 
Mandibular nerve block and mental nerve / oral surgery courses
Mandibular nerve block and mental nerve / oral surgery courses  Mandibular nerve block and mental nerve / oral surgery courses
Mandibular nerve block and mental nerve / oral surgery courses
 
Hadoop and OpenStack
Hadoop and OpenStackHadoop and OpenStack
Hadoop and OpenStack
 
Telecom Fraud Detection - Naive Bayes Classification
Telecom Fraud Detection - Naive Bayes ClassificationTelecom Fraud Detection - Naive Bayes Classification
Telecom Fraud Detection - Naive Bayes Classification
 
 Traumatic bone cyst
 Traumatic bone cyst Traumatic bone cyst
 Traumatic bone cyst
 
Strategic review (Sample)
Strategic review (Sample)Strategic review (Sample)
Strategic review (Sample)
 

Similar to Training i-staad pro 2007

group internship ppt.pdf
group internship ppt.pdfgroup internship ppt.pdf
group internship ppt.pdfReddyMaheshbabu
 
STAAD PRO BASIC DETAIL OF WORKFLOW _2602
STAAD PRO BASIC DETAIL OF WORKFLOW _2602STAAD PRO BASIC DETAIL OF WORKFLOW _2602
STAAD PRO BASIC DETAIL OF WORKFLOW _2602Sarvang Pandya
 
Autocad and taad.pro ppt
Autocad and taad.pro pptAutocad and taad.pro ppt
Autocad and taad.pro pptSBSSTC
 
problems on Staad.pro and analysis of a 5 storey building using Etabs
problems on Staad.pro and analysis of a 5 storey building using Etabsproblems on Staad.pro and analysis of a 5 storey building using Etabs
problems on Staad.pro and analysis of a 5 storey building using Etabssrinivas cnu
 
Staad pro internshala ppt for engineering.pptx
Staad pro internshala ppt for engineering.pptxStaad pro internshala ppt for engineering.pptx
Staad pro internshala ppt for engineering.pptxxegedi4561
 
Final
FinalFinal
FinalHfygh
 
STAAD PRO CONNECT EDITION (SUMMER INTERNSHIP TRAINING)
STAAD PRO CONNECT EDITION (SUMMER INTERNSHIP TRAINING)STAAD PRO CONNECT EDITION (SUMMER INTERNSHIP TRAINING)
STAAD PRO CONNECT EDITION (SUMMER INTERNSHIP TRAINING)VishalKumar65606
 
IRJET- Analysis and Design of High-Rise RC Structure in Different Seismic Zones
IRJET- Analysis and Design of High-Rise RC Structure in Different Seismic ZonesIRJET- Analysis and Design of High-Rise RC Structure in Different Seismic Zones
IRJET- Analysis and Design of High-Rise RC Structure in Different Seismic ZonesIRJET Journal
 
IRJET- Comparative Study on Analysis and Design of Regular Configuration of B...
IRJET- Comparative Study on Analysis and Design of Regular Configuration of B...IRJET- Comparative Study on Analysis and Design of Regular Configuration of B...
IRJET- Comparative Study on Analysis and Design of Regular Configuration of B...IRJET Journal
 
Ansys beam problem
Ansys beam problemAnsys beam problem
Ansys beam problemnmahi96
 
Analysis and Design of G+19 Storied Building Using Staad-Pro
Analysis and Design of G+19 Storied Building Using Staad-ProAnalysis and Design of G+19 Storied Building Using Staad-Pro
Analysis and Design of G+19 Storied Building Using Staad-ProIJERA Editor
 
Design of RCC Beam By using C Programming
Design of RCC Beam By using C ProgrammingDesign of RCC Beam By using C Programming
Design of RCC Beam By using C ProgrammingIRJET Journal
 
IRJET- Design and Structural Analysis of Multi Storey Building (Both Commerci...
IRJET- Design and Structural Analysis of Multi Storey Building (Both Commerci...IRJET- Design and Structural Analysis of Multi Storey Building (Both Commerci...
IRJET- Design and Structural Analysis of Multi Storey Building (Both Commerci...IRJET Journal
 
IRJET- Analysis and Design of Multistorey Building (G+3) by using ETABS Software
IRJET- Analysis and Design of Multistorey Building (G+3) by using ETABS SoftwareIRJET- Analysis and Design of Multistorey Building (G+3) by using ETABS Software
IRJET- Analysis and Design of Multistorey Building (G+3) by using ETABS SoftwareIRJET Journal
 
Analysis of simple beam using STAAD Pro (Exp No 1)
Analysis of simple beam using STAAD Pro (Exp No 1)Analysis of simple beam using STAAD Pro (Exp No 1)
Analysis of simple beam using STAAD Pro (Exp No 1)SHAMJITH KM
 
Structural Computer Aided Design and Analysis Professional SCADA Pro 16
Structural Computer Aided Design and Analysis Professional SCADA Pro 16 Structural Computer Aided Design and Analysis Professional SCADA Pro 16
Structural Computer Aided Design and Analysis Professional SCADA Pro 16 Kostas Dimitriou
 
staad-pro-ppt presentation for college project with white background.pptx
staad-pro-ppt presentation for college project with white background.pptxstaad-pro-ppt presentation for college project with white background.pptx
staad-pro-ppt presentation for college project with white background.pptxmahesh515545
 

Similar to Training i-staad pro 2007 (20)

STAAD.pptx
STAAD.pptxSTAAD.pptx
STAAD.pptx
 
group internship ppt.pdf
group internship ppt.pdfgroup internship ppt.pdf
group internship ppt.pdf
 
STAAD PRO BASIC DETAIL OF WORKFLOW _2602
STAAD PRO BASIC DETAIL OF WORKFLOW _2602STAAD PRO BASIC DETAIL OF WORKFLOW _2602
STAAD PRO BASIC DETAIL OF WORKFLOW _2602
 
Autocad and taad.pro ppt
Autocad and taad.pro pptAutocad and taad.pro ppt
Autocad and taad.pro ppt
 
problems on Staad.pro and analysis of a 5 storey building using Etabs
problems on Staad.pro and analysis of a 5 storey building using Etabsproblems on Staad.pro and analysis of a 5 storey building using Etabs
problems on Staad.pro and analysis of a 5 storey building using Etabs
 
Staad pro internshala ppt for engineering.pptx
Staad pro internshala ppt for engineering.pptxStaad pro internshala ppt for engineering.pptx
Staad pro internshala ppt for engineering.pptx
 
Final
FinalFinal
Final
 
STAAD PRO CONNECT EDITION (SUMMER INTERNSHIP TRAINING)
STAAD PRO CONNECT EDITION (SUMMER INTERNSHIP TRAINING)STAAD PRO CONNECT EDITION (SUMMER INTERNSHIP TRAINING)
STAAD PRO CONNECT EDITION (SUMMER INTERNSHIP TRAINING)
 
Staad pro brochure
Staad pro   brochureStaad pro   brochure
Staad pro brochure
 
IRJET- Analysis and Design of High-Rise RC Structure in Different Seismic Zones
IRJET- Analysis and Design of High-Rise RC Structure in Different Seismic ZonesIRJET- Analysis and Design of High-Rise RC Structure in Different Seismic Zones
IRJET- Analysis and Design of High-Rise RC Structure in Different Seismic Zones
 
IRJET- Comparative Study on Analysis and Design of Regular Configuration of B...
IRJET- Comparative Study on Analysis and Design of Regular Configuration of B...IRJET- Comparative Study on Analysis and Design of Regular Configuration of B...
IRJET- Comparative Study on Analysis and Design of Regular Configuration of B...
 
Etabs Syllabus
Etabs SyllabusEtabs Syllabus
Etabs Syllabus
 
Ansys beam problem
Ansys beam problemAnsys beam problem
Ansys beam problem
 
Analysis and Design of G+19 Storied Building Using Staad-Pro
Analysis and Design of G+19 Storied Building Using Staad-ProAnalysis and Design of G+19 Storied Building Using Staad-Pro
Analysis and Design of G+19 Storied Building Using Staad-Pro
 
Design of RCC Beam By using C Programming
Design of RCC Beam By using C ProgrammingDesign of RCC Beam By using C Programming
Design of RCC Beam By using C Programming
 
IRJET- Design and Structural Analysis of Multi Storey Building (Both Commerci...
IRJET- Design and Structural Analysis of Multi Storey Building (Both Commerci...IRJET- Design and Structural Analysis of Multi Storey Building (Both Commerci...
IRJET- Design and Structural Analysis of Multi Storey Building (Both Commerci...
 
IRJET- Analysis and Design of Multistorey Building (G+3) by using ETABS Software
IRJET- Analysis and Design of Multistorey Building (G+3) by using ETABS SoftwareIRJET- Analysis and Design of Multistorey Building (G+3) by using ETABS Software
IRJET- Analysis and Design of Multistorey Building (G+3) by using ETABS Software
 
Analysis of simple beam using STAAD Pro (Exp No 1)
Analysis of simple beam using STAAD Pro (Exp No 1)Analysis of simple beam using STAAD Pro (Exp No 1)
Analysis of simple beam using STAAD Pro (Exp No 1)
 
Structural Computer Aided Design and Analysis Professional SCADA Pro 16
Structural Computer Aided Design and Analysis Professional SCADA Pro 16 Structural Computer Aided Design and Analysis Professional SCADA Pro 16
Structural Computer Aided Design and Analysis Professional SCADA Pro 16
 
staad-pro-ppt presentation for college project with white background.pptx
staad-pro-ppt presentation for college project with white background.pptxstaad-pro-ppt presentation for college project with white background.pptx
staad-pro-ppt presentation for college project with white background.pptx
 

Training i-staad pro 2007

  • 1. STAAD PRO 2007 Izhar Steel 36 Km MULTAN ROAD, Lahore, Pakistan. Tel: (92-42) 111-323-111, 5383548, Fax (92-42) 5383770 http://www.izhar.com. E-mail: info@izhar.com TRAINING-I
  • 2. ∗ STAAD is a comprehensive structural engineering software that addresses all aspects of structural engineering –analysis, design, verification, and visualization. ∗ STAAD performs the analysis and design of the structure for different types of structures, such as trusses, plane, space (3D), floors (2 D plane and but loads are vertical or out of that plane). ∗ STAAD has two main methods of modeling (input editor (script language) and/or through graphical environment). INTRODUCTION
  • 3. MAIN STEP OF MODELLING ∗ Entering job information. ∗ Building model geometry. ∗ Defining member properties, sections. ∗ Assigning loads (load cases, combinations..) ∗ Defining pre-analysis print out, analysis type, and post-analysis printout. ∗ Defining design parameters.
  • 5. ANALYSIS & DESIGN OF STEEL TRUSS ∗ The figure above shows a steel truss from several trusses supposed to cover a certain area. As shown, the truss has a cantilever part its span equals 4.0m. The proposed truss depth is 3.0m.The loads as shown, are concentrated at the truss joints. The values of its load case are shown. Use all the data you take in the Steel Course for analysis and design.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8. The STAAD Graphical Environment will be invoked and the following screen will appear
  • 9. ∗ Entering job information
  • 10. ∗ 2. Building Model (Structure) Geometry ∗ One of the methods that you can create construction lines and then raw on these lines the truss members. ∗ Noting that the number of construction lines is excluding first line.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13. How to see the Diagram Labels (ex. Node numbers, beam numbers, etc.?
  • 14. Node and beam labels are a way of identifying the entities we have drawn on the screen, and very useful when dealing with the output results.
  • 15. Defining member properties, sections ∗Property: In which we can define or choose sections properties of the members of the truss. ∗Spec.: In which we can define or choose members specifications. ∗Support: In which we can define the supports properties (restraints). ∗Load: In which we can define the applied loads, load cases, load combinations. ∗Material: In which we can define the material properties.(ex. E, density, etc.)
  • 24.
  • 25. Also, we can define load combinations according to required. For example, we can create a load combination 1.25 D.L. + 1.5 L.L + 0.8 W.L.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33.
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36. 39
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.