The 2018 Open Session of the EuFMD Standing Technical Committee was held in Borgo Egnazia - Italy, 29-31 October 2018 . The session theme was on global vaccine security The European Commission for the Control of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (EuFMD), one of FAO’s oldest Commissions, came into being on the 12th June 1954, with the pledge of the sixth founding member state to the principles of a coordinated and common action against Foot-and-mouth Disease.

1. Claire Colenutt
Evaluation of environmental
sampling as a low technology
method for surveillance of
foot-and-mouth disease in an
endemic area

2. Environmental surveillance
Surveillance strategies for infectious disease
- Notifiable diseases
- Clinical surveillance
- Syndromic surveillance

3. Environmental transmission
Room 1
Day 0
C1 C1
Day 2-3
C1
C1 C2
C2
Day 4-5
C3 C3
Room 1
Room 1 Room 2
Day 3-6
C2 C2
Day 6-7
C4C4
Room 3
Day 6-9
C2C2
Day 9-10
C5 C5
C1- Needle inoculated
C2- Direct contact challenge
C3 + C5 – Post-clinical fomite challenge
C4- Pre-clinical fomite challenge
Room 2
C1C1
Room 3
C2 C2
24 hr gap between C1s/C2s and C3s

4. Environmental detection of FMDV in an
endemic setting

5. Environmental detection of FMDV in an
endemic setting

6. Environmental sampling in Kathmandu
• November 2016
• April 2017
• November 2017

7. Lesion age vs. percent positive samples

8. 0
10
20
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Wood Brick Ground Feed trough Metal
%ofpositiveenvironmental
samples
% +ve (outside) % +ve (inside)
Sampling locations
• Generally more likely to recover FMDV RNA from samples collected inside
an animal shelter
• See Emma Brown’s poster for more details on recovery of FMDV from a
selection of surface materials

9. Aerosol sampling

10. Environmental samples
Use of environmental samples with penside tests.
- Lateral flow devices
- Use of TCOR-8 (plus extraction step)

11. KY077612.1 FMDV/O/ BAN/LK/Sa-248/2015
MG972576.1 FMDV/O/NEP 34/2016
MG972570.1 FMDV/O/NEP 28/2016
MG972575.1 FMDV/O/NEP 33/2016
MG972558.1 FMDV/O/NEP /10/2016
KY449054.1 FMDV/O/NEP6/2016
MG972560.1 FMDV/O/NEP 12/2016
KY449050.1 FMDV/O/NEP17/2015
MG972483.1 FMDV/O/ BHU/9/2016
MG972482.1 FMDV/O/ BHU/8/2016
MG983691.1 FMDV/O/ BHU/9/2016
MG972484.1 FMDV/O/ BHU/10/2016
MG972562.1 FMDV/O/NEP 14/2016
KY449051.1 FMDV/O/NEP19/2015
MG972569.1 FMDV/O/NEP 27/2016
MG972568.1 FMDV/O/NEP 25/2016
MG972564.1 FMDV/O/NEP 20/2016
FMDV/O/NEP/Environ-farm6/2017
MG972579.1 FMDV/O/NEP 37/2016
MG972577.1 FMDV/O/NEP 35/2016
MG972548.1 FMDV/O/NEP/18/2015
MG972549.1 FMDV/O/NEP 21/2015
MG972480.1 FMDV/O/ BHU/2/2016
KY077611.1 FMDV/O/ BAN/NL/Lo-245/2015
KX712091.1 FMDV/O/BAN/GO/Ka-236(Pig)/2015
KY077610.1 FMDV/O/ BAN/SI/Sh-234/2015
KY077621.1 FMDV/O/ BAN/TG/Ba-268/2015
KY077613.1 FMDV/O/ BAN/LK/Sa-249/2015
JX070623.1 FMDV/ OTNNa1211 VP1
KC506528.1 FMDV/ O/IND150/2012
KC506529.1 FMDV/ O/IND171/2012
KC506530.1 FMDV/ O/IND193/2012
KP822945.1FMDV/O/ IND70/12
KC506527.1 FMDV/ O/IND141/2012
MG983689.1 FMDV/O/ BHU/12/2012
KC506535.1 FMDV/ O/IND20/2012
KC506537.1 FMDV/ O/IND166/2012
KC506536.1 FMDV/ O/IND53/2012
KC506533.1 FMDV/ O/IND1/2011
KC506534.1 FMDV/ O/IND81/2011
KC506531.1 FMDV/ O/IND227/2010
JX070613.1 FMDV/ OGUK2609 VP1
JX070615.1 FMDV/ OGUK2909 VP1
KY077608.1 FMDV/O/ BAN/DH/Dh-216/2015
KJ206908.1 FMDV/O/ BHU/1/2013
KJ175185.1 FMDV/O/ BAN_TA_Dh-186_2013
MG983690.1 FMDV/O/ BHU/3/2016
KT037119.1 FMDV/O/ BD_Gh_2_2013
KY077604.1 FMDV/O/ BAN/TA/Ma-200/2014
KY077605.1 FMDV/O/ BAN/GA/Ka-212/2014
KC506541.1 FMDV/ O/IND53/2011
KC506542.1 FMDV/ O/IND59/2011
KC506543.1 FMDV/ O/IND62/2011
KC506546.1 FMDV/ O/IND188/2011
99
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81
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99
0.01
Mana Mahapatra, Satya Parida and Jemma Wadsworth
VP1 sequencing from environmental
samples

12. Environmental sampling in goat markets
See poster for more information:
ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING: A
SURVEILLANCE TOOL FOR FOOT-
AND-MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS IN
MARKET PLACES

13. Environmental detection of FMDV
• Additional sampling – recovery of live virus for further characterisation
• Use of NGS to determine viral content of samples
• More sampling in markets to highlight how these sampling methods can be
used to supplement surveillance
Advantages Disadvantages
Detection of FMDV beyond
clinical signs
Low viral titres compared to
clinical samples
Low tech and non invasive Extraction step required for use
with mobile PCR.

14. Acknowledgements
The Pirbright Institute
Emma Brown
Simon Gubbins
Jemma Wadsworth
Mana Mahapatra
Satya Parida
David Paton
The Met Office
Noel Nelson
EuFMD
Jenny Maud
Bishnu Adhikari
Keith Sumption
Ministry of Livestock Development, Nepal
Sharmila Chapagain Kafle
Mukul Upadhyaya
Samjhana Kafle Pandey
Defra project SE2816
The EuFMD real time training
programme was funded by
the Department of Agriculture
and Water Resources,
Government of Australia and
facilitated by the Department
of Livestock Services,
Government of Nepal.