The acetonic extracts of leaf and stem extracts of Rhynchotechum ellipticum shows good analgesic , anti-diarrhoeal and cytotoxic activity. R. ellipticum possesses significant Antidiarrhoeal and Analgesic activities that support to the ethnopharmacological uses of this plant. This species can be promoted for the large-scale cultivation and marketing for the benefit of the local communities.

1. Phytochemical screening and pharmacological studies on leaf and
stem extracts of Rhynchotechum ellipticum (Gesneriaceae).
‘Research Presentation’
• Presented By
• Name of Student : Md. Faysal
• ID-No: 151-29-760
• Batch: 13th
• Department of Pharmacy
• Daffodil International University

2. OVERVIEW
 Abstract
 Plant Profile
 Methodology
 Objective
 Results and Discussion
 Conclusion
 References

3. Abstract
• The Phytochemical evaluation was determined through qualitative analysis, and indicates the
presence of chemical constituents such as Phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins,
terpenoids and gum.
• Both Leaf and Stem extracts showed promising antidiarrhoeal and Analgesic activity as considered
significant P < 0.001 at 250 and 500mg/kg body weight respectively compare to reference standard
loperamide and diclofenac sodium.
• The cytotoxicity potential Was Determined Using Brine Shrimp Lethality bioassay, and showed an
LC50 of leaf extract as (71.70 µg/ml), stem extract shows (55.0 µg/ml), where the LC50 values of
standard vincristine was (2.63 µg/ml) as positive control Respectively.

4. Plant Profile
Scientific Name : Rhynchotechum ellipticum Local Name :Cheodhima, Paicha, Sattari
Part uses: leaf , stem and Flowers
Synonyms : Rhynchotechum X latifolium
Chelone latifolia
Taxonomical Classification :
Kingdom Plantae
Division Tracheophyta
Class Magnoliopside
Order Lamiales
Family Gesneriaceae
Genus Rhynchotechum Blume
Species Rhynchotechum E. (wall. ex Dietrich

5. Leaves of Rhynchotechum ellipticum

6. The present project work was designed to investigate the promising
pharmacological activity of this plant :
Analgesic activity.
Antidiarrheal activity.
Cytotoxic activity .

7. Methodology
• Phytochemical screening of Rhynchotechum ellipticum was carried out to identify the functional
groups as described. [1,2]
• Percentage protection of acetic acid induced writhing was determined by Ahmed F at all 2004.[3]
• The characteristic of diarrhoeal droppings were recorded by Shoba FG at all 2001.[4]
• The cytotoxicity potential Was Determined Using Brine Shrimp Lethality bioassay. [5]
Analgesic activity test:
Anti-diarrhoeal activity test:
Cytotoxicity activity test:

8. Results & Discussion
Phytochemical Screening :
(+ = Presence ) (- = Absence )
Tested groups Leaf extract Stem extract
Tannins + +
Phenols - +
Flavonoids + -
Saponins + +
Terpenoids + +
Gum + +
Alkaloids + +
Glycosides + +
Test result of the acetone extracts of Leaf and Stem.
(+ = Presence ) (- = Absence )

9. Analgesic activity
Treatment Writhing counting
(Mean±SEM)
% Inhibition
Control 28.5±0.77 -
Standard(Diclofenac-Na) 6.25±0.22*** 78.08
Leaf 250mg 10.25±0.43*** 64.04
Leaf 500mg 9.5±0.58*** 66.67
Stem 250mg 11.75±0.43*** 58.78
Stem 500mg 9.75±0.43*** 65.79
Values are presented as Mean ± SEM (n = 4), ***P < 0.001, which is significant
compared with the control group (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett test).
***Indicates the significance of the result.
Results of Analgesic effect of R. ellipticum leaves and stems extracts on acetic
acid-induced writhing in mice.

10. Antidiarrhoal activity
Effect of leaf and stem extracts of the R. ellipticum on castor oil-induced diarrhoea in mice.
Treatment No. of faecal droppings in 4 h % Inhibition of defaecation
Control (0.35ml/mouse) 21.75±1.18 -
Standard ( loperamide) (10
mg/kg)
7.0±0.37*** 67.82
Leaf 250mg 13.0±0.37*** 40.22
Leaf 500mg 10.25±0.43*** 52.87
Stem 250mg 12.75±0.77*** 41.37
Stem 500mg 10.75±0.57*** 50.58
Values are presented as Mean ± SEM (n = 4), ***P < 0.001, which is significant compared
with the control group (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett test). ***Indicates the
significance of the result.

11. Cytotoxic activity
Treatment Conc.(µg/ml) No. of nauplii taken No. of dead nauplii % Mortality LC50 (µg/ml) LC90
(µg/ml)
Leaf extract 640 10 8 80 71.70 633.50
320 10 8 80
160 10 7 70
80 10 6 60
40 10 5 50
20 10 4 40
10 10 4 40
5 10 3 30
Stem extract 640 10 9 90 55 532.33
320 10 8 80
160 10 7 70
80 10 7 70
40 10 6 60
20 10 4 40
10 10 3 30
5 10 3 30
Vincristine
Sulphate
5 10 10 100 2.63 5.73
2.5 10 9 90
1.25 10 8 80
0.625 10 6 60
0.315 10 5 50
0.156 10 4 40
0.078 10 3 30
Table: Test result of the cytotoxic activity of different acetone extracts of Leaf and Stem

12. Linear equation: y= 0.0712x+44.895; R2=0.6727 [Leaf extract]
Linear equation: y= 0.0838x+45.391; R2=0.6534 [Stem extract]
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
%Mortality
Concentration (µg/ml)
Cytotoxic Effect of Vincristine
Sulphate
Linear equation: y= 12.917x+45.979; R2= 0.7707

13. Conclusion
• The acetonic extracts of leaf and stem extracts of Rhynchotechum ellipticum shows good analgesic ,
anti-diarrhoeal and cytotoxic activity.
• R. ellipticum possesses significant Antidiarrhoeal and Analgesic activities that support to the
ethnopharmacological uses of this plant. This species can be promoted for the large-scale
cultivation and marketing for the benefit of the local communities.

14. References
1. Velioglu YS, Mazza G, Gao L, Oomah BD. Antioxidant activity and total phenolics in selected fruits,
vegetables, and grain products. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry. 1998 Oct 19;46(10):4113-7.
2. Mensor LL, Menezes FS, Leitão GG, Reis AS, Santos TC, Coube CS, Leitão SG. Screening of
Brazilian plant extracts for antioxidant activity by the use of DPPH free radical method. Phytotherapy
research. 2001 Mar;15(2):127-30.
3. Ahmed F, Selim MS, Das AK, Choudhuri MS. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of
Lippia nodiflora Linn. Die Pharmazie-An International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2004 Apr
1;59(4):329-30.
4. Shoba FG, Thomas M. Study of antidiarrhoeal activity of four medicinal plants in castor-oil induced
diarrhoea. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2001 Jun 1;76(1):73-6.
5. Abdul MM, Sarker AA, Saiful IM, Muniruddin A. Cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of the crude
extract of Abutilon indicum. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research.
2010;2(1):1-4.