Title of This Paper <your name here> Florida International University CGS 3095 – <enter the semester here> Abstract This is a very brief synopsis of the entire paper, stating what the issue is and some idea of the approach or analysis used. You may also wish to state what you intend to show in this paper. The abstract will be a single paragraph. Title of the Paper1 INTRODUCTION This is the start of your paper. The first paragraph should briefly introduce the problem or issues, without too much detail. Briefly state what you intend to show in this paper. All should be double-spaced, as shown in this format sample. Margins are 1” on all sides. Add a page header as shown. Use fonts and font sizes exactly as shown in this document. Paragraph two should outline the structure of your paper, in a fashion similar to this. This paper is organized as follows. Section 1 presents a detailed description of the problem or issue, Section 2 describes..., and Section N presents conclusions. This part of the paper should be only one or two paragraphs long. Generally, two paragraphs is sufficient for the introduction.2. BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE (or whatever is appropriate for your topic) Major section numbers should then commence, using the heading formats shown below. Any figures or charts should be small in size, and may not be counted in the page count. They should be labeled “Figure a.b” where a represents the section number, and b represents the sequential numbering of figures within that section. 2.1 Section subheading You must have a minimum of five separate references, from different sources (i.e., do not use five web pages from the same web site). References must be done in IEEE style, and should start on a new page. In-line citations and reference numbering will be done in the IEEE fashion. References should be dated within the past 3 years. Each reference is double-spaced as shown at the end of this format document. References should appear in the References section in the order in which they are used in the body of the paper [1], not alphabetically. Inline citations should use reference document numbers instead of author names [2]. An easy way to get the References format correct is to use the Citation Machine web site to build your references, located at https://www.citationmachine.net/style At the top of this page, select IEEE, then select the type of reference (journal, book, etc.). Then enter the information on the associated screen, and let this web site build the correct reference format for you, which can then be copied and pasted into your References section. Build the references as you write the paper, so that you will not have to go back and determine the source of the material in your paper. You can also use Microsoft Word’s reference generator. Web-based references are permissible, but should be solid articles, not blogs, forum posts, or multimedia links (unless absolut ...

1. Title of This Paper
<your name here>
Florida International University
CGS 3095 – <enter the semester here>

2. Abstract
This is a very brief synopsis of the entire paper, stating what
the issue is and some idea of the approach or analysis used.
You may also wish to state what you intend to show in this
paper. The abstract will be a single paragraph.
Title of the Paper1 INTRODUCTION
This is the start of your paper. The first paragraph should
briefly introduce the problem or issues, without too much detail.
Briefly state what you intend to show in this paper. All should
be double-spaced, as shown in this format sample. Margins are
1” on all sides. Add a page header as shown. Use fonts and font
sizes exactly as shown in this document.

3. Paragraph two should outline the structure of your paper, in a
fashion similar to this. This paper is organized as follows.
Section 1 presents a detailed description of the problem or
issue, Section 2 describes..., and Section N presents
conclusions. This part of the paper should be only one or two
paragraphs long. Generally, two paragraphs is sufficient for the
introduction.2. BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE (or
whatever is appropriate for your topic)
Major section numbers should then commence, using the
heading formats shown below. Any figures or charts should be
small in size, and may not be counted in the page count. They
should be labeled “Figure a.b” where a represents the section
number, and b represents the sequential numbering of figures
within that section.
2.1 Section subheading
You must have a minimum of five separate references, from
different sources (i.e., do not use five web pages from the same
web site). References must be done in IEEE style, and should
start on a new page. In-line citations and reference numbering
will be done in the IEEE fashion. References should be dated
within the past 3 years. Each reference is double-spaced as
shown at the end of this format document. References should
appear in the References section in the order in which they are
used in the body of the paper [1], not alphabetically. Inline
citations should use reference document numbers instead of
author names [2]. An easy way to get the References format
correct is to use the Citation Machine web site to build your
references, located at https://www.citationmachine.net/style At
the top of this page, select IEEE, then select the type of
reference (journal, book, etc.). Then enter the information on
the associated screen, and let this web site build the correct
reference format for you, which can then be copied and pasted
into your References section. Build the references as you write
the paper, so that you will not have to go back and determine
the source of the material in your paper. You can also use
Microsoft Word’s reference generator.

4. Web-based references are permissible, but should be solid
articles, not blogs, forum posts, or multimedia links (unless
absolutely central to your topic). ). Do not use Wikipedia,
Yahoo Answers, or other non-academic encyclopedias or answer
sites. Dictionaries do not count as one of your five references.
If the web article is from a newspaper for journal site, treat the
article as if it is a print reference. If you have problems
determining how to cite a source, contact the instructor for
assistance.
If a single reference is used more than once in the paper, its
number remains the same throughout the paper. Do not list the
same reference more than once in the References section.
For the purposes of this assignment, page count should consider
only the body of the paper. Do not count the Title page,
abstract page, reference page(s), or diagrams/images when
determining if you have met the page count requirements.
Minimum page count for this assignment is 5 pages double-
spaced. Maximum is 8 pages double-spaced. Images should not
be used in this research paper.
A research paper should never use first person (I, me, my) or
second person (you, yours). Only third person should be used.
It should not have a chatty tone as might be found in a magazine
column, but should be a formal, educational tone. Your goal is
to inform the reader about the topic, give him/her an in-depth
understanding, and then present your conclusions. The paper
should have minimal "what is" or "how to", because this paper's
audience is echnologically savvy, and the paper's goal is to do
an ethical and global analysis of your issue.
Direct quotes from your references should almost never be used.
You must demonstrate that you can research, read, understand,
and discuss your topic in your own words. Cobbling together a
set of quoted passages will earn a grade of F, regardless of the
use of citations.
Make frequent backups of your paper as you work on it. You
may choose to leave the formatting details until the very end,
but plan at least an hour or two to get the formatting correct.

5. Remember the Undo button when Word does not understand
what you intended for it to do.
Anti-plagiarism software will be used to check your paper, and
all references will be also be checked for accuracy. Simply
changing a few words in each sentence and adding a citation is
not acceptable – it is plagiarism. You are expected to read and
understand the material, and be able to express it in your own
words. When you do so, you will still use a citation to give
credit to the original author of the material. Plagiarism will
result in heavy penalties. For more detailed information on what
constitutes plagiarism, please take 15 minutes to read these
articles to avoid a failing grade on the paper:
1. What is plagiarism?
http://www.plagiarism.org/research_site/e_what_is_plagiarism.h
tml
2. Types of plagiarism:
http://www.plagiarism.org/research_site/e_what_is_plagiarism.h
tml
3. Plagiarism FAQs:
http://www.plagiarism.org/research_site/e_faqs.html
4. What is citation?
http://www.plagiarism.org/research_site/e_citation.html
2. 2 Section subheading
This shows the numbering for subsections. 3. NEXT SECTION
MAJOR HEADING
3.1 Section subheading
Remember that the main purpose of your paper is to perform a
global analysis of your topic and an ethical analysis of all sides
of the issue. Present your global analysis by contrasting how
your topic effects / is handled in at least two different countries
or regions; you must mention at least two different countries (or
regions) by name and give concrete examples! This is the main

6. focus for the paper. For your ethical analysis, give a one or two
sentence description of the ethical theory approach(es) that will
be used. Then show how using this ethical theory approach can
lead to a conclusion that the issue is ethical or unethical. The
ethical analysis may be a separate section, or it may be woven
into the analysis as the various aspects of the issue are
presented. If your paper does not use an ethical theory and
include a global analysis of the issue, the paper will not earn a
good grade. The majority of your paper should NOT be about
what the technology is or how it works. The majority of your
paper should be an exploration and analysis of the global and
ethical issues. Be sure to clearly indicate why technology
created or helped to create this ethical issue.
N. CONCLUSIONS (substitute the appropriate section number
for N and remove this note)
3
<your name here>
CGS 3095 – <semester here>
Paragraph(s) which summarizes your paper. Tell what you have
shown and make conclusions. The paper does not have to take a
position on whether the issue it presented is ethical or not. This
section may simply recap what has been presented in the paper.
Don’t forget to use the spell checker and grammar checker
available in Microsoft Word. The overall quality of your
writing is also being graded.REFERENCES
[1] Cheng, P., Kilis, D., & Knight, F. (1997). Knowledge
assessment using fuzzy conceptual representation. Proceedings
of the 1997 ACM symposium on Applied Computing, 3-9.
(sample to show formatting only)
[2] <next reference>...
Department of Homeland Security
Executive Summary

7. Abstract: The Department of Homeland Security was formed in
2003 to prepare and defend
the United States from threats to the safety and security of the
country. This document will
provide an overview of the history leading to its formation, the
design of its components,
and the mission it was charged to complete.
Background: The terrorist attacks of 9/11 decimated the
perceived safety of the citizenry of
the United States. The 9/11 commission report detailed failures
of the intelligence, law
enforcement, and first response efforts. The Department of
Homeland Security was formed
to consolidate the efforts of specific federal agencies to be
better prepared to disrupt,
defend, and recover from major national catastrophes.
These changes to the organization of the Executive Branch were
not made without a massive
effort and considerable difficulty. The formation and
subsequent reorganizations have
brought considerable scrutiny on the department and its
components.

8. Discussion: The mission of the Department of Homeland
Security is a commitment to
relentless resilience, striving to prevent future attacks against
the United States and out
allies, responding decisively to natural and man-made disasters,
and advancing American
prosperity and economic security long into the future.
The formation of an entirely new cabinet level agency within
the Executive branch resulted
in massive changes to other agencies within the government.
The seven agencies that
comprise the Department were extracted from the Departments
of Defense, Interior,
Defense, Treasury, and others. Outcry about the reorganization
was vast and expected, as
funds were diverted from existing agencies to pay for the new
organization.
New agencies were formed by merging existing organizations
which resulted in new,
sweeping authorities and streamlined reporting. Immigration
and Customs Enforcement
was formed by the merger of Immigration and Naturalization
Service and the investigative

9. arm of the Customs Service. Enforcement and inspections of
those respective agencies were
reformed under Customs and Border Protection. United States
Citizen and Immigration
Service was extracted from the administrative portions of the
Immigration and
Naturalization Service.
The Coast Guard was extracted from the Department of Defense
to provide resources for
both response and recovery operations. The Secret Service was
removed from the
Department of Treasury in order to provide consistency in
efforts to defend our critical
components and infrastructure.
The Federal Emergency Management Agency was a
consolidation of federal recovery assets
that were poised to provide resiliency efforts. The first major
test of their organization
occurred in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. The results were
abysmal and a major
reorganization was ordered.

10. The major failure to prevent the attacks of 9/11 was blamed
largely on the inability of the
intelligence community to share information. Within the
Department of Homeland Security,
the intelligence gathering, processing, and reporting was
streamlined to share information.
This new platform of collaboration was not only within the
department but also outside it.
New task forces were formed, including efforts to partner with
vetted agencies outside the
borders of the United States.
Recommendation: The mission of the Department of Homeland
Security is one that requires
rapid change and adaptability. The separate components of the
agency must remain vigilant
and flexible to combat the ever changing threats to the United
States. As additional threats
emerge, the Department of Homeland Security must develop
new capabilities to combat
them and deal with the aftermath.