Climate change can be predicted using global climate models (GCMs). GCMs simulate atmospheric and ocean circulation across the planet through a series of equations representing physical properties. They represent the atmosphere and oceans as thousands of cubes distributed in layers across the globe and oceans. While coarser than weather models, GCMs allow prediction of climate changes over broader spatial and temporal scales. Controlling climate change requires reducing greenhouse gas emissions and transitioning to renewable energy sources.

1. Climate change
prediction
-Dibyani Sarkar
A903111419009

2. What is climate change?
Climate change describes a change in the average conditions —
such as temperature and rainfall — in a region over a long period
of time. For example, 20,000 years ago, much of the United States
was covered in glaciers. In the United States today, we have a
warmer climate and fewer glaciers.

6. How to predict climate change?

8. Climate change models
 Global climate models simulate climate changes across the entire planet.
 These models are often referred to as GCMs because they simulate
general atmospheric circulation patterns.
 GCMs represent atmospheric and ocean circulation in a series of
equations describing physical properties of gases and fluids.
 Each set of equations is solved for a volume of air or water, typically with
dimensions of hundreds of kilometers. The atmosphere and oceans are
represented by thousands of these cubes, distributed 10–20 layers thick
across the face of the planet and down into the oceans.
 This process is similar to that for models used to forecast weather, except it
is applied over broader spatial scales to capture global effects and on
longer timescales to capture climate instead of weather. Because of these
broader spatial and temporal scales, the resolution of GCMs must be
much coarser than that of weather models to stay within the
computational limits of modern computers.

10. Ways to control climate change