DIGITAL INSTRUMENT BASICS A2D Converter D2A Converter Digital Voltmeter Digital MULTIMETERS Frequency Meter Systems Time & Ratio Measurements Counter/Timers/Frequency Meter

1. Instrumentation and Measurements by David A Bell
Presented By: Engr. FAZAL UR REHMAN
Lecturer Electrical KPTEVTA
Visiting Lecturer COMWAVE INSTITUTE ISLAMABAD

2. Today's Topics
DIGITAL INSTRUMENT BASICS
a) A2D Converter
b) D2A Converter
c) Digital Voltmeter
d) Digital MULTIMETERS
e) Frequency Meter Systems
f) Time & Ratio Measurements
g) Counter/Timers/Frequency Meter

3. A2D Converter

7. D2A Converter

13. Digital Voltmeter

15.  Digital Voltmeter is typical application of a DAC.
Which can use Ramp Type DAC for measurement.

19.  Dual Slope Integrating Type DVM – In ramp
techniques, superimposed noise can cause large errors.
In the dual ramp technique, noise is averaged out by
the positive and negative ramps using the process of
integration.
 The dual slope technique has excellent noise rejection
because noise and superimposed ac are averaged out
in the process of integration.
 The speed and accuracy are readily varied according to
specific requirements;
 Also an accuracy of ± 0.05% in 100 ms is available.

23. Digital MULTIMETER

32. Assignment
 Compare the Digital And Analog MULTIMETERS in
terms of merits and de-merits?

33. Frequency Meter Systems

39. Time & Ratio Measurements

43. Counter/Timers/Frequency Meter

47. Any Question???

48. Thanks For Watching