This document discusses the physical, mental, emotional, social, and moral development of children aged 6 to 12 years old. It notes that during this stage, children experience steady growth, develop reasoning skills, gain more control over their emotions, want more independence but also want to socialize with peers, and start learning about morality and distinguishing right from wrong. The document emphasizes that it is important for schools, parents, and society to support children's development during this formative period through activities like sports, extracurricular activities, excursions, social groups, emotional outlets, creativity, and moral education.

1. Childhood Stage
(From 6 to 12 year old)
Dr.M.Deivam
Assistant Professor
Department of Education
The Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed to be University)
Gandhigram, Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu -624 302

2. Childhood
Stage
Physical
development
Mental
development
Emotional
development
Social
development
Moral
Development

3. Physical development
• The growth of bones and muscles are steady and
continuous in the childhood period.
• Permanent teeth begin to appear. There is
growth in height and weight.
• The motor activity like catching, throwing,
jumping etc.
• All organs of the body grow steadily. There is
sex antagonism. Boys hate the girls. The love
their own gang.

4. Cont.,
• Boys are dominant in nature and are
interested in adventure, excursions, and
playing games.
• Girls are tender and soft and are interested in
skipping, badminton etc.
• Sex instinct is commonly latent but emerges
with great force during puberty period.

5. Mental development
• Mental development goes on at a faster rate by
reasoning, thinking, imagination, association,
generalization and concentration etc.
• The child acts to think independently and
automatically. He is restless. He wants to explore
new things naturally. He wants to take into
account the actual realities of life situations. He
wants to become scientific and objective.

6. Cont.,
• He wants to experiment, study himself and
come to his own conclusions. He desires to
explore new knowledge and new areas of the
world.
• He is interested to discuss and interact with
others. He sincerely seeks guidance from the
teacher, but with his own logical reasoning
and applications.

7. Emotional Development
• The childhood stage the child can control
emotions.
• He can hide his feelings and control his
emotional outbursts. There is emotional
stability.
• There are complexes and sentiments during this
period. The complexes are due to repression,
inhibition etc. Sentiments like patriotism,
religion, scientific attitude etc. are formed to
make emotions more stable.

8. Social Development
• The child does not want to live with the
parents but wants to be independent.
• He considered them as providers of food and
shelter. He does not want to live in the house.
He wants to live with gang.
• He is interested in radio, movies, television,
tap recorders and other audio visual aids.

9. Cont.,
• He is interested in seeing different places,
musical competition, debating and other
social and literary activities.
• In short, he wants to mix with his friends,
classmates, elders, teachers etc. and tries to
develop his personality in various fields of life.

10. Moral development
• The child wants to know every aspect of life. He
wants to know the practice followed in
different religions and customs.
• He desires to form complexes and sentiments.
He has thirst for knowledge and new things.
• He distinguishes between good and bad. He
want to avoid bad things. He aspires to become
resourceful. He is interested to follow the path
of great persons and elders. But at the same
time he wants to know what is right and good.

11. Educational importance
• The period of childhood is formative where
the basic characteristic like outlooks, values
and ideals of the child are finally shaped.
• It is the duty of the parents, teachers and the
society to plan for their proper development.
• The school, however has a very important role
to play.

12. Proper physical development
• Well organised evening games and sports
should be provided regularly for children so
that they are able to have a proper physical
development.
• The teacher should see that every child takes
part in these games. Moring physical training
may also organized for resident students.

13. Provision for extra-mural activities
• The child has certain hidden qualities
endowed on him by nature at the time of his
birth.
• They have to be found out and properly
developed. It is only possible if a large
number of extra – mural activities are
provided in the school.

14. Provision for excursions and scouting
• The fact children start developing surplus
energy at this stage. They are interested in
adventure and roaming about here and there.
• Hence necessary and suitable provision should
be made for excursions, and outings for
them.
• The scouting movement also tries to satisfy
this need of the child. Hence it should be well
organized in the school.

15. Planning proper social development
• Children develop the gang spirit at this stage. In
order to channelise them in the right angle it is
necessary that group games and group
competitions should be arranged.
• Kilpartrick believes that it is a period of
competitive socialization. It is through these
group competitions that the child will develop
various qualities like discipline, self control,
sympathy and co-operation.

16. Proper emotional outlet
• This stage, however, is considered to be a
unique stage in the emotional development
of the child. It is only possible if proper outlets
for the emotional expressions of children are
provided.
• The teacher should try to redirect them in the
right channels. He should portray examples of
great men of the world before them for their
code of conduct.

17. Developing the creative instinct
• Children want to create something new. This
creative trend should be properly utilize.
• The teacher should provide opportunities
where children are in a position to accomplish
their creative instinct.

18. Mortal Training
• Piaget has come to the conclusion that child
of eight year accepts the moral values of the
society in which he lives and is also willing to
formulate his own moral codes.
• Hence it is necessary that some moral training
should be provided. Instruction may be
provide to have a moral value for the child.

19. Learning through self - activity
• Children like activities. They play more
important role in the educational system Self
activity inspires self-expression, leading to
self-realisation.

20. Thank you