2. 1. Bore - A gun barrel.
2. Caliber - The diameter of the gun barrel.
3. Distance determination - The process of
estimating the distance between where a shot is
fired and its target.
4. Grooves - The low areas cut into the barrel.
3. 5. Firearm identification - Includes the
identification of bullets, knowledge of
weapons, the detection of gunpowder on
garments and hands, and estimations of
bullet trajectory and distance.
6. Greiss Test - Uses chemicals to develop
gunpowder residue patterns, particularly
around bullet holes.
4. 7. The Integrated Ballistic Identification System
(IBIS) - A database of digital images showing
the identifying features of bullets and casings.
8. Lands - Raised areas between the grooves in
a gun barrel
9. National Integrated Ballistic Identification
Network (NIBIN) - Created by the FBI and the
ATF using the IBIS
5. 10. Rifling - Spiral grooves cut into the barrel of
a gun in order to make a bullet spin as it is fired.
11. Serial number - Numbers impressed on a
good for identification purposes
12. Tool mark - When a tool comes into contact
with another surface, like a door, and creates a
scratch or impression
6. 13. Precipitin test Used to distinguish
between animal and human blood.
14. Kastle-Meyer color test - Preliminary test to
determine if a stain is blood or not. This test
mixes a sample of the dried substance with the
chemical phenolphthalein and hydrogen
peroxide.
15. Reflected Ultraviolet Imaging System
(RUVIS) Aims UV light at areas where
fingerprints may be to identify them.
7. 13. Visible fingerprints - Created when a
surface is touched after the finger has been in
contact with another substance, such as
blood, ink, or paint.
14. Whorl fingerprints - Have ridge patterns
that are circular in shape with two deltas.
