IST 309 Video Review Growing Up Online https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKN7ld1BGuA or https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/kidsonline/ Provide short essay answer for the following questions. Grading will be based on how well you support your answers. That is, citing the text, video, or other sources. Please submit your responses through the Turnititin.com link provided in the assignments area of BlackBoard. Submittals with a high level of nonoriginal content will be graded significantly lower. 1. The video shows students are able to circumvent traditional methods of learning such as reading a classic novel. What are the pros and cons of this? Does it have a long term effect? Specifically as it relates to the workplace. 2. There is a situation shown where a child was bullied online since students can hide behind the “anonymity of the internet”. Does this occur in the workplace? What are the ramifications of this in the workplace and what would you do to prevent it? EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook Play Therapy Ivo Peixoto, Elona Dashi, Asilay Şeker Published on: Jul 09, 2019 EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook Play Therapy 2 Brief historic overview Historically, Play Therapy (PT) has emerged from the conceptual understandings found in psychoanalytic and humanistic psychology, psychotherapy and child development literature. In Europe in the early 1900s, Melanie Klein and Anna Freud (the daughter of Sigmund Freud) included play in their psychoanalytic treatment of children. In 1935, Margaret Lowenfeld first published Play in Childhood documenting her in-depth observations of children whilst working at the ‘Clinic for nervous and difficult children’ in London. In the United States, Virginia Axline focused her work on conceptualising and documenting Non Directive Play Therapy (NDPT) by drawing from the humanistic and relational perspective of her teacher and colleague Carl Rogers (Axline, 1969). Rogers (1951) was instrumental in establishing treatment plans based on necessary and sufficient conditions for growth. These included therapeutic congruence, unconditional positive regard, empathic understanding and acceptance. From these beginnings, several different theoretical models of PT have emerged. Based on Axline’s principles, the most well-known is Non-Directive or Child-Centred Play Therapy (CCPT) which has been further developed by Garry Landreth and colleagues and integrated into teaching parents or guardians the principles found in CCPT, known as Filial Play. EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook Play Therapy 3 Description PT is an effective means of responding to the mental health needs of young children and is widely accepted as a valuable and developmentally appropriate intervention. EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook Play Therapy 4 Play is the natural world of the child. Childre.

1. IST 309 Video Review
Growing Up Online
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jKN7ld1BGuA
or https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/kidsonline/
Provide short essay answer for the following questions. Grading
will be based on how well you support your answers. That is,
citing the text, video, or other sources. Please submit your
responses through the Turnititin.com link provided in the
assignments area of BlackBoard. Submittals with a high level of
nonoriginal content will be graded significantly lower.
1. The video shows students are able to circumvent traditional
methods of learning such as reading a classic novel. What are
the pros and cons of this? Does it have a long term effect?
Specifically as it relates to the workplace.
2. There is a situation shown where a child was bullied online
since students can hide behind the “anonymity of the internet”.
Does this occur in the workplace? What are the ramifications of
this in the workplace and what would you do to prevent it?
EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy
Guidebook
Play Therapy
Ivo Peixoto, Elona Dashi, Asilay Şeker

2. Published on: Jul 09, 2019
EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy
Guidebook Play Therapy
2
Brief historic overview
Historically, Play Therapy (PT) has emerged from the
conceptual understandings found in
psychoanalytic and humanistic psychology, psychotherapy and
child development literature. In Europe
in the early 1900s, Melanie Klein and Anna Freud (the daughter
of Sigmund Freud) included play in
their psychoanalytic treatment of children.
In 1935, Margaret Lowenfeld first published Play in Childhood
documenting her in-depth observations
of children whilst working at the ‘Clinic for nervous and
difficult children’ in London. In the United
States, Virginia Axline focused her work on conceptualising and
documenting Non Directive Play
Therapy (NDPT) by drawing from the humanistic and relational
perspective of her teacher and
colleague Carl Rogers (Axline, 1969). Rogers (1951) was
instrumental in establishing treatment plans

3. based on necessary and sufficient conditions for growth. These
included therapeutic congruence,
unconditional positive regard, empathic understanding and
acceptance.
From these beginnings, several different theoretical models of
PT have emerged. Based on Axline’s
principles, the most well-known is Non-Directive or Child-
Centred Play Therapy (CCPT) which has
been further developed by Garry Landreth and colleagues and
integrated into teaching parents or
guardians the principles found in CCPT, known as Filial Play.
EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy
Guidebook Play Therapy
3
Description
PT is an effective means of responding to the mental health
needs of young children and is widely
accepted as a valuable and developmentally appropriate
intervention.
EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy
Guidebook Play Therapy

4. 4
Play is the natural world of the child. Children learn about
themselves, others, and their world
through play. Play is also considered a right for all children,
everywhere, to achieve optimal
development. The therapeutic potential of play has been
extensively reviewed by Charles E. Schaefer
He states that play helps overcome resistance to therapy through
the creation of a nonthreatening
environment, while serving as a developmentally appropriate
means of communication for children.
Play assists the child in a multitude of developmental tasks: it
enhances the child’s ability to develop
mastery that leads to a sense of efficacy and competence; it
stimulates creative thinking and problem-
solving skills; it offers a means to express and reenact strong
emotions, making them more
manageable and integrated; it allows role-playing and fantasy
play, promoting empathy, affect
regulation, curiosity and sense of agency. Developing themes
and metaphors in play gives meaning to
life by shaping the child’s belief systems. By the same token,
the use of toys allows for creative and
emotional expression, testing of limits, and role-playing reality.

5. Play therapists have a sound
theoretical rationale for selecting and placing toys and materials
in a play therapy playroom. Types of
toys include, but are not limited to, dolls and dollhouses, play
kitchens, building blocks, farm and wild
animals, toy knives and swords, dress-up costumes, art supplies,
musical instruments, and puppets
(Landreth 2002). Each play therapist’s theoretical orientation
dictates whether play with the toys and
games is child directed or directed by the professional.
EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy
Guidebook Play Therapy
5
In this context, PT can be used when working with children who
have shyness, peer relationship
problems, poor stress tolerance or inadequate
communication/social skills. It can also be used during
times of grief or loss and for children with chronic illnesses.
PT can also help children with aggression, poor motor co-
ordination and self-harming behavior.
Responses to family and relationship

6. problems, such as family violence, parental
separation, attachment problems, trauma and
abuse can also benefit from PT.
Children who struggle with educational issues
such as poor organizational skills, poor
planning and execution of tasks, poor story
comprehension can resort to PT, and there is
evidence that CCPT has a significant positive
impact on academic achievement and
moderate to large treatment effect on second graders’ reading
achievement scores and 4- to 6-year-
olds’ receptive and expressive language skills.
PT also makes it possible to work with children who have
learning disabilities and sensory impairment.
Other than Play Therapy’s individual application, it can also be
used as a facilitator of other therapy
techniques to help smaller children. Systematic desensitization
techniques can be presented through
EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy
Guidebook Play Therapy

7. 6
All in all, thorough review (meta-analyses and systematic
review), rigorous controlled research
designs (RCT), quantitative and experimental explorations
(SCED, quasi-experimental, and cohort),
and qualitative studies support the use of play therapy with
children ages 3 to 12 years old. Research
signifies that PT is an effective intervention for children who
present with externalizing and
internalizing problems, self-concept issues, reactions to
traumatic events and complexities,
developmental delays, social-emotional challenges, and
relationship difficulties. Research studies
thematically support the use of play as the primary
communication tool for young children. Last but
not least, research supports the implementation of PT by well-
trained and knowledgeable play
therapists that have been educated and supervised in the
practice of PT for results closer to optimal.
Bibliography
Axline,V.M (1969) Play Therapy, New York, Ballantine Books
Landreth, G. L. (2002) Play Therapy: The Art of the
Relationship. 2 nd ed. NY:Brunner-Routledge

8. O’Connor, K. J., Schaefer C., Braverman L.D (2016) Handbook
of Play therapy, John Wiley& Sons, Inc.
Rogers. C (1951) Client Centered Therapy: Its current practice,
implications and theory. London
Schaefer, C.E. (2011) Integrative Play Therapy. John Wiley &
Sons, Inc.
Thomas J. (2011) Play Therapy in the UK
Comment from an expert and/or quote from
a famous psychotherapist:
Play is a child’s work and this is not a trivial pursuit
Alfred Adler
Play bridges the gap between concrete experience and abstract
thought
EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy
Guidebook Play Therapy
7
published online courses or international
association
Certified Courses
There are Certificate, diploma and master courses in play
therapy with international accreditation:

9. Books
Play Therapy International http://playtherapy.org/Training-
Careers/Accredited-
Courses/Certificate-Courses
APAC, PTUK, PTC & PTirl have permanent training centres in
Canada, France, Ireland and the United
Kingdom.
Play Therapy in Portugal http://fa.ispa.pt/formacao/play-
therapy-com-criancas-e-adolescentes
Axline, V. (1984) Dibs In Search of Self: The moving story of
an emotionally lost child who found his
way back. Penguin Books: Buckinghamshire.
Axline, V. M. (1989) Play Therapy. Churchill Livingstone:
London
Cattanach, A. (2003) Introduction to Play Therapy. Hove:
Brunner-Routledge
Clinics of Turkey - Psychotherapy Issue (2017) , Play Therapy
Chapter
Gaskill, R. L. (2010). Neurobiology of play therapy. Play
Therapy, 5(4). CA, USA:Association for Play
Therapy.
Giordano, M., Landreth, G. & Jones, L. (2005) A Practical
handbook for Building the Play Therapy

10. Relationship. New Jersey: Jason Aronson
Josefi, O., & Ryan, V. (2004). Non-directive play therapy for
young children with autism: A case study.
Clinical child psychology and psychiatry, 9(4), 533 – 551.
Kevin J. O’Connor, Charles E.Schaefer, Lisa D.Braverman,
Handbook of Play Therapy (2016) John
Wiley & Sons, Inc. USA
McCarthy, D. (2012) A Manual of Dynamic Play Therapy:
Helping Things Fall Apart, the Paradox of
Play. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers
McMahon, L. (2009) 2nd Ed. The Handbook of Play Therapy.
East Sussex: Routledge
Melanie Klein (1975) The Psychoanalysis of Children
Oaklander, V. (2007) Hidden treasure: A map to the child’s
inner self. Bungay, Suffolk: Catch Limited.
Oaklander, V. (2007) Windows to Our Children A Gestalt
Therapy Approach to Children and
Adolescents. Gouldsboro, Maine: The Gestalt Journal Press.
First published 1978
Sunderland, M. (2000) Using Story telling as a Therapeutic
Tool with Children. Oxon: Winslow Press.
http://playtherapy.org/Training-Careers/Accredited-

11. Courses/Certificate-Courses
http://www.apac.org.uk/
http://www.playtherapy.org.uk/
http://www.playtherapy.ca/
http://www.playtherapy.ie/
http://fa.ispa.pt/formacao/play-therapy-com-criancas-e-
adolescentes
EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy
Guidebook Play Therapy
8
Resources
The International Journal of Play Creative Art Therapies - This
Journal will be published in
addition to Play for Life, which is a practitioners' publication,
published by PTUK and PTI, where
articles may be written in a more informal style.
Popular Play Therapy Books - Books on this list may be
purchased through PTUK either from
Amazon or directly from us.
Play Therapy - Publications and Books - Play Therapy UK
(PTUK) publications.
PTUK Members' Site Links - Below is a list of links to PTUK
members' websites.
Professional Support Services - A range of management

12. consultancy services to support other
professionals and organisations who work with children are
available from PTUK
West, J. (1996) Child Centred Play Therapy. London: Arnold
Association for Play Therapy website
https://www.a4pt.org/page/TrainingDirectory has
recommendations of workshops, books and audio programs.
Family Enhancement and Play Therapy Center http://www.play-
therapy.com/
The Play Therapy UK (PTUK) website has useful resource
links: Conferences & Events - View a
list of upcoming conferences and events.
https://www.playtherapy.org.uk/ResourcesConferencesEvents/P
ublications/IntJournal
https://www.playtherapy.org.uk/ResourcesConferencesEvents/P
ublications/BooksandAmazon
https://www.playtherapy.org.uk/ResourcesConferencesEvents/P
ublications/PublicationsandBooks
https://www.playtherapy.org.uk/ResourcesConferencesEvents/Li
nks/MembersSitesLinks
https://www.playtherapy.org.uk/ResourcesConferencesEvents/C
onsultancyServices/ProfessionalServices
https://www.a4pt.org/page/TrainingDirectory
http://www.play-therapy.com/
https://www.playtherapy.org.uk/ResourcesConferencesEvents/C
onferencesAndEvents/Conference-2019

13. EFPT Psychotherapy Guidebook • EFPT Psychotherapy
Guidebook Play Therapy
9
Research Possibilities
Studies suggest that many and various research designs are
contributory to the understanding of play
therapy. RCTs and the replication of RCTs (meta-analyses and
systematic reviews) for specific
presenting problems and issues serve as the most credible
evidence supporting the use of play
therapy. However, RCTs are only one source of information on
the process and outcome of play
therapy. Small-group experimental, correlational, single-case
experimental, and qualitative designs
offer substantial information on the format and process of play
therapy. In using these methods, play
therapists benefit from conducting research through rigorous
design implementation and staying
within the confines of the design limitation when stating
conclusions about their findings. Research
studies conducted with detail and integrity offer valuable
information to the field, even if they are
limited in addressing the overall effectiveness of play therapy
Links to Societies

14. The accreditation of the Play Therapy United Kingdom (PTUK)
Register was the first recognition of
Play Therapy as a distinct professional at national government
level in the world Play Therapy
International (PTI) and its affiliated professional organisations
administer these standards outside the
UK, on behalf of PTUK, to ensure that practitioners of
therapeutic play, play therapy and filial play
coaching meet the standards required by the Register.
In order to become Certified Play Therapist it is necessary to
follow certain qualification standards
that follow a four stage training model
Links
Association for Play Therapy, (APT) USA:
https://www.a4pt.org/
British Association of Play Therapy (BAPT):
http://www.bapt.info/
Other Societies around the world:
https://playtherapy.org.uk/CareersInPlayTherapy/CareerDevelop
ment/CareersInPlayTherapy4LevelTModel
https://www.a4pt.org/
http://www.bapt.info/
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Guidebook Play Therapy

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Guidebook Play Therapy
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Guidebook Play Therapy
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Guidebook Play Therapy
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Guidebook Play Therapy
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Guidebook Play Therapy

16. 15
Affiliation:
Asilay Şeker
Elona Dashi
Ivo Peixoto
Play TherapySummarize and give your reaction. What are the
implications for treatment in a therapeutic relationship?
Book- Axline, V. (1978). Play therapy. NY: Ballantine Book