4. Evidence for magmatic evolution and diversity on Mars from infrared observations P. R. Christensen1, H. Y. McSween, Jr2, J. L. Bandfield1, S. W. Ruff1, A. D. Rogers1, V. E. Hamilton3, N. Gorelick1, M. B. Wyatt1, B. M. Jakosky4, H. H. Kieffer5, M. C. Malin6 & J. E. Moersch2 Department of Geological Sciences, Arizona State University Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA US Geological Survey, Emeritus, Carson City, Nevada 89703, USA Malin Space Science Systems, San Diego, California 92191, USA
5. Abstract Compositional mapping of Mars at the 100-metre scale with the Mars Odyssey Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) has revealed a wide diversity of igneous materials. Volcanic evolution produced compositions from low-silica basalts to high-silica dacite in the Syrtis Major caldera. The existence of dacite demonstrates that highly evolved lavas have been produced, at least locally, by magma evolution through fractional crystallization. Olivine basalts are observed on crater floors and in layers exposed in canyon walls up to 4.5 km beneath the surface. This vertical distribution suggests that olivine-rich lavas were emplaced at various times throughout the formation of the upper crust, with their growing inventory suggesting that such ultramafic (picritic) basalts may be relatively common. Quartz-bearing granitoid rocks have also been discovered, demonstrating that extreme differentiation has occurred. These observations show that the martian crust, while dominated by basalt, contains a diversity of igneous materials whose range in composition from picritic basalts to granitoids rivals that found on the Earth.
6. Goals: Bias Assess each citing article for the following biases: A - any one of the listed authors (who wrote the original paper). B - any authors from the same research institution C - any authors known to be or have been associated with the authors of the paper (Search for all original article author names in citing authors paper history).
7. What else to look for What kind of article has cited the original? Where was the citing article published… Peer-reviewed journal? What is the journal’s impact factor? Did the citing article get any press coverage?
9. Preliminary Findings Highest Impact Factor: Science 29.747 Lowest Impact Factor: Sensors 1.821 Impact Factors hovered around 3. Specialist nature of research All journals were peer reviewed No NPG
14. Bias Analysis A Of the 14 Type A bias 8 were due to P.R. Chritensen Member of the THEMIS team (NASA satellites to study energy releases from Earth's magnetosphere) Worked with Mars Student Imaging Project for the all of studies using images of mars Any paper I looked at which used THEMIS imaging has P.R. Christensen as an author
15. Bias Analysis C Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) Eliason EM (Eliason, Eric M.) worked with H.Y. McSween Evidences for a Noachian-Hesperian orogeny in Mars 2006
16. Media coverage Higher the impact factor= more results + increased chance of media coverage Due to the nature of citing articles, (geology of mars). Press coverage was limited to journal PR, esoteric One instance of media coverage=Science Exception of ‘water on mars’ type stories resulting from “Detection of Hydrated Silicates in Crustal Outcrops in the Northern Plains of Mars” (no citation bias)
![Method ,[object Object],Use W.o.K and PubMed to look at all citing articles Document and analyse all findings focussing on bias and media coverage](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)