2. Development in the
community does not happen
by chance. It is the result of
deliberate and concerned
efforts by denizens who see
the need for planned changes.
Unless the community
residents are united in this
endeavor, little or no progress
can be seen
3. PLANNING AND
ITS NATURE
Planning is a process of
determining what is to be
done, when and where it
should be done, who should
do it and how it should be
done.
6. 1.Formulation/
statement of
vision, mission,
philosophy, goals
and objectives
STEPS IN PLANNING
A VISION is the picture of what we want to realize.
The primordial task which we “carry upon our
shoulders” is what we call our MISSION. This serves as
the focus of all our activities in the organization.
PHILOSOPHY serves to unify the members and in most
instances, rationalizes the actions and decisions they
make for the organization.
GOALS are broad statements of aims for the
organization. They are long-range purposes and may not
be attained within a year or so.
OBJECTIVES, on the other hand, are specific, immediate
aims the attainment of which will redound to the
fulfillment of the organizational goals.
7. 2. Scan the
environment
STEPS IN PLANNING
1) Internal environment - existing
conditions within the community/
organization.
2) External environment - conditions
outside of the community/
organization.
9. 3. Identify
needs/
problems
STEPS IN PLANNING
Environmental scanning inevitable results in
the identification of
needs/problems/constraints.
Identified needs should be prioritized on the
bases of the degree of seriousness of the
problem (or extent of need) availability of
financial resources, and magnitude of benefits
to be derived from the activity/project.
It should be borne in the mind that
thecommunity residents should be actively
10. 4. Formulate
alternative
courses of
action
STEPS IN PLANNING
There is, definitely, a need to
brainstorm on the suggested
alternatives for certainly, each
proponent would want to have his
suggestion/solution be adopted.
At any rate, discussions on suggested
solutions should focus on how
workable and practical are such
alternatives.
11. 5. Undertake
a contingency
planning
STEPS IN PLANNING
A contingency plan is a substitute plan
just in case the original plan fails.
Basically, it answers the question: “If
this activity or strategy fails, what shall
we do?
12. 6. Implement
the plan
STEPS IN PLANNING
It is to be noted that there are key
personnel who are tasked to carry out
activities or projects.
The planners should refer to their
schedule of activities and should, as
much as possible, implement the
strategies formulated earlier.
13. 7. Monitor and
evaluate the
plan
implementation
STEPS IN PLANNING
In this stage, progress or project status
reports should be submitted to the
overall coordinator (manager) of the
development project
14. 8. Re-plan, if
necessary
STEPS IN PLANNING
It is important that the planners go
over the formulated goals/objectives
as well as the identified
needs/problems as they attempt to
revise their plan.
15. ACTION PLANNING
ACTION-ORIENTED
SHORT-RANGE MEANT TO ADDRESS THE
IMMEDIATE PROBLEMS OF THE
LOCALITY.
It highlights very specific activities and
strategies, hence, it is expected that
outputs desired will be accomplished.
17. Objectives
These are the
immediate aims
which the
organization seeks
to attain.• These
purposes should
be aligned with
the goals set in the
comprehensive
plan
19. Target Outputs•
Very specific aims
expressed in
quantitative
terms.• With the
targets properly
stated, it is easy to
monitor and
evaluate
accomplishments.
