intorduction to os

1. CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Sudha. S
Assistant Professor
Department of Computer Science
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2. TOPICS
■ WHAT IS SOFTWARE
■ HOW EXECUTABLE FILE IS CREATED
■ TYPES OF SOFTWARE
■ OPERATING SYSTEM
■ COMPONENTS OF OPERATING SYSTEM
■ FUNCTIONS OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM
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3. Learning Objectives :-
● To understand the structure of an operating system
● To understand how the executable file is being created.
● To understand the functions of operating system
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4. What is Software ?
■ Software is a set of programs and a program is a sequence of instructions
written to solve a particular problem .
■ Software is Binary Executable file (exe or bin) .In next slide we see how
binary executable file is created .
■ Two types of software :-
➢ System Software
➢ Application Software System Software Application Software
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6. How Executable file Create
■ Source Code :- A sequence of instructions written to solve a
particular problem. In previous example sample.c is source code
file .
■ Compiler :- A compiler is a special program that processes
instructions written in a particular programming language and
turns them into machine language that computer’s processor
understand .If any error in source code it display or else it create
a Object file with .obj extension .
■ Object File :- A data file containing object code that is
generated when a compiler processes . In previous example
sample.obj is object file .
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7. How Executable file Create
■ Linker :-A linker is a computer program that takes one or more
object files generated by a compiler and it link to header file
which use in program combines them into one and create
executable file .
■ Executable File :-An executable file is to perform particular task
when run
■ Processor :- Processor is required to run particular executable
file .
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9. What is operating system ?
■ An operating system is system software and It is a program that
controls the execution of application program and acts as an
interface between the user application and the machine
hardware .
■ It is an integrated set of specialized programs used to manage
overall system resources and operations of the system.
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10. What is operating system ?
■ Computer operating systems perform basic tasks, such as
recognizing input from the keyboard, sending output to the
display screen, keeping track of files and directories on the
storage drives, and controlling peripheral devices, such as
printers.
■ Operating system is loaded into memory when a computer is
booted and remains active as long as machine is up .
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12. Abstract View of the components of a computer System
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15. Functions of Operating System :-
■ Memory Management :− Keeps track of the primary
memory, i.e. what part of it is in use by whom, what part is
not in use, etc. and allocates the memory when a process
or program requests it.
■ Processor Management :− Allocates the processor (CPU)
to a process and deallocates the processor when it is no
longer required.
■ Device Management :− Keeps track of all the devices. This
is also called I/O controller that decides which process
gets the device, when, and for how much time.
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16. Functions of Operating System :-
■ File Management :− Allocates and de-allocates the
resources and decides who gets the resources.
■ Security :− Prevents unauthorized access to programs
and data by means of passwords and other similar
techniques.
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17. Functions of Operating System :-
■ Job Accounting :− Keeps track of time and resources
used by various jobs and/or users.
■ Control Over System Performance :− Records delays
between the request for a service and from the
system.
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18. Functions of Operating System :-
■ Interaction with the Operators :− Interaction may take
place via the console of the computer in the form of
instructions. The Operating System acknowledges the
same, does the corresponding action, and informs the
operation by a display screen.
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19. Functions of Operating System :-
■ Error-detecting Aids :− Production of dumps, traces,
error messages, and other debugging and error-
detecting methods.
■ Coordination Between Other Software and Users :−
Coordination and assignment of compilers,
interpreters, assemblers, and other software to the
various users of the computer systems.
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20. References
● Abraham Silberschatz and Peter Baer Galvin. (2012). Operating System
Concepts, 7th Ed., Pearson.
● H.M.Deitel. (2003). Operating Systems, 3rd Ed. Pearson Learning Solutions.
● William Stallings. (2010). Operating Systems, 6th Ed., Pearson Education.
● Stuart. (2008). Operating systems: Principles, Design and Implementation,
1st Ed. Cengage Learning India
● Dhananjay M. Dhamdhere.Operating System,3rd Ed.Mc Graw Hill Education.
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