Research Paper Using Word 2010 This assignment has two goals: 1) have students increase their understanding of the concept of Protecting Personal Information (PPI) and other ethical issues related to the use of information technology through research, and 2) learn to correctly use the tools and techniques within Word to format a research paper including using Word 2010/2013's citation tools. These skills will be valuable throughout students’ academic career. The paper will require a title page, NO abstract, three to four full pages of content with incorporation of a minimum of 3 external resources from credible sources, and a Works Cited/Reference page. Three pages of content means 3 full pages, to the bottom of the third page with text on page 4. Two pages plus several lines on the third page will not suffice. Note that submitting a paper that is less than three pages may affect your grade on several rubric items, including page length and several content items. Given a short, underdeveloped paper’s impact on several items in the rubric, a student submitting a paper less than three full pages is unlikely to score higher than a ‘C’ on this assignment. A list of topics from which students can choose is provided below. Wikipedia and similar websites are NOT creditable sources. Blogs and discussion groups are not creditable sources. The course textbook cannot be used as a source for the research paper. No more than 10% of the paper may be in the form of a direct citation from an external source. Topics for Research Paper 1. Personally Identifiable Information (PII) 1. Social Engineering 1. Employee Monitoring 1. Information Privacy 1. Electronic Medical Records 1. Biometrics (in terms of ethical and privacy issues) 1. Identity Theft 1. Use of Cookies 1. Privacy Laws related to Information Technology use 1. Intellectual Property Rights; Copyright Writing Quality for the Research Paper * All Grammar, Verb Tenses, Pronouns, Spelling, Punctuation, and Writing Competency should be without error. *Remember: spell-check, then proofread. Better yet, have a friend or colleague read it before submitting it. Read it out loud to yourself. * Remember: there is not their, your is not you're, its is not it's, too is not to or two, site is not cite, and who should be used after an individual, not that. For example, "the person WHO made the speech" not "the person THAT made the speech." * In a professional paper one does not use contractions (doesn't, don't, etc.) and one does not use the personal you or your. Use the impersonal as in the previous sentence. It is more business-like than saying, "Also in a professional paper you don't use contractions." This is not a speech, it is a research paper. First and second person should NOT be used. Complete rubrics for this paper are found in the table below. Element # Requirement Points Allocated Comments 01 Paper should be double-spaced, 1” margins, 12 point Arial type 0.5 This is the font in ...

1. Research Paper Using Word 2010
This assignment has two goals: 1) have students increase their
understanding of the concept of Protecting Personal Information
(PPI) and other ethical issues related to the use of information
technology through research, and 2) learn to correctly use the
tools and techniques within Word to format a research paper
including using Word 2010/2013's citation tools. These skills
will be valuable throughout students’ academic career. The
paper will require a title page, NO abstract, three to four full
pages of content with incorporation of a minimum of 3 external
resources from credible sources, and a Works Cited/Reference
page. Three pages of content means 3 full pages, to the bottom
of the third page with text on page 4. Two pages plus several
lines on the third page will not suffice. Note that submitting a
paper that is less than three pages may affect your grade on
several rubric items, including page length and several content
items. Given a short, underdeveloped paper’s impact on several
items in the rubric, a student submitting a paper less than three
full pages is unlikely to score higher than a ‘C’ on this
assignment.
A list of topics from which students can choose is provided
below. Wikipedia and similar websites are NOT creditable
sources. Blogs and discussion groups are not creditable
sources. The course textbook cannot be used as a source for the
research paper. No more than 10% of the paper may be in the
form of a direct citation from an external source.
Topics for Research Paper
1. Personally Identifiable Information (PII)
1. Social Engineering
1. Employee Monitoring

2. 1. Information Privacy
1. Electronic Medical Records
1. Biometrics (in terms of ethical and privacy issues)
1. Identity Theft
1. Use of Cookies
1. Privacy Laws related to Information Technology use
1. Intellectual Property Rights; Copyright
Writing Quality for the Research Paper
* All Grammar, Verb Tenses, Pronouns, Spelling, Punctuation,
and Writing Competency should be without error.
*Remember: spell-check, then proofread. Better yet, have a
friend or colleague read it before submitting it. Read it out loud
to yourself.
* Remember: there is not their, your is not you're, its is not it's,
too is not to or two, site is not cite, and who should be used
after an individual, not that. For example, "the person WHO
made the speech" not "the person THAT made the speech."
* In a professional paper one does not use contractions
(doesn't, don't, etc.) and one does not use the personal you or
your. Use the impersonal as in the previous sentence. It is more
business-like than saying, "Also in a professional paper you
don't use contractions."
This is not a speech, it is a research paper. First and second
person should NOT be used.
Complete rubrics for this paper are found in the table below.
Element #
Requirement

3. Points Allocated
Comments
01
Paper should be double-spaced, 1” margins, 12 point Arial type
0.5
This is the font in normal paragraphs. Heading and title fonts
may be in bold, but should remain in 12 point font.
02
Deliverable is at least three full pages and does not exceed five
typed, double-spaced pages
0.5
Charts and other graphical information are not included in the
page count. Title and reference pages are not included in page
count.
03
Title Page which shows title and author's (student's) name.
0.5
Title must be appropriate for content
04
At least three (3) APA formatted in-text citations.
You are required to use the References feature in Word
2010/2013 for your citations and Reference List. It is important
to review the final format for APA-style correctness even if
generated by Word.
2
These can be anywhere in the document, but the citations must
be relevant to what is being referenced and the APA format is
used correctly.
05
At least two (2) informational footnotes.
(Note: APA Style does not use footnotes for citations; however,
APA style does allow for the incorporation of informational
footnotes)

4. Footnotes are not used to list a reference! Footnotes contain
information about the topic to which the footnote has been
attached.
1.0
These can be anywhere in the document, but the informational
footnotes must be relevant to the associated text. The purpose
of this requirement is to effectively incorporate the information
and demonstrate that you can use the MS Word footnoting
functionality.
06
Reference Page using APA format for references
You are required to use the References feature in Word
2010/2013 for your citations and Reference List. It is important
to review the final format for APA-style correctness even if
generated by Word.
1.0
All works listed must be incorporated within the writing of your
paper as specified in APA style
07
Describe the topic and ethical issue as it relates to the use of
Information Technology
2
08
Discuss the trends, ways individuals and/or organizations are
impacted by the issue or are working to prevent the impact.
2
09
Paper must be well-organized, clearly written in a style
appropriate for college level work.
1
10

5. Paper should be grammatically correct and contain no spelling
errors.
1.5
Although you should use the SpellCheck and Grammar Check
function in Word, this will not catch all errors – you are
ultimately responsible for proofreading. Direct citations should
not exceed 10% of total words (use Word’s ‘word count’
function)
TOTAL:
12
BUS240 Assignment #6
Section 4.1
1. An experiment has three steps with three outcomes possible
for the first step, two outcomes possible for the second step,
and four outcomes possible for the third step. How many
experimental outcomes exist of the entire experiment?
2. How many was can three items be selected from a group of
six items? Use the letters A, B, C, D, E, and F to identify the
items, and list each different combinations of three items.

6. 3. How many permuations of three items can be selected from a
group of 6? Use the letters A, B, C, D, E, and F to identify the
items, and list each of the permutations of items B, D, and F
only.
4. Consider the experiment of tossing a coin three times.
a) Develop a tree diagram for the experiment
b) List the sample space(the collection of all outcomes)
c) What is the probability for each experimental outcome?

7. 5. Suppose an experiment has five equally likely events: E1, E2,
E3, E4, E5. Since these events are equally likely, what is the
probability of each event? Show that the sum of the
probabilities of all the events is 1.
6. An experiment with three outcomes: A, B, and C has been
repeated 50 times. It was learned that A occurred 20 times, B
occurred 13 times, and C occurred 17 times. Assign
probabilities to the outcomes. What method did you use?
7. A decision maker subjectively assigned the following
probabilities to the four outcomes of an experiment:
P(E1) = 0.1 P(E2) = 0.15 P(E3) = 0.40 and P(E4)
= 0.20
Are these probability assignments valid? Explain. (Hint: when
assigning probabilities to outcomes of a random experiment,
what two criteria must be satisfied?)
8. In the city of Milford, applications for zoning changes go

8. through a two-step process: a review by the planning
commission and a final decision by the city council. At step 1
the planning commission reviews the zoning change request and
makes a positive or negative recommendation. At step 2 the
city council then votes to approve or disapprove the zoning
change. Consider the application process as an experiment.
a. List the sample space for this experiment.
b. Construct a tree diagram for the experiment.
9. Suppose that a bank has 50 accounts and randomly selects 4
of them for screening. How many different samples of four
accounts are possible?
10. The table below shows the percentages of students who
graduate with debt as well as the average debt.
College
% with Debt
Amount($)

9. Pace
72
32,980
Iowa State
69
32,130
UMass
55
11,227
SUNY-Albany
64
11,856
Wartburg
83
28,758
Morehouse
94
27,000
Wellesley
55
10,206
Wofford
49
11,012
a. If you randomly choose a graduate of Morehouse College,
what is the probability that this individual graduated with debt?
b. If you randomly chose one of these eight institutions for a
follow-up study, what is the probability that you will chose an
institution with more than 60% of its graduates having debt?
c. If you randomly chose one of these eight institutions for a

10. follow-up study, what is the probability that you will chose an
institution whose graduates have an average debt of more than
$30,000?
d. What is the probability that a Pace University graduate does
not have debt?
11. A survey of motorcycle helmets was conducted and the
following information was gathered:
Helmet Type
Region
DOT- Compliant
Noncompliant
Northeast
96
62
Midwest
86
43
South
92
49
West
76
16
Total

11. 350
170
a) Use the sample data to compute an estimate of the probability
that a motorcyclist wears a DOT-compliant helmet.
b) What is the probability of DOT-compliant helmet use by
region of the country? What region has the highest probability
of DOT-compliant helmet use?
12. The Powerball lottery is a game where a participant selects
five numbers 1 through 55 and then a Powerball number from 1
through 42. To determine the winning numbers for each game,
lottery officials draw five white balls out of a drum with 55
white balls, and one red ball our of a drum of 42 red balls. To
win the jackpot, a participant’s numbers must match the
numbers on the five white balls in any order and the number on
the red Powerball.
a) Compute the number of ways the first five numbers can be
selected.

12. b) Compute the number of ways to choose the first five numbers
and powerball.
c) What is the probability of winning the Powerball jackpot?
Section 4.2
13. An experiment has four equally likely outcomes: E1, E2, E3,
E4
a) What is the probability that E2 occurs?
b) What is the probability that any two of the outcomes occur
(e.g. E1 or E3)?
c) What is the probability that any three outcomes occur? (E1,
E2, or E4)?
14. Consider the experiment of selecting a playing card from a
deck of 52 playing cards. Each card corresponds to a sample
point with a 1/52 probability.
a) List the sample points in the event an ace is selected.
b) List the sample points in the event a club is selected.

13. c) List the sample points in the event a face card is
selected(Jack, Queen, or King).
d) Find the probabilities associated with each of the events in
parts a-c.
15. Consider the experiment of rolling a pair of dice. Suppose
that we are interested in the sum of the face values showing on
the dice.
a) How many sample points are possible? (Hint: Use the
counting rule for multiple-step experiments)
b) List the sample space(all of the sample points).
c) What is the probability of obtaining a value of 7?
d) What is the probability of obtaining a value of 9 or greater?
e) Because each roll has six possible even values (2, 4, 6, 8, 10,
or 12) and only five possible odd values (3, 5, 7, 8, and 11), the
dice show even values more often that odd values. Do you
agree with this statement? Explain.
f) What method did you use to assign the probabilities
requested?
16) To investigate how often families eat at home, the following
survey results were collected from 496 families:
Number of Family Meals per Week
Number of Survey Responses

14. 0
11
1
11
2
30
3
36
4
36
5
119
6
114
7
139
a) The probability the family eats no meals at home during the
week.
b) The probability the family eats at least four meals at home
during the week.
c) The probability the family eats two or fewer meals at home
during the week.

15. 17) Do you think the government protects investors adequately?
This questions was asked to investors in both the US and Great
Britain. The responses are summarized in the table below:
Response
United States
Great Britain
Yes
187
197
No
334
411
Unsure
256
213
a) Estimate the probability that an investor in the United States
thinks the government is not protecting investors adequately.
b) Estimate the probability that an investor in Great Britain
thinks the government is not protecting investors adequately or
is unsure the government is protecting investors adequately.
c) For a randomly selected investor form these two countries,
estimate the probability that the investor thinks the government
is not protecting investors adequately.

16. Section 4.3
18) Suppose that we have a sample space with five equally
likely outcomes: : E1, E2, E3, E4, E5
Let A = {E1, E2}
B = {E3, E4}
C = {E2, E3, E5}
a) Find P(A), P(B), and P(C)
b) Find P(AB). Are A and B mutually exclusive? Explain.
c) Find Ac, Cc , P(Ac), and P(Cc)
d) Find ABc and P(ABc)
e) Find P(BC)

17. 19) Suppose that we have a sample space S = {E1, E2, E3, E4,
E5, E6, E7}. The following probability assignments apply:
P(E1) = 0.05, P(E2) = 0.20, P(E3) = 0.20, P(E4) = 0.25, P(E5) =
0.15, P(E6) = 0.10, P(E7) = 0.05
Let A = {E1, E4, E6}
B = {E2, E4, E7}
C = {E2, E3, E5, E7}
a) Find P(A), P(B), and P(C)
b) Find AB and P(AB)
c) Find AB and P(AB)
d) Are events A and C mutually exclusive? Explain.
e) Find Bc and P(Bc)
20) Clarkson University surveyed alumni to learn more about
what they think of the college. The responses where either that
the college fell short, met expectations, or surpassed

18. expectations. The results show that 4% did not provide a
response, 26% said that their experience fell short of
expectations, and 65% of the respondents said that their
experience met expectations.
a) If we chose an alumnus at random, what is the probability
that the alumnus would say their experience surpassed
expectations?
b) If we chose an alumnus at random, what is the probability
that the alumnus would say their experience met or surpassed
expectations?
22) A survey of magazine subscribers showed that 45.8% rented
a car during the past 12 months for business reasons, 54%
rented a car during the past 12 months for personal reasons, and
30% rented a car during the past 12 months for both business
and personal reasons.
a) What is the probability that a subscriber rented a car during
the past 12 months for business or personal reasons?
b) What is the probability that a subscriber did not rent a car
duing the past 12 months for either business or personal
reasons?