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class 11 chemistry notes by
entrancei.com
Application of
Stereochemistry in
Reactions
Entrancei
Terms use in Stereochemistry
 Optically Active/Inactive Compounds
 Difference between Chiral carbon & Chiral compounds
 Stereoisomers
 Enantiomers
 Diastereomers
 Meso compounds
 Racemic Mixture
 Retention
 Inversion
 Resolvable and Non-resolvable compounds
 Stereospecific and stereoselective compounds
 Regioselective and Regiospecific Entrancei
Optically
Active/Inactive
Compounds
 The property of a substance of rotating the plane of
polarized light is called Optical activity and the
substance possessing it is said to be Optically
active.
Entrancei
Difference
between Chiral
carbon & Chiral
compounds
Entrancei
Stereoisomers
 When isomerism is caused by the different arrangements of atoms or
groups in space, the phenomenon is called Stereoisomerism
Entrancei
Enantiomers
 Optically active pairs
 Mirror image of each other
Entrancei
Diastereomers
 Pair must be stereoisomers
 May be active or inactive
 Non-Identical , Non-enantiomer
CH3
BrH
C2H5
BrH
CH3
BrH
C2H5
Br H
Entrancei
Meso compounds
 plane passing through the molecule such that the molecule is divided into 2
equals parts, one part being the mirror image of other
a
plane of symmetry
a
b
b
d
d
Entrancei
Racemic Mixture
 Mixture of equal mole of enantiomer
Entrancei
Retention
 R Gives R
 S Gives S
Entrancei
Inversion
 R Gives S
 S Gives R
Entrancei
Resolvable and Non-resolvable compounds
 Racemic are resolvable
 Meso are non resolvable
Entrancei
Stereospecific and stereoselective
compounds
 stereoselective reaction is a reaction which give us
two stereoisomer >> one of them is major ( more
stable).
Entrancei
Stereospecificity reaction
 Stereospecificity reaction is a reaction
only allows formation of one
stereoisomer.
Regioselective and Regiospecific
 If more than one reaction could occur between a set of reactants under
the same conditions giving products that are constitutional isomers and if
one product forms in greater amounts than the others, the overall
reaction is said to be regioselective.
Entrancei
Hydrogenation
 100% Syn addition
 Heat of Hydrogenation higher means less stable will be the compound
Entrancei
Wilkinson's catalyst
Entrancei
Stereochemistry of E-2
Entrancei

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class 11 chemistry Notes