인공지능 딥러닝 (Etri) 20160811 short deck
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Brief introduction of artificial intelligence history and deep learning
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인공지능 딥러닝 (Etri) 20160811 short deck
- 1. aidentify 인공지능 역사와 딥러닝 기술 소개 2016. 8. 11 김 의 중 아이덴티파이
- 3. aidentify Alan Turing (1912 ~ 1954) • 1936: Turing Machine • 1941: Bombe (German Enigma Breaker) • 1950: Turing Test
- 4. aidentify Turing Machine (1936) "On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem“ Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society (1936)
- 5. aidentify Z3 computer (1941) First German Programmable computer that satisfied Turing completeness Konrad Zuse (1910 ~ 1995)
- 6. aidentify Colossus Computer (1943) Tommy Flowers, British Engineer designed Colossus with a collegue, Max Newman to improve Bombe that Turing designed. Tommy Flowers Max Newman Colossus Mark2
- 7. aidentify ENIAC (1945) ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integratorn And Computer) developed by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert at the University of Pennsylvania with John von Neumann Number of vacuum tubes : 17,480 ENIAC (1945) John Mauchly J. Presper Eckert
- 8. aidentify John von Neumann (1903 ~ 1957) Computer by Institute for Advanced Study (1951)Report on EDVAC project (1945)
- 9. aidentify IBM • Aiken Mark 1: Electromechanical computer (1944) • IBM 603: First commercial computer (1946) • IBM 701: First commercial scientific computer (1952) • IBM 650: First mass-produced computer (1953) • IBM 7000 series: First transistorized computer (1961) • IBM System/360: IC-based Mainframe (1965) • IBM PC: First personal computer (1981) • IBM RS/6000: PowerPC-based HPC (1990) • IBM BlueGene: Fastest computer (2004) • IBM BlueGene/Q: Massively Parallel Computer (2013)
- 10. aidentify Artificial Intelligence Dartmouth Conference (1946) John McCarthy Marvin Minsky Claude Shannon Nathaniel Rochester Arthur Samuel Ray SolomonoffOliver Selfridge Hernert Simon Allen Newell
- 11. aidentify Key members in AI inner circle John McCarthy Marvin Minsky Nathaniel Rochester Arthur Samuel Hernert Simon Allen Newell LISP language, MIT AI Lab Machine Learning, checker program on IBM 701 SNARC, MIT AI Lab Designed IBM 701 Logic Theorist General Problem Solver Computational Cognitive Psychology
- 12. aidentify What is Artificial Intelligence? Stuart Russel & Peter Norvig “Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach” 1994 2003 2009
- 13. aidentify AI Tree Michael Mills, co-founder and chief strategy officer, Neota Logic
- 14. aidentify Artificial Neural Network 대뇌피질 뉴런 시냅스 수상돌기 신경세포체 축색돌기 축색종말 Threshold Logic Unit (1943) Warren McCullock Walter Pitts
- 15. aidentify TLU
- 16. aidentify Perceptron (1958) Frank Rosenblatt’s Perceptron = TLU + Hebb’s Rule weight factor
- 17. aidentify SLP vs MLP x1 x2 yΣ | x1 x2 y Σ|θ=1 Σ|θ=1 Σ|θ=1 AND OR (1) (2) (3) vs
- 18. aidentify Deep Learning Neuron = 1010 Synapse = 1014 (at birth) ~ 1013 (as growth) Human Brain
- 19. aidentify Feedforward Neural Network ... ... ... ... ... 입력층 출력층은닉층 As being fed forward from input layer to output layer, data become more unique value by weight factors
- 20. aidentify Back Propagation 강아지 n 강아지 4 강아지 3 강아지 2 강아지 1 고양이? (예측값) 강아지 (레이블) 피드포워드 (가중치 적용) 역전파 (가중치 수정) 비교 Paul Werbos (PhD thesis, Harvard University, 1974) “Beyond Regression: New Tools for Prediction and Analysis in the Behavioral Sciences” Adjustment process of weight factors by propagating error from output layer to input layer as backward
- 21. aidentify Gradient Descent ★ ★ Min. 2D 3D Find optimal weight factors minimizing quadratic objective function
- 22. aidentify Convolution Neural Network 원본 이미지 컨볼루션 풀링 컨볼루션 풀링 전체 연결된 신경망 강아지 (90%) 고양이 (30%) 인형 (10%) 비둘기 (0.5%) 컨볼루션 필터
- 23. aidentify Regularization ★ ★ L2 규제화 L1 규제화
- 24. aidentify Use cases image text sound 𝑓(𝑡)