Kasserine Pass Research Paper

Kasserine Pass Research Paper
1. DEFINE THE SUBJECT: THE BATTLE OF KASSERINE PASS
a. The Allied forces consisted of U.S. II Corps led by Major General Lloyd Fredendall, the British
6th Armoured Division led by Major–General Charles Keightley and other parts of the First Army
led by Lieutenant–General Kenneth Anderson while the Axis forces whom were primarily from the
Afrika Korps Assault Group, elements of the Italian Centauro Armoured Division and two Panzer
divisions detached from the 5th Panzer Army were led by Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel.
b. The Kasserine Pass is located in the Grand Dorsal chain of the Atlas Mountains in west central
Tunisia.
c. The Battle lasted from 14–24 February 1943.
2. REVIEW THE SETTING:
a. Causes of the Battle of Kasserine Pass:
Under the British Army headed by Lieutenant–General Kenneth Anderson, the Allied forces in the
battle at Kasserine pass consisted of the II Corps of the U.S. Army and were commanded by Major–
General Lloyd Fredenhall. It was on the 8th of November 1942 that the Operation Torch of British
and American forces landed in Algiers by Eastern Task Force commanded by Major General
Charles W. Ryder, Center Force commanded by Major General Lloyd Fredenhall in Oran, and
Western Task Force ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The most glaring instance of this reliance occurred shortly before the Battle of Kasserine Pass
commenced, when intelligence officers of Allied Force Headquarters misinterpreted Ultra
information that ran counter to what was being reported by other sources of intelligence. Through
Ultra intercepts, the AFHQ intelligence officer (G–2) learned of the large German buildup behind
the Eastern Dorsale and expected an offensive soon, but believed Rommel would attack further to
the north at Fondouk, with diversionary attacks at Faid and Gafsa (D'Este). As a result, combat
commands of the U.S. 1st Armored Division were shifted northward to Fondouk to meet the
perceived
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Why Was Erwin Rommel A Hero
With the men surrounding you performing atrocious acts would you stand out from the crowd,
would you refuse the orders of your superiors for the greater good of your men. This is how Erwin
Rommel, a Nazi general, stood out from the people around him, became a hero even though he was
on the wrong side of history, and how he has affected many future events.
To begin on, Erwin Rommel stood out and rejected the Nazi generals that he worked with in many
ways. Although, many people said he was as inhumane and hateful as the rest of the people and he
was a full supporter of the Nazi religion. Erwin rommel was considered to be a rejector of the Nazi
religion and ways. According to www.britannica.com "Rommel had specified that no political
paraphernalia be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He also was known to not be a part of the Nazi party. Rommel was also different from the Nazi
generals by disobeying from orders many times even when they were directly from Hitler himself.
According to http://www.history.com "Despite his reverence for Hitler, Rommel disobeyed for fear
his force would be completely annihilated" this shows that Rommel would disobey Hitler for the
better of his troops instead of letting them die because Hitler wanted to make a point. Also, when
Hitler ordered Rommel to exterminate people that Hitler deemed inferior he did not attack or
capture them. Rommel stood out from his fellow generals in the way he would treat his prisoners
when he captured them. Citing www.historylearningsite.co.uk " Rommel required that the

Break Dancing Research Paper
One of the first famous Hip Hop Deejays was Dj Kool Herc. He was an 18 year old Jamaican
immigrant who introduced huge sound systems of Jamaica to many parties in the city of New York.
He used two turn tables to blend percussion based beats with older songs and popular dance songs
to create a continuous flow of music. Along with Kool Herc other Deejays such as Grand Wizard
Theodore, Afrika Bambaataa, and Grandmaster Flash. These Deejays were also known for being the
first to isolate the break beat (the part of the song where there is just drums keeping the beat) to
open up the dance floor freestyle dancing. This later gained its title Break Dancing. Often time's
contests were started to see who the best Break Dancer was. This style of dancing

Why Is Hip Hop Important In Everyday Life?
Music has always been an influence in everyday life for every race and ethnicity since the beginning
of time. As the human race evolved, so has the musical landscape. Music in the past was used to tell
stories and express significant events, but todays musicians still portray everyday life in their music.
Since the emergence of hip hop in the early seventies in New York, it allowed the voices of Blacks
and Hispanics to express their daily struggles through music. That's why hip hop plays a key part in
many peoples' everyday lives because it gives them a way to express how they feel and the
circumstances they are in. Hip Hop was a gateway that gave young creative minds an avenue to
express what they were going and living through every day. This

Hip Hop In South Bronx
Hip–Hop is a cultural movement that emerged from the dilapidated South Bronx, New York in the
early 1970's. The area's mostly African American and Puerto Rican residents originated this
uniquely American musical genre and culture that over the past four decades has developed into a
global sensation impacting the formation of youth culture around the world. The South Bronx was a
whirlpool of political, social, and economic upheaval in the years leading up to the inception of
Hip–Hop. The early part of the 1970's found many African American and Hispanic communities
desperately seeking relief from the poverty, drug, and crime epidemics engulfing the gang
dominated neighborhoods. Hip–Hop proved to be successful as both a creative outlet for ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The intention behind Mr. Moses' plan was the transformation of Manhattan into a center city that
was connected directly to the suburbs via roadways built over the outer boroughs. Mr. Moses
advocated the elimination of mixed–use cities by the creation of roadways making the locations
easily accessible by automobile. Essentially creating a suburban utopia free of the externalities
associated with congested city life and a commercial center city free of the hindrance associated
with mixed land use (Homolka 2010). The most significant of the newly constructed transportation
network was the Cross–Bronx Expressway, a road cutting through the heart of the Bronx. To make
way for this expansive construction project the city employed eminent domain, displacing upwards
of 60,000 local residents. Uprooted residents, mainly impoverished African American and Puerto
Rican families without enough resources for better housing winded up in the expansive public and
subsidized housing of the South Bronx. Once a safe haven for the upwardly mobile first and
second–generation immigrants in the prewar era, the Bronx was not always thought of as one of the
nation's poorest slums. The shifting post war economy took its toll on the once thriving
manufacturing businesses

Lasting Impacts of Funk and Disco
The Lasting Impacts of Funk and Disco
The transition from the 1960's to the 1970's was a rough one. A decade characterized by the
supposed defeat of poverty and racism as well as the conquest of space, was subsequently and
surprisingly followed by a decade of chaos and disorder in the world. The country was running out
of promise, the troops were running out of Vietnam, and the President was running out of office.
Luckily however, the emergence of great music simply could not be affected by the unfortunate
economic and social issues going on in the world at the time. The surfacing of both funk and disco
characterized the time period starting from the late 1960's into the 1970's, and although each music
movement had its own style, its own ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The film actually became extremely popular not only in the United States, but all over the globe. Its
soundtrack, written by the Bee Gees, reached number one on the charts in the United States, Europe,
and Asia. Travolta became an idol to millions of people, and a well know sex symbol for people in
the Western world for many, many years. Another one of the major differences between disco and
funk is the fact that disco had a much more impactful crossover appeal on other styles of music.
Disco's popularity led to many artists to record disco–like songs. Obviously, their songs weren't pure
disco, but pop or rock songs with disco influences. Finally during the late 1970's, the world saw the
decline of disco. The movement that was characterized by "shiny, glittery surfaces; high heels and
luscious lipstick; jam–packed jeans and cut pecs," (Shapiro 3) was finally coming to an end. It
started as a strong anti–disco sentiment developed among rock fans and musicians, particularly in
the United States. The heightened hostility took the form of small riots in various places around the
country, graffiti, and t–shirts voicing the protestors' hatred toward it. Then, the day that disco died
came on July 12, 1979 during Disco Demolition Night. An anti–disco demonstration in Chicago
resulted in horrid consequences and havoc in Comiskey Park, as well as other parts of Chicago.

Afrika
Afrika Theme Essay
As it may seem, things don't always turn out as expected; and that's exactly how it went during
Kim's unpredictable journey throughout her mother's home base, South Africa. In the book Afrika,
Kim's experiences don't always go as planned and she may always need a backup in her pocket. In
the story, things don't always go as expected when, Riana and Kim have to stay in Lions River for
extended time, Kim finds out her father kept her a secret from others, and lastly how her feelings
changed from the beginning to the end of the book.
There are many examples of how the book Afrika corresponds to the theme, 'things don't always go
as expected.' One way is... When Riana and Kim end up staying in Lions River for extended time. ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One piece of evidence I found in the beginning of the book is when Kim says, "Remember, I didn't
jump for joy coming here either," (3). Towards the end of the book Kim's attitude resolved and she
never wanted to leave Africa. In the text its says, "don't forget about us when you return to Canada
(Oom Piet). My girl, you are always welcome on the Milky Way Farm. [...] she did not know when
she would see him again," (177). Kim was very glad she had been brought to Africa. This piece of
evidence represents Kim's feeling on going to Africa towards the beginning of the book, towards the
end though, her mood changes, and she ends up being again, very glad she came. Towards the
beginning though, Kim seemed completely bummed that she had to be dragged to Africa. This
evidence connects to the theme in many ways. Kim thought she would absolutely dread her
experience in Africa. She was counting down the days until she left to head back to Canada. In the
end, she NEVER wanted to leave because of all the the wonderful, risky adventures that took

The History of Disk Jockey's
In 1935, American commentator Walter Winchell coined the term "disc jockey" (the combination of
"disc", referring to the disc records, and "jockey", which is an operator of a machine) as a
description of radio announcer Martin Block, the first announcer to become a star. While his
audience was awaiting developments in the Lindbergh kidnapping, Block played records and
created the illusion that he was broadcasting from a ballroom, with the nation's top dance bands
performing live. The show, which he called Make Believe Ballroom, was an instant hit. The term
"disc jockey" appeared in print in Variety in 1941.[5]
In 1943, Jimmy Savile launched the world's first DJ dance party by playing jazz records in the
upstairs function room of the Loyal ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Turntablism, the art of using turntables not only to play music, but to manipulate sound and create
original music, began to develop.
In 1974, Technics released the first SL–1200 turntable, which evolved into the SL–1200 MK2 in
1979, which as of the mid–2000s remains the industry standard for deejaying. In 1974, German
electronic music band Kraftwerk released the 22–minute song "Autobahn", which takes up the
entire first side of that LP. Years later, Kraftwerk would become a significant influence on hip hop
artists such as Afrika Bambaataa and house music pioneer Frankie Knuckles. During the mid 1970s,
Hip hop music and culture began to emerge, originating among urban African Americans and
Latinos in New York City. The four main elements of hip hop culture were MCing (rapping), DJing,
graffiti, and breakdancing.
In the mid–1970s, the soul–funk blend of dance pop known as Disco took off in the mainstream pop
charts in the United States and Europe, causing discotheques to experience a rebirth. Unlike many
late 1960s, clubs, which featured live bands, discotheques used the DJs selection and mixing of
records as the entertainment. In 1975, Record pools began, enabling disc jockeys access to newer
music from the industry in an efficient method.
In 1976, American DJ, editor, and producer Walter Gibbons remixed "Ten Percent" by Double
Exposure, one of the earliest commercially released 12" singles (aka "maxi–single"). In 1977, Hip
hop DJ Grand Wizard Theodore invented the

Analysis Of The Great Migration Reflections On 'By'step...
The New Victory Theater produces the history of the Great Migration to light with its second
production of the season, Step Afrika!'s The Migration Reflections on Jacob Lawrence. Directed and
Choreographed by Jakari Sherman, the production highlights the historical movement in the early
20th century of African Americans to the North from the South. Founder and Executive Director C.
Brian Williams takes legendary artist Jacob Lawrence's colorful, influential paintings and brings
them to life. Through the use of African traditional stepping, tap dance, and powerful percussion, the
cast takes the audience through the brave journey of these migrants' years ago. With it's New York
Premiere November 10th to 26th, it makes for a pronounced experience for the whole family.
Bringing both a sense of history and thrilling dance forms Step Afrika!'s The Migration Reflections
on Jacob Lawrence calls the attention of the audience to a simpler period. Based on the series of
sixty paintings by Jacob Lawrence in the year of 1941, all demonstrating the relocating of millions
of people from the rural South to the industrial North. With his commanding paintings now
celebrated in both the Museum of Modern art in New York and Washington D.C's Phillips Memorial
Gallery, C. Brian Williams felt they needed to be celebrated in ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
enters the stage to perform The Migration, I think of my Grandmother and her never–fulfilled desire
to "Go West" from Texas to the perceived paradise of sunny California. I think of Jacob Lawrence
and his family, making the journey "Up North" and allowing young Jacob to attend art schools
where he could develop a talent that may have never seen light in the Jim Crow South. And... I think
of the hundreds of thousands of brave migrants who left Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana and
elsewhere by any means available, making the first "free" choice of their entire lives and
transforming the United States of America through their

4 Elements Of Hip-Hop
The 4 Elements that Hip–Hop is comprised of is Graffiti, B–Boying, DJ'ing and MC'ing. Each
element played an integral role in establishing the base of Hip–Hop, but also jumpstarting a cultural
revolution. It is important to break down each one of the 4 Elements so we can have a better
understanding of what each one is and the specific contributions they made. Graffiti was born in
Philadelphia in the 1960s and involved artists spray–painting writings or images onto various pieces
of property. "Cornbread" and "Cool Earl", from Philadelphia, are cited as the originators of the
graffiti phenomenon. New York City wasn't a part of the graffiti game until the early 1970s. Some of
the early notable NYC artists include "Julio 204" and "Joe 182". Traditionally graffiti was used as a
means of self–expression and oftentimes as a political message. Graffiti's spirit of rebellion and
creativity helped align it with the other elements of Hip–Hop even though it is often condemned as
vandalism, anti–social and destructive. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This form of skill and expression originated from the Bronx, NY and was created by a DJ known for
spinning at block parties by the name of DJ Kool Herc. While breaking is normally performed by
one B–boy at a time they often form groups known as crews. Some of the early legendary crews
include the New York City Breakers, Dynamic Rockers and the world famous Rock Steady

Analysis Of Chopped And Screw
Houston, Texas is the hometown of an artist who pioneered an innovative genre of rap. Robert Earl
Davis Jr., better known as DJ Screw, birthed this genre by experimenting with turntables at a young
age. To Davis, there was precision in making his beat stand out from the others. His experimentation
led to the creation of what he called Chopped and Screwed. DJ Screw's interpretation of ideal rap
music governed not only the genre, but artist throughout Houston. During the 90's, Chopped and
Screwed had a notable effect on musical, social, pharmaceutical, and cultural aspects in Houston
which are still being expressed today. Rap before Chopped and Screwed, like Miami bass, was
usually upbeat with a fast tempo. Few artists during the early ... Show more content on
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To have a more intense and emotional experience with Chopped and Screwed, listeners often paired
it with sipping lean. Chopped and Screwed and lean complemented each other very well. DJ Screw
and other related Houston rappers often promoted lyrics about abusing lean. This made drinking the
substance socially acceptable and popular. Jesse Serwer, author of "DJ Screw: From Cough Syrup to
Full–Blown Fever" stated, "that's just the culture down here and a way of life". From then on,
"Sipping Lean" became a staple in the lives and music of Houston's artists and listeners. The impact
of Chopped and Screwed ventures on into the change of Houston's culture. Chopped and Screwed
for Houstonians was and still is a cultural identity. For example, June 27th is the day Houston
habitants celebrate DJ Screw. That is how important he is to rap music. Artist such as Drake have
produced remixes from one of DJ Screw's most memorable songs, June 27th. DJ Screw mixed and
mastered the beat and various artist freestyled over the beat. Many Houston artists supported the
movement DJ Screw spearheaded because it influenced the culture remarkably. The start of Screwed
Up Click also greatly shaped Chopped and Screwed. DJ Screw, the leader of the group, invited other
Houston rappers to join. Some of the original members included, but were not limited to, Big Moe,
Fat Pat, Mike D, Botany Boyz, and Big Hawk. Other members who

African Influence On Hip Hop
Reggie Garcia
November 2nd, 2016
Music of Africa
African Influence in Hip Hop In the 1970s the shockwave that would be known as hip hop rose
from the economic situation of New York City, especially the black and Latino neighborhoods.
However, while hip hop music was born in the Bronx, it both is part of and speaks to a long line of
black American and African cultural traditions. Many observers also make a connection between rap
and West African griot tradition, the art of wandering storytellers known for their knowledge of
local settings and superior vocal skills. Additionally, rhymed verses are an important part of African
American culture in both the public and private realms. A great influence of rap and hip hop which
many might overlook ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This African term is defined as rapping or fast pace speaking. This can involve rhyming patterns or
jokingly clowning or making fun of one another. This is where America gets the term "Roasting"
from and many know it as verbal battle between individuals mostly for entertainment and fun. For
its musical grooves, early hip hop incorporated elements of the party–based sound–system
subculture popular at the time in Jamaica. DJ Kool Herc also brought a form of the verbal art of
"toasting" to his parties. Jamaican DJs excited crowds by making up short raps to the beat of music,
adding "vibes" to the party. The toasts often referred to people in the crowd or to events at the party
itself. Dodd took rapping to Jamaica and Herc brought toasting back to the United States, where it
quickly became known as rap, the verbal side of hip hop music.
Afrika "Bam" Bambaataa fused the R&B music of James Brown, the funk of George Clinton, and
even the sometimes synthetic and cold European electronic music of groups like Kraftwerk to create
songs like "Planet Rock" and "Looking for the Perfect Beat," and helped deepen the musical roots of
hip hop as a

Simpson's Bambaata A Review Of Hip-Hop
1983: "Afrika Bambaataa spins the wheels of steel, his vintage scratching skills and guru–like vibe
turning Chic's Good Times into a mass call–and–response. As fists pump the air and a smile appears
on every face, a sweaty Liverpool rock venue is transformed into a euphoric New York block party."
(Simpson). A scene from his 1982 global tour, where Bambaataa brought the principals of his
Universal Zulu Nation abroad, Simpson exclaims on how Bambaataa, former gang warlord, founder
of the black nationalist Universal Zulu Nation, and "Master of the Records" got thousands of
oppressed people from all different parts of the worlds, to pump their fists to a synchronized beat,
soon to be distilled in one message: peace, love, unity, and having fun. Simpson describes, in his
review for The Guardian newspaper, Bambaataa as "the hand that guided ... Show more content on
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Simpson's review emphasizes Bambaataa's ability to bring people together, to get everyone's "fists
pumping", placing "a smile ... on every face", alluding to the transcendence of racial differences
through the intersection of music movements hip–hop and rock, the merging of peoples in the
1980s. In the 1970s, hip–hop was as a voice for marginalized African American and Puerto Rican
youth. This movement was a generational revolt against the status quo, and in the midst of it
becoming global, it became commercial, about making money. Rather than valuing the music's
effects on the people, as the review of Bambaataa did, TOURE shows how the 1980s–1990s music
industry had begun to commercialize it, stripping it of its focus on the backbeat and transforming it
into something else. Rather than reflecting the voices and needs of youth at the time, it became
something unachievable – above the people, effectively diluting its political

Violence In Hip Hop Music
Hip hop music and its artists are often criticized by some for glamorizing violence and being
questionable influences on today's youth. However, these artists and the dancing styles tied to their
music have not always been the same. In its roots, hip hop was originally designed to do just the
opposite. Originating on America's East coast, it was meant to distract the youth from the gang
violence riddling their neighborhoods and promote healthy competition through the popular art of
'break–dancing'. Break–dancing along with the art of 'graffiti' meant that these neighborhoods had a
different means of competition rather than getting into fights, gun battles and other forms of
violence to decide which neighborhood was better. As the rhythmic beats ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Boogaloo Sam and his crew the Electric Boogaloo's are credited as being the first to 'pop'. Popping,
often confused with 'locking', is when the performer uses quick yet fluid contractions of muscles to
match the rhythm of the music. This in turn has an illusionary effect that resembles the fluidity of
liquid water. On the other hand, Cambellocking– now usually referred to as just locking– is quite the
opposite of popping. Locking can be described as popping but for longer periods of time, creating a
less fluid and more staccato look to the moves. Locking was first made famous by Cambellock and
his crew The Lockers in 1969. Other street styles have developed from the western coast of the
United States, also.

North African Campaign Essay
When someone mentions World War Two the first thing that comes to mind is probably D–Day or
Pearl Harbor or maybe even Berlin, while the North African Campaign is often forgotten. Three of
the notable campaigns that occurred in Africa at this time were Operation Torch, Operation Tunisia,
and the Western Desert Campaign; These campaigns took place from June 10th, 1940 to May 13th,
1943. When talking about any war or great struggle, there are three things to know: who were
influential figures of this struggle, what methods or types of warfare they used, and what were the
important victories or defeats. During the second world war, waged on the second largest continent
in the world, there were people who literally changed the outcome of this great struggle. Two of
these people were: Bernard Montgomery fighting for the allies, and Erwin Rommel, the infamous
Desert Fox fighting for the axis.
Montgomery saw action in the First World War as a junior officer of the Royal Warwickshire
Regiment, however this ended prematurely when he was shot through the lung by a sniper. He later
returned to the front three years later in 1917 as a general staff officer before ending the war as chief
of staff of the 47th (2nd London) Division. During the Second World War he commanded the British
Eighth Army from August 1942 in the Western Desert until the final Allied victory in Tunisia in
May 1943. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Blitzkrieg in a literal sense means "lightning war" meaning that they would use speed and confusion
to upset the enemy forces. Rommel is credited as being the one who perfected the art of war known
as Blitzkrieg and for good reasons. It's believed that Rommel and Guderian were told under the
command of Hitler to disobey their superiors and to push the front, leaving their flanking forces
behind them to create confusion and surprise for the enemy. Rommel used this method of

Differences And Similarities Between Hip-Hop And R & B
R&B Vs Hip–Hop
As we know Hip–Hop and R&B contain many similarities they also share many differences. I am an
individual who sees the beauty and greatness in all music, but happen to be passionate about two
genres, Hip–Hop and R&B when I listen two these genres I tend to notice the differences and the
same that they have. The two music genres, Hip–Hop and R&B Shares many similarities and
differences especially involving the lyric and the tone and/or melodies.
R&B was created by African Americans at the end of World War II (1941–45) and the early 1960's
from Soul music, Jazz, Gospel, Pop music and Blues as time went on R&B was born. In its earlier
days, R&B Music was all about racial issues, and artists gave a lot of importance to the style and
arrangement, which included different instruments and rhythms to produce different types of
sounds. The result was lively music that had catchy lyrics and was widely used in dance parties. The
music (even today) covers the topic of love, happiness, dancing, and relationships. In the early 60's
to present day there's been great R&B artist from (Etta James, Jill Scott, Maxwell, usher, Erykah
Badu, Diana Ross, Janet Jackson, Babyface, Marvin Gaye, Tina Turner, Isaac Hayes, Barry White,
Patti LaBelle, Luther Vandross, Whitney Houston, and Prince). These artists pave the way for new
R&B artist today.
Like any style of music, hip hop has roots in other forms, In the Bronx in the early 1970s DJ Kool
Herc, AKA the "Father of Hip Hop,

Afrika Sparknotes
The author of Afrika, Colleen Craig, wrote this book in 2008. Craig is a Canadian author who lived
in South Africa in the 1980s, and returned to Canada in 1991. In Afrika, Craig's first novel, she used
a similar setting for the main character Kim. The story takes place in present day Cape Town, South
Africa. Thirteen–year–old Kim leaves Canada and travels to Africa with her only parent – her
mother, who is a journalist working in the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Kim has very little
knowledge about her father and her past, and when she comes to Africa, she meets a classmate
named Themba. He promises Kim to help find her father, and Kim is surprised by how Themba
makes a lot of effort, even more than Kim herself, to their search. Themba's ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Also, Kim was very judgemental and unreasonable in the beginning of her stay in Africa. As Kim
and Themba begin their search for Hendrik, they find a man in the prison of Robben Island who was
named Hendrik Fortune. When they meet Hendrik, Kim sees that he is "colored". Themba freely
started a conversation with him, because he tolerates others' differences. But Kim reacted differently
– she thought "His skin was dark copper brown and toughened by the outdoors. His eyes were as
black as night. This man could not possibly be Hendrik Fortune." (pg. 106). From the first glance,
Kim judged him by his appearance and refused to talk to him. This shows that Kim is overcritical
and she often jumps to conclusions just by the first glance. As the story unfolds and Kim finds more
and more clues about her father, Kim became curious and inquisitive. On pg. 140, when Kim leads a
horse back to the farmhouse, she accidentally sees her mother and grandfather arguing. Instead of
moving on like she could have done, she eavesdropped on them – "Kim strained to hear the
conversation. What was going on?". She does this because she is

Analysis Of The Movie ' The Get Down Where Shaolin...
The Get Down establishes inherent norms over time, creating rules that viewers internalize as
defining the show's storytelling strategies. For example, how each episode starts off with Zeke's
older self rapping a recap of the prior episode in a front of full audience at Madison Square Garden
in New York. Being defined as a musical comedy and gritty prestige drama , if there was an episode
in The Get Down where Shaolin Fantastic is not spinning turntables, Zeke is not rapping, or Mylene
isn't singing, it surprises the audience. Episodes that violate these norms stand out by in violating
fan expectations. Because this is a common for the first half of the first season, viewers would
expect music and drama in the second half. To understand The Get Down in its narrative
importance, viewers must be operationally familiar to the show's storytelling norms and consider the
importance of individuality inside a formal narrative system, positing claims about how
dysfunctional and dramatic it was to be a teenager of color in the capitalism dominated society of
New York. The Get Down tells its stories by combining formal techniques of typical mainstream
genre program, providing its dedicated young–minded fans an additional level of pleasure to be
explored via the operational aesthetic. According to Jaden Smith, when asked about the new Netflix
show, he says: "I mean I was totally in because I, I saw that this was gonna be educational for
people that were watching, especially the youth

Hip Hop, AAnd Creative Aspect Of Music
Breaking through in the heart of the Bronx, Hip Hop was designed to empower and teach the youth,
while providing them an outlet for creative expression. Developed on five essential pillars, all
working towards: giving African Americans knowledge that they didn't have access to, inspiring
them to read and acquire true knowledge of self, and to understand the role that self has in America
in relation to the actual worth of self. Since the inception of Hip Hop, the genre has evolved through
the times while transcending new depths aligned with its original pillars.
An innovator in a sense, DJ Kool Herc founded Hip Hop by the early 70's. MC's, DJ's,
breakdancing, graffiti and music encompass the five pillars of Hip Hop. Modern inversions interpret
these pillars in many different ways. Prevalent through all major cities, graffiti evolved to the murals
on the side of buildings, and the creative aspect of music videos. Artists have visions interpreted in
the way they decide to imagine their visuals. Breakdancing has become the advance dance crazes
that sweep the nations. People in Japan are hitting the "Nae–Nae" because of Hip Hop's mass
globalization. MC's are the talk show host and commentators of award shows and hosts of events
and red carpet specials: media. Dispersion of Hip Hop through channels that connect Blacks across
different scopes happens through the media. Modern day DJ's introduce the new music with sets that
keep nightclubs jumping from dawn to dusk. Displaying the

The Cycle Of Socialization ( C.o )
1) Define & describe the Cycle of Socialization (C.O.S), & the Cycle of Liberation (C.O.L). Explain
how they relate to how Hip Hop has been shaped, giving two examples from either reading and/or in
class. – The Cycle of Socialization is the cycle in which shapes who we are mentally, morally, and
characteristically. The first step in the COS, is the Lens of Identity. This is where the person is
socialized through their own personal lens, or they are taught on a personal level. Examples of this
is one's peers, teachers, or family. There is usually unquestionable trust in these people. The second
step is Institution & Culture, where we are bombarded with subliminal messages by these two
factors each day. Institution, would be things such as School, a Business, or the Media (one of the
largest in the institution factor). Culture, would be things like what we have done in class, such as
studying lyrics, language, & patterns of conscious and unconscious though. The last step, is the
Lens of Experience. This is one of the most important, because we have now become experienced in
life, and know many things that many may not ever know. With this though, we have two choices of
what we can do. The first choice, is to do nothing; we can remain stagnant, and 'go a long to get
along' because that is the easier way to do things. Or, we can cause change, raise consciousness, and
interrupt the stagnant problem & help with fixing it. When we do this though, it leads into the next
cycle,

Field Marshal Rommel: Success And Achievements
Field Marshal Rommel
In this report I will go over Rommel's life as well as his success and downfalls. He played a major
part in the German army of WW|| and made many tactical decision which resulted in victories.
Early life
Field Marshal Rommel was born in Heidenhiem, Germany on November 15, 1891. His mother and
father were Helene von Luz and Professor Erwin Rommel. He was educated locally and showed a
strong technical aptitude at an early age. Even though Rommel wanted to pursue engineering, his
father encouraged him to join 124th Württemberg Infantry Regiment. This meant he was sent to
Officer Cadet school in Danzig. He then graduated the next year as a lieutenant. He met his future
wife, Lucia Mollin, during his schooling. They got ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He had to withdraw back to the German bridge head in Tunis and by 1943 Hitler had ordered him
home.
Deceased
On July 17, 1944 during an invasion battle Rommel's car was attacked by British fighter bombers
and was forced off the road. Rommel was hospitalised with serious head injuries but by August he
had recovered sufficiently and returned home to convalescence.
On July 20, 1944 there was a failed attempt on Hitlers life which relieved Rommel's contact with
the conspirators. Hitler didn't want the 'people's marshal' to appear in court as an enemy and therefor
taken to the gallows.
Instead Hitler sent two generals to Rommel and offered him poison in assurance that his and is
family's name would be not be spoiled if he avoided the trial.
On October 14 Rommel took the poison, ending his life and was later buried with full military
honours.
Conclusion
In conclusion, field marshal Rommel was a widely respected man by both his enemies and friends.

He was a great success even when he failed and his skills and tactics helped Germany to gain an
advantage in specific parts in the war. He was a great friend of Hitler and an overall good

Clover Mama Afrika Research Paper
The Clover Mama Afrika initiative aims to restore some of the best aspects of African tradition into
modern life, such as caring for one another, passing on skills and protecting the young, weak, aged
and. The project places emphasis on assisting people in disadvantaged communities to learn to help
themselves so that they may regain their pride while establishing self–sustaining livelihoods so that
these people may become valuable members of their communities. The Clover Mama Afrika ethos
is "Ukwakha Isizwe", which means building and nurturing our nation. The Clover Mama Afrika
programme has tried to achieve this by empowering community caregivers with viable skills which
they can pass on to others so that they too can earn a sustainable income

Hip Hop Subculture
A. As discoursed in lectures, preceding literary collections, and films, hip–hop is beyond just 'rap': it
is a philosophy with a history determined by countless inspirational and influential themes and
communities. The term 'hip–hop' was said to have been produced by Keith Cowboy, a rapper within
Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five, and the subculture apart from this genre of music was said
to have been first established through Zulu Nation and Afrika Bambaataa. By now, it is understood
that the elements of rapping or 'signifying' were primarily developed by African Americans in West
Africa and that the music and culture was brought to America around the 1970s. It was at this time
that block parties befell admired in New York City, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When sampling technology and drum machines became widely available to the public for a cheaper
price, hip–hop began its development into a further distinct entity apart from R&B. These
techniques, and other turntablist methods (scratching, mixing, breaks, etc.) were also influenced
from Jamaican dub music. Within NYC, performances of spoken word poetry had an impact quite
large on the post–civil rights era of 1960s–1970s, thus creating the outcome of hip–hop music. As
time progressed and techniques became more evolved, DJs and MCs sought out to vary and improve
their original styles, branching out the recognition of hip–hop across America. It was also during the
early 1970s that "b–boys and b–girls" made their interruption, dancing in the front of the audience at
popular block parties. Movies such as Style Wars and Wild Style were produced at this time and
truly showed the beginning of a fast growing culture. However, the music of hip–hop had roots
other than from the geographical locations of Africa and Jamaica. One of the additional main
influences was disco music, including the distaste for

Gangster Rap: The Birthplace Of Hip-Hop
Hip Hop first started in the 1970's in The Bronx, New York at DJ Kool Herc's apartment. DJ Kool
Herc was throwing a house party and used a unique turntable technique to start and develop Hip–
Hop. Hip–Hop would start to inspire and become really popular among many young people in New
York. Eventually, Hip Hop would evolve into a culture that would include music, lifestyle, and new
ways of expression for people. Hip Hop started thanks to DJ Kool Herc. At a party in his apartment
complex when he tried a turntable technique that extended the drum beat and he started rapping in
the background. This event was known as the "Birthplace of Hip–Hop". After Hip–Hop was born it
started to get popular right away. Hip–Hop was being shaped by b–boys(break ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nicki Minaj said in a song, "I ain't coming out for less than 100 thou". She is saying that she will
not do a show or perform if she doesn't receive 100,000 dollars. (http://rap.genius.com/). Hip–Hop
is also a result of cultural violence. It serves as a voice for people of groups that are oppressed by
others. An example could be Rap, most rappers express themselves in their music and they talk
about what happens around them. Jack White said "I consider music to be storytelling, melody and
rhythm. A lot of hip–hop has broken music down. There are no instruments and no songwriting. So
you're left with just storytelling and rhythm. And the storytelling can be so braggadocious, you're
just left with rhythm.". Jay–Z stated "...this generation is the least racist generation ever. You see it
all the time. Go to any club. People are intermingling, hanging out, having fun, enjoying the same
music. Hip–hop is not just in the Bronx anymore. It's worldwide. Everywhere you go, people are
listening to hip–hop and partying together. Hip–hop has done that"(www.brainyquotes.com). Jay–Z
is saying that Hip–Hop also brings people together. It bring people of different backgrounds, races,
and economic statuses

Essay about Breakdancing
Breakdancing
The history of choreography is also very important Any choreography that seems new, fresh and
different is usually a variation of something that has been done before. As long as men and women
have lived upon this earth, they have danced. The art of movement is among the oldest of the arts.
So for eight months I've been learning the skills of hip hop and breakdancing by going to at a hip
hop club at every week where I learned the basic skills of breaking like how to top–rock and six–
step. B–boying is a form of hip hop dancing which is popularly known as breaking. It consists of top
or up rock, footwork, spinning moves (power moves), and freeze. B–boying came from Bronx, NY.
The term "B–boy" or "B–boying" was created ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Because of these reasons, Rock Steady Crew suggests that footworks–emphasiezed style should be
the direction of breaking of 90s. Breaking is the most popular style of hip hop dancing and it has
been spreading all over the world while new school dancing such as hip hop and house limited to
big cities in the US and Japan. See examples of freezes history It was late 60s , early 70s when
people started a sort of b–boying. Their dancing was called "Good Foot" from James Brown's record
of the same name. The Good Foot was the first freestyle dance that incorporated moves involving
drops and spins, and resembled the beginning s of breaking. Breakin seems so different from all
other kinds of dancing that the first question people ask when they see it is: "Where did these kids
learn to dance like that?" To many people, this dance seems to have come out of nowhere. But like
everything else, Breakin did come from somewhere, something and someone. In the case of
Breakin, the someone is the great superstar, James Brown, and the something is the dance, the Good
Foot. In 1969, when James Brown came out with the Hustle which was the big dance style of the
day and he performed, he did the kind of dance you'd expect James Brown to do. High Energy
which was almost acrobatic. By the time the Good Foot became the new dance style, the tradition of
dance battle was well established. Dancers would gather at places like Harlem World on 116th
Street in Harlem and

Dizzy Nyce Research Paper
One of the hottest up and coming hip hop artists out right now is Nyzzy Nyce. Born and raised in
small town Fort Wayne, Indiana. He now currently lives in Los Angeles, California. With him
becoming one of the first aspiring rappers to make a name for himself outside of the Midwest,
Nyzzy uses that to connect with his fans on a more personal level. Nyzzy has worked rigorously
hard on improving and progressing not only as a rapper, but as an artist. His solo mixtape debut was
entitled, "Nothing Nyce," and definitely emerged onto the hip hop scene with hits like, "Live It Up,"
"I'd Just Rather," "Superstar," and "Nights Like This." A few of his songs from his first album made
appearances in television shows and movies including; "Get Hard," "American Horror Story," "St.
Vincent," "Beyond The Lights," and more. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What makes his style so unique is he is as diverse as they come. One song could be about the
partying lifestyle, and then the next song is a positive, influential song. Nyzzy's vision is to
inaugurate his own brand/label called Hurricane Music Group. With a strong team behind him, he
has officially made himself a household name and a hip hop artist that is easy to relate to. With his
latest release, "Lost in Los Angeles," Nyzzy has one of the best mixtapes out right now. Moving
from Indiana to California could be slightly eerie, but instead he used that into his advantage and
expressed everything into this mixtape. Obviously the weather is much different, and also has a
completely different environment. Most of the production for the album was produced by Twigg. If
you haven't yet, you can buy the album/mixtape off of iTunes, listen to it on Spotify, or listen to it
on hotnewhiphop.com. On this album, Nyzzy provides 15 quality tracks that elucidate his personal
transition from the small city life to the big city

Erwin Rommel: Afrika Korps
Many figures we know of today served in WWII. One of those individuals is the famous Erwin
Rommel, one of Germany's best generals.Rommel is renowned for his leadership of the legendary
Afrika Korps and his incredible use of ambush and Blitzkrieg, or lightning war,tactics. History has
solidified Rommel as a great leader and has earned the respect of both friends and foes and is
notorious today due to the diversity of the forces that made up the "Afrika Korps ",the success he
achieved in the Africa campaign, the overwhelming forces he fought against,the battles he raged,
and the events that led to his death. To extrapolate, Rommel infamous "Afrika Korps" was diverse in
the number of forces that made it up.Although the Korps was originally ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Rommel had enjoyed great success during the early part of the campaign, but was finally stopped at
Tobruk where his lighting tactics failed initially, though after laying siege to the city, he was able to
capture it. Though this success came at a cost,because Rommel had stretched his supply lines to thin
and as a result,his armor and troops were without much needed supplies due to the supply trucks
being hampered by allied air assaults.Without the supplies and the British having a superior strategic
position having cover on their flanks by two natural barriers, the sea and the impassable "Qattara
Depression",the German failed at the first and second battles for the city of El Alamein.This was the
turning point in the campaign due to the Afrika Korps being without much needed equipment and
vehicles, and the arrival of American forces and their superior American M4 sherman which was
both faster and stronger than most German vehicles at time in Africa.From this point on Rommel
would be on the defensive launching counterattacks such as the infamous "Battle of Kasserine Pass"
which dealt a huge blow to American forces having them experience their first true loss of the war,
but never achieving a foothold in Africa

Dj Kol Herc History
Industry of Hip Hop
Where did hip hop originate and who were its founder? Like any style of music, hip hop has roots in
other forms, and its evolution was shaped by many different artists, but there's a case to be made
that it came to life precisely on this day, August 11, 1973, in the west Bronx, New York City. Clive
Campbell–better known to history as DJ Kool Herc, founding father of hip hop. Born and raised to
the age of 10 in Kingston, Jamaica, DJ Kool Herc began spinning records at parties and between
sets his father's band played while he was a teenager in the Bronx in the early 1970s. Herc often
emulated the style of Jamaican "selectors" (DJs) by "toasting" (i.e., talking) over the records he
spun, but his historical significance has nothing to do with rapping. Kool Herc's contribution to hip
hop was even more fundamental. Born and raised to the age of 10 in Kingston, Jamaica, DJ Kool
Herc began spinning records at parties and between sets his father's band played while he was a
teenager in the Bronx in the early 1970s. Herc often emulated the style of Jamaican "selectors"
(DJs) by "toasting" (i.e., talking) over the records he spun, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The "Miss Jones" is temporarily yanked off the air. Jay–Z and Nas end their long–running feud at
the former's Power 105.1 concert in New York. 50 Cent was making an appearance at the radio
station to announce that The Game had been booted from G–Unit. The Game, who had appeared on
Hot 97 earlier that evening, reportedly returned to the station with an undisclosed number of men
and was denied entrance into the building. Jay–Z Dame Dash, and Kareem "Biggs" Burke sell off
the remaining 50% stake of Roc–A–Fella Records to Universal's Island Def Jam for less than $10
million and go their separate

Character Analysis Of Afrika Road
Afrika Road, a story that symbolizes oppression of the whites who are capturing the blacks. The
blacks are being oppressed, controlled by the white people and Afrika road symbolizes their struggle
of dealing with this problem. In Don Mattera's short story "Afrika Road", there are many examples
that show the different character traits Afrika Road portrays. The different character traits of the
protagonist, the story Afrika Road shows is meritoriousness, tolerance, and victimization.
In Afrika Road, there are many examples that show the character trait of meritoriousness. An
example is when the author states, "[M]en, women, children... soldiers without uniforms or
conventional armory... aware that death waited for them on Masphala Hill" (Mattera 91). This
reference suggests that the black people are being oppressed by the white people but will continue
their march of freedom even knowing what consequences can arise and trouble them. One can
conclude that the black people are trying to take back their rights and freedom, everyone
participated including men, women, children even the soldiers with and without uniforms. In
essence, they are being forced into being soldiers. In addition, it can be noted that the black people
are merited to stand up in front of the whites to earn back what was rightfully theirs. Blacks are
being praised for what they did, for having the courage to go through their plan and be brave enough
to execute their plan even though they knew what they were going

DJ Kool Herc
DJ Kool Herc, also commonly known as Kool Herc is credited for hosting the very first hip hop
house party in 1973. Although, this party consisted of playing mostly funk records by James Brown,
he radically transformed the way records were played through incorporating only the instrumental
version of a song and then quickly switching to the break in a separate song. This way of DJing
completely revolutionized the term for the next generations to come and laid the foundation of what
current DJ's follow today. At these infamous parties, DJ Kool Herc would enforce his crowds to
partake in a certain style of dance, which was recognized as rapping. He would shout rhymes to
encourage the audience to express themselves through dance. DJ Kool Herc

The Origination Of Hip Hop
The Origination of Hip Hop
Laresia Parks
English III, Period 05
2 December 2015
Hip hop finds its ethnic origins in Jamaican music and DJs in the seventies who used two turntables
to create longer drum breaks in records for dance parties giving rise to "break dancing" and "break
dancers" now known as b–boys and b–girls (A Closer Look At a New Hip Hop Movement). DJs and
MCs popularized the technique of speaking over beats and the culture expanded to include street
dance and graffiti art. Embraced by working class urban and young African–Americans, the music
stems from African American forms of music including jazz, soul, gospel, and reggae.
Background
"Afrika Bambaataa basically is The One", says Jeff Chang, hip–hop historian and author of the book
Can't Stop Won't Stop. Bambaataa's role was carrying the gospel of hip hop. He came of age in the
South Bronx during the 1970s and used his charisma to rise to the rank of warlord in a local gang
called Black Spades. After traveling to Africa, he decided to borrow a motto from an earlier decade:
wage love, not war. He decided to use his influence to turn the Black Spades into a peaceful
organization called the Zulu Nation. "Bambaataa had this vision of hip–hop as a force for social
change," says Chang. "He had the history and street credibility to make this narrative acceptable to
even the hardest of hard heads... He was the guy who articulated that hip–hop could be a cultural
movement." In 1977, Bambaataa started throwing

Analysis Of The Pioneer DDJ-SB Controller
New DJs as well as professionals can use controllers to mix music that will give them a name in the
club world as an amazing talented creative. If you imagine club promoters and owners fighting over
you, you'll need one of the best controllers for working in the clubs. It'll help build your skills as
well as get your name out there as a major player in the music world.
Pioneer DDJ–SB Controller
This controller is an impressive one for the features available. Usually, you'd see this kind of
construction and effects on high–priced controllers. The buttons can be used to trigger cues you've
already set up, and it can trigger loops and FX plus samples with ease.
Features
Performance pads
Level meters
Pad trans beat effect
Four–deck ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Beatpad has established itself as a professional system at an affordable price.
Features
Two–channel design
Responsive pads
LED rings for scratching
Harmonic mix option
Access to Spotify
This last feature is one of the best for professionals. You'll need access to a huge music library to get
your samples and you don't have to worry about having the memory to store every song on your
memory card. It will recommend music that matches what you're currently playing, too. This gives
you a huge amount of variation for your mixes and freestyle scratching.
Check out our full review of the Reloop Beatpad 2 http://youtubemusicsucks.com/reloop–beatpad–
2–review/ Denon DJ MCX8000

This professional controller is a full–size heavy controller that might not necessarily lend itself to
being mobile–ready. It would be more suited for a full–time gig at a club where you don't have to
carry the controller around with you.
Features
Built–in engine software
No computer needed
Room for 2 DJs on the controller
USB ports for flash drives
Serato DJ software
Four channel mixer
When you're learning, this might not be the right controller for you, but for those who know the
world of DJing inside and out, this is a solid unit. It's perfect for performing with another DJ, too.
Check out our full review of the Denon DJ MCX8000 http://youtubemusicsucks.com/denon–dj–
mcx8000–review/ Native Instruments Traktor Kontrol S4 MK2 DJ Controller
This controller can be used with the

Dj Kol Herc Research Paper
Clive Campbell, better known by his stage name DJ Kool Herc, is a Jamaican American DJ who
often threw block parties in the early 1970's in one of the most impoverished areas of New York
City, the South Bronx . At these party's Herc created rhythmic beats by looping the breaks in songs.
Later these same beats would be accompanied by "rap", a rhythmic style of chanting poetry which is
often presented in 16–bar measures or time frames (Thompson). Herc is often regarded as the father
of hip hop music because what started out as just block party music turned into a cultural movement
for many young African–American youths. The music in different eras represents a sort of time
machine into what ideas and problems are wrong with society, thus bringing them to the attention of
the masses and getting them solved. Hip–Hop music took a progressive approach to this by
presenting big issues and problems that have affected minorities and society in general. By doing
this Hip–Hop has resolved many issues in society that were ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This led us on a journey through the decades that helped us further understand the importance of hip
hop. Every article regarding the origins of hip hop mentioned DJ Kool Herc and how he first
sculpted the genre in the South Bronx, New York. From there, the research leads to the first
commercially successful rap song, 'Rapper's Delight' by Sugar Hill Gang. We gained further
knowledge of our statement when we conducted a survey. The survey was given to students and
staff at our school. This helped us see what kind of music people in our area like.The survey
consisted of three questions: what is your age, your gender, and what is your favorite genre of
music. This survey primarily focused on getting statistics from different demographics in order to
figure out exactly who listens to hip–hop. This survey gave us an idea of the spectrum of people
who listen to

Dj Kol Herc Hip Hop History
Like any style of music, hip hop has roots in other forms, and its evolution was shaped by many
different artists, but there's a case to be made that it came to life precisely on this day in 1973, at a
birthday party in the recreation room of an apartment building in the west Bronx, New York City.
The location of that birthplace was 1520 Sedgwick Avenue, and the man who presided over that
historic party was the birthday girl's brother, Clive Campbell–better known to history as DJ Kool
Herc, founding father of hip hop.
When hip hop music first developed in the late 1970s, not many people knew about it. It was created
in the poorest districts of New York City by African American and Latino teenagers as part of a hip
hop scene that also produced breakdancing and graffiti art. Many of these young people were
unemployed, but some found work as DJs in discos where they learned deejaying techniques like
how to use two turntables and a DJ mixer to play records non–stop. Sometimes they'd also deejay at
free block parties in their neighbourhoods where they'd play funk and disco tracks non–stop and ask
a friend to act as their MC. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
New York duo Run DMC also used hooks in their songs but added hard–rock guitar to create a
popular style called rap rock, and their 1986 album Raising Hell became hip hop's first top–ten
album. When punk rock group Beastie Boys began shouting raps instead of singing, their style also
became very popular and their debut album Licensed To Ill became hip hop's first number–one

Racism: The Mercedes Ladies
As hip hop's first all–female crew of MCs to rock the microphone at old school block parties and
clubs like the Rooftop and Latin Quarters, The Mercedes Ladies paved the way for female rap acts
such as The Sequence, Finesse & Synquis, Salt 'N Pepa, Deadly Venoms, Oaktown 357 and the
Conscious Daughters. Hailing from the South Bronx, The Mercedes Ladies formed in 1976.
Although the group had several member when it started, the classic and most popular line–up
consisted of Sheri Sher, Eve–a–Def, Zena–Z, Tracy T and two DJ's, Baby D (AKA D'Bora) and RD
Smiley. Other members included Sweet P and Sty–Sty (who were later members). According to
Sheri Sher, the Mercedes Ladies started off as a crew of girls from the Bronx who initially wanted to
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They quickly earned the respect of their peers by holding their own on stage with hip hop legends
like Kool DJ Herc, Afrika Bambattaa, Busy Bee, Kool DJ Red Alert, Grandmaster Flash & the
Furious Five, Grandmaster DST and the Cold Crush Brothers. Unfortunately, their lyrical skills
didn't make them immune to sexism. "It was a struggle," recalls Sheri–Sher. "We were getting a lot
of street popularity because we were putting our work in. From corner to corner, then they started
setting up shows for us and everything, but we would never get paid. The promoters would pay the
L Brothers and Grandmaster Flash, but when it was time to pay the Mercedes Ladies, we didn't get
paid ." This led them severing ties with Trevor and the L Brothers. The group would go through a
series of subsequent managers and a bad record deal with Def Jam before finally disbanding in the
mid–80s. Unfortunately, the group never recorded an album of their own, but they can be heard on
underground recordings of their early shows and on Donald D's 1984 record, "Don's Groove ". Later
that year, DJ Baby D would later go on to record her own single entitled, "No Sense," under the
moniker D'Bora . She continued recording records under that name until 1998. Sheri–Sher wrote a
historical novel centered on her exploits as a member of The Mercedes Ladies which was published
by Vibe Street Lit . In May of 2014, the Mercedes Ladies were inducted into the Hip Hop Hall of
Fame , securing their legacy for generations to

Puerto Rican Hip Hop Culture
Puerto Ricans are an important piece in hip hop culture and in its evolution since 1970. The
contribution of Puerto Ricans to hip hop have been ignored many times and when they are being
noticed "it has been misinterpreted as a defection from Puerto Rican culture and identity into the
African American camp." For example, making a version of a song and adding it Spanish or
Spanglish words. Puerto Ricans stories are marginalized because similarities between Puerto Ricans
and Africa American are not properly understood. Hip hop history is formed by cultural parallels,
adaptations, connections and interactions between Africa Americans and Caribbean people
including Puerto Ricans. "Hip hop is a pattern woven out of some common threads." For example,

Hip Hop Essay
Hip Hop
Hip–hop is a musical art form, created by African–Americans and Latino–Americans in the mid
seventies. Its conception came from a young generation of African–Americans in the Bronx, who
created a beautiful, prideful expression of music, art and dance from a backdrop of poverty. Since
that ignition in a New York City borough, it has inspired people from all socio–economic and
cultural backgrounds all across the world. When hip–hop is discussed as an art form and not just as
rap, it usually is meant to include the four elements: the DJ, the emcee, graffiti writing, and break
dancing. Some of these were around before the words "hip–hop" were uttered, but they
reestablished their identities within hip–hop. I have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Despite all this, there are books that give a well rounded and thoughtful discussion on what created
hip–hop, its limitations, and where it might be going. Much of what I read overtly stated a love–hate
relationship with hip–hop. The potential it could have for social and political reform and the lack of
desire or intuition by most artists to do so, frustrates those who love it dearly and have seen it evolve
through hopeful eras, and eras of bleakness combined with mortal conflicts that started on wax. The
birth of hip–hop is credited to the DJ, or actually three DJs: Kool Herc, Afrika Bambaataa, and
Grandmaster Flash. Turntables were being used in the discotheques, but with the advent of the
mixer DJs were able to mix two records together to keep the beat going. These hip–hop pioneers did
much more than just remove the lull from the dance floor. They began sampling, which clearly
enough, is sampling other records to create a new beat. Loops were used from the drum breaks of
past records and DJs began the popular tradition of scouring record stores for rare or unheard of
music from across the globe, hoping to make "the perfect beat." Grandmaster Flash is credited with
having invented the technique of scratching records, which is done by reversing or pressing forward
the

Rapper's Charm Analysis
The starting point of this analysis begins with the 1979 single "Rapper's Delight " by the Sugarhill
Gang, as it is the first rap song in history to peak in the Billboard Top 40 . During this time, many
African Americans in the Bronx were throwing block parties, thus the need for music that would be
suitable for these occasions . Hence, the theme of this hit single was on partying so it could
complement another form of hip–hop: breakdancing. For example, "The beat starts getting into your
toes. You start popping your fingers and stomping your feet. And moving your body while you're
sitting in your seat. And then damn you start doing the freak" uses imagery, mixed in with the
positive emotions given off from the upbeat tempo to encourage the audience to dance to this song.
Another example is the line, "But first, I gotta bang bang the boogie to the boogie. Say up jump the
boogie to the bang bang boogie", which shows us that these lyrics were meant for partying with the
word "boogie ". Also, this song is quite materialistic in its lyrics. Examples include, "I got a Lincoln
continental and a sunroof Cadillac" and "Hear me talking 'bout checkbooks, credit cards, more
money than a sucker could ever spend", which shows us that materialism in rap music was already
present ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One incredibly famous example is Lil Jon's "Real Nigga Roll Call" featuring Ice Cube where it still
holds the Guinness World Record for most number of swear words in a song with 295 swear words
in just over five minutes. N.W.A.'s "Gangsta Gangsta" contained 63 occurrences, showing us the
major discrepancy between the two types of music. In fact, on a linear scale, the amount of swearing
in each song has been generally increasing in the graph below, which could indicate that the record
executives attempt at making money off of gangsta rap was quite

The Causes And Impacts Of Hip-Hop Culture
Hip– hop is an art form that came out of a troubled time in American history especially in the
Bronx. The building of hip hop culture in the Bronx caused media culture, cultural diversity,
changing economy and citizens rights and responsibilities to arise through the actions of hip hop
culture. In the beginning, hip hop culture started and spread because of the changing economy and
hard times for all, soon graffiti and hip hop culture became a statement throughout the world and
was a media that spread throughout the world. Hip– hop emerged partially because of the diversity
of the people living in the Bronx at the time. However hip– hop and graffiti was suppressed because
many people, such as officials, believed the they owned the ... Show more content on
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Latino played music and the everyone danced. Africa Bilbao, a person that lived in the Bronx in 60s,
said, "I do not like to get into it when we call them Puerto Ricans, they are Africans like us...They
are the African that kept the Drums, they kept the gods of santeria alive. In the 60's , Black and
Puerto Ricans were always playing the Conga. Always had it the rhythms." This shows that the
people came together in the Bronx even though they were such different cultures. The diversity of
the people of the Bronx and the fact they came together helped adapt when the hip hop movement
started. Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaataa, Dj Herc were accepted because the people of the
Bronx loved music and dance. As de–industrialization progressed many people in the Bronx started
having outdoor parties and plugged their stereos into lamp post. This activity and the parties brought
many people from different cultures together because of the hard time the Bronx were facing. The
parties gave hope to the people of the Bronx. The changing economy brought many changes to
culture and inspired the hip–hop movement partly. In Mark Nason's lecture he talks about how many
people adapted hip–hop culture such as beat boxing because of hard times and schools losing their
music and art programs. "The young people of the borough, deprived of the opportunity for physical
instruments, showcasing their skills the way their parents and

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