Dokumen tersebut membahas 16 jenis waktu (tenses) dalam bahasa Inggris beserta contoh kalimat dan penjelasan singkat mengenai penggunaan masing-masing tense. Tenses tersebut adalah present tense, present continuous tense, present perfect tense, present perfect continuous tense, past tense, past continuous tense, past perfect tense, past perfect continuous tense, present future tense, present future continuous tense, present future perfect tense, present future perfect continuous tense, past future tense, past future continuous tense, past future perfect tense, dan past future perfect continuous tense.

1. MATERI 1 – TENSES
1. Present Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Verb (-/+s) + …
He has five online classes.
(-) Subject + Do/Does + Not + Infinitive (Verb 1) + …
He does not have five online classes.
(?) Do/Does + Subject + Infinitive + …
Does he have five online classes?
Present Tense digunakan saat kamu membicarakan kebiasaan atau suatu
hal yang dilakukan secara teratur dan juga fakta.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa lima kelas daring adalah
sebuah rutinitas yang dimiliki oleh subjek.
2. Present Continuous Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Is/Am/Are + Present Participle (Verb –
ing) + …
He is watching Quipper Video.
(-) Subject + Is/Am/Are + Not + Present Participle + …
He is not watching Quipper Video.
(?) Is/Am/Are + Subject + Present Participle + …
Is he watching Quipper Video?
Kamu menggunakan Present Continuous Tense pada saat kamu
membahas tentang suatu hal yang sedang berlangsung di masa kini.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek sedang menonton
Quipper Video pada saat ini juga.
3. Present Perfect Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Has/Have + Past Participle (Verb 3) + …
He has finished his project.
(-) Subject + Has/Have + Not + Past Participle + …
He has not finished his project.
(?) Has/Have + Subject + Past Participle + …
Has he finished his project?
Present Perfect Tense bisa kamu gunakan saat kamu ingin menunjukkan
suatu hal yang bermula di masa lalu dan selesai di masa kini.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek baru saja
menyelesaikan projeknya.
4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Has/Have + Been + Present Participle +
…
He has been trying to solve that question.
(-) Subject + Has/Have + Not + Been + Present Participle + …

2. He has not been trying to solve that question.
(?) Has/Have + Subject + Been + Present Participle + …
Has he been trying to solve that question?
Meskipun mirip, untuk membedakan Present Perfect Continuous Tense
dengan Present Perfect Tense, kamu dapat melihat kegiatan yang
dibicarakan dalam kalimat. Jika kegiatan itu masih berlangsung saat ini,
maka kamu harus menggunakan Present Perfect Continuous.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek berusaha menjawab
sebuah soal sejak tadi dan saat ini subjek masih melanjutkan usahanya
itu.
5. Past Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Past Tense (Verb 2) + …
He ate his breakfast.
(-) Subject + Did + Not + Infinitive + …
He did not eat his breakfast.
(?) Did + Subject + Infinitive + …
Did he eat his breakfast?
Tentu saja, kamu menggunakan Past Tense pada saat kamu
membicarakan tentang suatu hal yang terjadi di masa lalu.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek sudah sarapan,
kemungkinan tadi pagi.
6. Past Continuous Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Was/Were + Present Participle + …
He was reading a book (when she arrived).
(-) Subject + Was/Were + Not + Present Participle + …
He was not reading a book (when she arrived).
(?) Was/Were + Subject + Present Participle + …
Was he reading a book (when she arrived)?
Cukup serupa dengan kebalikannya, Present Continuous Tense, Past
Continuous Tense juga digunakan pada saat kamu membicarakan
tentang sesuatu yang sedang berlangsung di masa lampau. Biasanya,
kalimat dalam Past Continuous Tense jarang berdiri sendiri, melainkan
berpasangan dengan Past Tense.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek sedang membaca
buku pada saat subjek kedua tiba. Kedua kegiatan ada di masa lampau.
7. Past Perfect Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Had + Past Participle + …
He had eaten his lunch.
(-) Subject + Had + Not + Past Participle + …

3. He had not eaten his lunch.
(?) Had + Subject + Past Participle + …
Had he eaten his lunch?
Untuk membedakannya dengan Present Perfect Tense, kamu dapat
melihat waktu dari kegiatan yang dibicarakan selesai. Dalam Past Perfect
Tense, kegiatan yang dibicarakan bermula dan juga berakhir di masa
lampau.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek telah makan siang di
masa lampau.
8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Had + Been + Present Participle + …
He had been cleaning his room for hours (when his mom went home).
(-) Subject + Had + Not + Been + Present Participle + …
He had not been cleaning his room for hours (when his mom went
home).
(?) Had + Subject + Been + Present Participle + …
Had he been cleaning his room for hours (when his mom went home)?
Jika kamu ingin membicarakan tentang suatu hal yang terinterupsi saat
hal lain terjadi, kamu bisa menggunakan Past Perfect Continuous Tense.
Meskipun agak mirip dengan Past Continuous Tense, ada trik untuk
membedakannya, lho. Dalam Past Perfect Continuous Tense, waktu dari
hal yang terinterupsi diketahui, misalnya ‘for hours’ dalam contoh kalimat
di atas. Sementara itu, dalam Past Continuous Tense, jangka waktunya
tidak disebutkan berapa lama.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek tengah
membersihkan kamarnya selama berjam-jam pada saat ibunya pulang.
Keduanya terjadi di masa lampau, ya.
9. Present Future Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Will/Shall + Infinitive + …
He will submit his work tomorrow.
(-) Subject + Will/Shall + not + Infinitive + …
He will not submit his work tomorrow.
(?) Will/Shall + Subject + Infinitive + …
Will he submit his work tomorrow?
Present Future Tense cukup sederhana. Kamu dapat menggunakannya
saat kamu berjanji untuk melakukan suatu hal di masa yang akan
datang.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek akan mengumpulkan
pekerjaannya besok.
10. Present Future Continuous Tense

4. Formula: (+) Subject + Will/Shall + Be + Present Participle + …
He will be doing the assignment soon.
(-) Subject + Will/Shall + not + Be + Present Participle + …
He will not be doing the assignment soon.
(?) Will/Shall + Subject + Be + Present Participle + …
Will he be doing the assignment soon?
Present Future Continuous bisa kamu gunakan pada saat kamu ingin
mengungkapkan niat untuk melakukan sesuatu di masa yang akan
datang.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek memiliki niat untuk
mengerjakan tugasnya dalam waktu dekat.
11. Present Future Perfect Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Will + Have + Past Participle + …
He will have called her tonight.
(-) Subject + Will + not + Have + Past Participle + …
He will not have called her tonight.
(?) Will + Subject + Have + Past Participle + …
Will he have called her tonight?
Kamu dapat menggunakan Present Future Perfect Tense saat kamu
memiliki prediksi pasti tentang suatu kejadian di masa yang akan datang.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek diprediksikan akan
menelepon subjek kedua malam ini.
12. Present Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Will + Have + Been + Present Participle +
…
He will have been jogging for 30 minutes.
(-) Subject + Will + Not + Have + Been + Present Participle + …
He will not have been jogging for 30 minutes.
(?) Will + Subject + Have + Past Participle + …
Will he have been jogging for 30 minutes?
Present Future Perfect Continuous Tense dapat kamu gunakan apabila
kamu ingin membahas tentang suatu hal yang kamu ketahui akan
berlangsung dengan durasi tertentu di masa yang akan datang.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek tahu bahwa ia
akan jogging selama 30 menit di masa yang akan datang.
13. Past Future Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Would + Infinitive + …
He would cook dinner.
(-) Subject + Would + Not + Infinitive + …
He would not cook dinner.

5. (?) Would + Subject + Infinitive + …
Would he cook dinner?
Saat kamu menggunakan Past Future Tense, kamu membicarakan suatu
hal yang akan terjadi di masa yang akan datang, namun masa yang akan
datang tersebut sudah ada di masa lampau.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek akan memasak
makan malam, kemungkinan pada malam itu, namun semua kegiatan
ada di masa lampau. Misalnya, saat ini sudah satu minggu sejak malam
tersebut.
14. Past Future Continuous Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Would + Be + Present Participle + …
He would be leaving his house.
(-) Subject + Would + Not + Be + Present Participle + …
He would not be leaving his house.
(?) Would + Subject + Be + Present Participle + …
Would he be leaving his house?
Past Future Continuous Tense dapat digunakan apabila kamu ingin
membicarakan tentang suatu hal yang menurutmu pasti akan dilakukan
pada waktu spesifik di masa lampau.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek dipastikan akan
meninggalkan rumah di masa lampau.
15. Past Future Perfect Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Would + Have + Past Participle + …
He would have gone to Bali.
(-) Subject + Would + Not + Have + Past Participle + …
He would not have gone to Bali.
(?) Would + Subject + Have + Past Participle + …
Would he have gone to Bali?
Tense satu ini bisa kamu temukan pula dalam If Conditional tipe ketiga.
Dengan menambahkan kata ‘would’ dan ‘have’, Past Future Perfect Tense
dapat digunakan pada saat kamu ingin menunjukkan sebuah gagasan di
masa lampau yang tidak terjadi.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek bisa saja pergi ke Bali
di masa lampau, namun ia tidak melakukannya.
16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Formula: (+) Subject + Would + Have + Been + Past Participle +
…
He would have been working as an engineer for ten years.
(-) Subject + Would + Not + Have + Been + Past Participle + …

6. He would not have been working as an engineer for ten years.
(?) Would + Subject + Have + Been + Past Participle + …
Would he have been working as an engineer for ten years?
Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense dapat kamu gunakan bila kamu
ingin menyatakan suatu hal yang akan telah sedang terjadi di masa
lampau.
Contoh kalimat di atas menunjukkan bahwa subjek akan telah bekerja
sebagai insinyur selama sepuluh tahun di masa lampau.