Aids and does it affect health. What our ancestors Muslim Physicians such Avicenna, Alrazi, and others have said about the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases.

1. F.Alnasir 1
Religious perspectives in
dealing with AIDS
Prof Faisal Al-Nasir, FPC,FRCGP, MICGP, PhD
Vice President
Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
International Society for the History of
Islamic Medicine
1st International Congress of the International
Society for History of Islamic Medicine

2. F.Alnasir 2
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

3. F.Alnasir 3
Medical ethics, morality, and liability
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

4. F.Alnasir 4
Medical ethics is the discipline of
evaluating the merits, risks, and
social concerns of activities in the
field of medicine.
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

5. F.Alnasir 5
Include guidelines for physician's
behavior and attitude, both at the
personal and professional levels.
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

6. F.Alnasir 6
Most religions have come with beneficial
intentions for its followers.
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

7. F.Alnasir 7
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

8. F.Alnasir 8
Medicine is the art concerned with the
preservation of good health, fighting
disease, and regaining the health of sick
people.
Al-Razi (841-926 A.D.) and Ibn Sina (Avicenna, 980-1036 A.D.)
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

9. F.Alnasir 9
Colophon of al-Razi's
Book of Medicine

10. 10
Al-Razi
865-925 AD (251-313 Hijrah)
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS
Code of practice
• quackery and trick
• doctors from roaming around

11. F.Alnasir 11
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS
Fardous AL Hikma
“Paradise of Wisdom”
A book written by ALI IBN SAHL IBN
RABBAN ALTABARI (ABU AL-ḤASAN)
Muslim Scholar from Tabiristan" (838-870
A.D .(

12. F.Alnasir 12
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS
"Life, though short as it may look on this
planet, is still a precious gift from God.
For our soul and spirit to live in our body
for a certain period can be compared to
living in a beautiful, leased apartment or
house. The only thing which the landlord
would like the tenant to do is to live with
certain rules and regulations and do
things to improve upon the apartment or
house rather than destroy it. We have an
obligation to preserve our
life.
Shahid Athar

13. F.Alnasir 13
"A person, who practices art of healing
when he is not acquainted with medicine,
will be responsible for his actions."
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS
Prophet Mohammed (pbuh)

14. F.Alnasir 14
For guidance on Ethical matters, Muslims
turn first to the Qur'an.
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

15. F.Alnasir 15
Doctor–patient relationship is stronger in
Islam than it is in modern medicine.
Sharif Kaf Al-Ghazal,2004
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

16. F.Alnasir 16
Islamic ethics emphasizes on prevention, it
also educate physicians how to deal with
patients and recommends that patient must
be treated with respect and compassion and
that the physical, mental and spiritual
dimensions of the illness experience be
taken into account
Daar & Khitamy,2001
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

17. F.Alnasir 17
Ethical guidelines in Islam are obtained
from a combination of principles, duties
and rights
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

18. F.Alnasir 18
"If anyone has saved a life, it would be as if
he has saved the life of the whole of
mankind."
The Holy Qur’an
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

19. F.Alnasir 19
Adab al-Tabib
“Conduct of Physician”
Ishaq Ibn Ali Al-Ruhawi who lived
around 1200 A.D. and was born in Ruha
of Iraq
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

20. F.Alnasir 20
Adab al-Tabib
“Conduct of Physician”
Describes the physicians
responsibilities related to medical
practice and the ethical issues related to
it.
Ishaq Ibn Ali Al-Ruhawi
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

21. F.Alnasir 21
Adab al-Tabib
“Conduct of Physician”
1. A good listener
2. Avoid of arrogance
3. Respect the patient's views
4. Treat patients equally
5. Examine patients gently
6. Request needed investigation
7. Restrict unnecessary prescription
8. avoid harming the patient
9. Be open and truthful
10. Refer the patient
11. Furnish the necessary information
12. Provide patient necessary reports and information
13. Allow the patient to consult an alternative physician
14. Provide continuous care
15. Insurance of provision of necessary medical care
16. Report any practice, which conflicts with the law or the ethics
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

22. F.Alnasir 22
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Became a major problem in recent years. However, in
many parts of the world the subject of AIDS is taboo
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

23. F.Alnasir 23
– 40 million worldwide infected with HIV
 70% of cases occur in sub-Saharan Africa
High prevalence of disease in Africa – threat to
world stability
 2.5 million are children < 15 y
– 5 million new cases (14,000 infected/day
11 new/minute)
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

24. F.Alnasir 24
 2000 in children < 15 y, 12,000 in
ages 15-49y
 > 95% of new cases in low and middle
income countries
– 3 million AIDS deaths in 2003
– 14 million orphan
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

25. F.Alnasir 25
The impact of AIDS on medical ethics
perhaps can be compared to the impact
of war on medicine itself.
Anthony J Pinching et al,2000
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

26. F.Alnasir 26
Even though AIDS has only recently been
recognized, Islamic writings offered clear
ethical guidance in dealing with patients affect
with similar illnesses.
Ishaq Ibn Ali al-Ruhawi wrote extensively
about ethics in his book, Adab al-Tabib
(Conduct of Physician).
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

27. F.Alnasir 27
Care of AIDS patients from Islamic prescriptive
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS
Abu Bakar Muhammad bin Zakaria al-Razi
865 AD (251 Hijrah)- 925 AD (313 Hijrah)

28. F.Alnasir 28
Care of AIDS patients from Islamic prescriptive
 Obligation to continue caring for AIDS
 Taking preventive measures and education
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

29. F.Alnasir 29

30. F.Alnasir 30
Islamic Approach to the Prevention of
the Spread of AIDS
Marriage
Proscription of sexual promiscuity
Male circumcision
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

31. F.Alnasir 31
Islamic Approach to the Prevention of
the Spread of AIDS
Marriage
"When a man comes to you seeking marriage,
and you are happy with his religious and moral
integrity and honesty, give him your daughter;
otherwise immorality and corruption would
spread among you all."
Prophet Mohammad (PBUH)
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

32. F.Alnasir 32
Islamic Approach to the Prevention of
the Spread of AIDS
Marriage
Proscription of sexual promiscuity
Male circumcision
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

33. F.Alnasir 33
Islamic Approach to the Prevention of
the Spread of AIDS
Marriage
Proscription of sexual promiscuity
Male circumcision
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

34. F.Alnasir 34
Islamic Approach to the Prevention of
the Spread of AIDS
Circumcision has been shown to reduce
male-to-female HIV transmission by 60% to
75%
Goering, Chicago Tribune, 2006
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

35. F.Alnasir 35
Faith in God and religious consciousness can
act as a safeguard against wrong doing and
immoral behavior.
"A person would be devoid of faith when he, or
she, is committing an unlawful sexual act; and
a person is devoid of faith when he, or she, is
drinking."
Prophet Mohammad (PBUH)
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

36. F.Alnasir 36
If we understand the religion of our patients, we
can communicate to them better.
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

37. F.Alnasir 37
Thank
You
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

38. F.Alnasir 38
Avicenna ,Abu Ali Husain ebn Abdallah Ebn-e Sinar Ibn Sina

39. F.Alnasir 39
A Seljuk manuscript from the 13th century depicting
Socrates (Soqrāt) in discussion with his pupils .
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

40. F.Alnasir 40
THE ATTITUDE OF THE MUSLIM DOCTOR TOWARDS
THE PATIENT
 A patient has the right to be visited and treated by
the doctor
 Doctor to be merciful
 The non-capitalization/privatization of medical
care (more as a charity)
 doctors be placed on call
 Health care offered to regain the patient’s
strength and vitality
 The doctor serves as the means through which
Allah would relieve peoples' pains
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

41. F.Alnasir 41
"God has not made for any man two hearts
in his body ...."
Qur'an: 33/4
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

42. F.Alnasir 42
Adab al-Tabib
“Conduct of Physician”
Physician must guard all his five senses
and not use them except for a beneficial
purpose and to repel harm.
Ishaq Ibn Ali Al-Ruhawi
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

43. F.Alnasir 43
VIEWS OF MUSLIM DOCTOR OF
HUMAN LIFE
 Preservation of Human life.
 Preservation of the constituents of Human life.
 Preservation of Human dignity.
 Life-related legislative controls.
 Human-related factors of equality and preference.
 Preservation of the right of life to Non-Muslims
 Maintenance of non-Human life.
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS

44. 44
Al-Razi
865-925 AD (251-313 Hijrah)
Religious perspectives in dealing with AIDS
Continuous medical education and to keep
up with advanced knowledge
Shahid Athar, 1988