Fossil fuels like coal and gas have been heavily used by humankind, changing the atmosphere and global temperatures. However, fossil fuels are non-renewable and their use produces toxins and plastic pollution. The document discusses alternatives like solar and hydroelectric energy which do not have the same disadvantages as fossil fuels. Solar energy can be generated from sunlight but is limited by weather, while hydroelectric plants are expensive to build and can damage habitats. In conclusion, alternative renewable sources should be used more to protect the planet since fossil fuels will eventually be depleted.

1. Fossil Fuels
Humankind is responsible for the massive use
of fossil fuels which has changed the
atmosphere and temperature of the planet.
Toxins and plastic are an accumulating
problem of the oceans , land and air, while
technology is becoming our second if not our
first nature.Discuss
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2. Contents
• What are the fossil fuels (p3)
• What is the use of fossil fuels (p4)
• Advantages (p 5,6)
• Disadvantages (p 7,8)
• Alternatives (p9-17)
• Conclusion (p18)

3. Fossil fuels
• Fossil fuels are fuels such as coal and gas formed
by geological changes. They were formed in
millions of years when living organism and
plants were buried in the soil or because of
earthquakes and the pressure of high
temperatures of the earth’s layers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuel

4. Use of fossil fuels
• Fossil fuels are used to produce plastics,
medicines, cosmetics and much more. Factories
also use them as raw material to generate
electricity. In addition fossil fuels are processed
to make gas in order to move our cars.
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fossil_fuel

5. Advantages in the use o fossil fuels
• People consume fossil fuels at an incredible rate.
They are a man’s— best friend.
• The main reason for this consumption is their
capacity to generate huge amounts of electricity
• They are very easy to discover
• They are also really easy to transport
• Factories can be constructed in any location

6. • Fossil fuels are inexpensive, especially coal
• Due to their stability and consistency we can
store them for a long time
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7. Disadvantages in the use of fossil fuels
• Fossil fuels are known to be harmful for our
planet as the toxic they produce is the main
reason of global warming
• They are non renewable sources. Fossil fuels
cant be exhausted and they are not abundant

8. The ozone layer that protect us from UV rays is
getting destroyed by the toxic carbon dioxide

9. Alternative ways
• We can admit that the consequences are more
than many! That is why humans have found a lot
of alternative ways that can have the same use as
fossil fuels:
• Solar Energy
• Hydroelectric Energy

10. Solar energy
For sure the sunlight is plenty on our planet. But
is it possible to replace fossil fuels?
Sunlight converts into electricity either by using
photovoltaics or by using concentrated solar
power.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power

11. Advantages of solar energy
• Solar energy is a resource that is not only
sustainable for energy consumption, it is
indefinitely available. Solar power can be used to
generate electricity, it is also used in simple
technology to heat water (solar water heaters).
• Solar panels also require little maintenance

12. Disadvantages of solar power
• The primary disadvantage of solar power is that
it is not available during the night. The power
generated is also reduced due to bad weather
conditions, so there is no energy on a cloudy day
• Solar panels can not be made in any location and
they can be very expensive.
http://www.seia.org/about/solar-energy

13. https://www.google.gr/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=
0ahUKEwjI3eeU_8LTAhXMPhQKHcFxBl8QjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zmescience.co
m%2Fscience%2Ffacts-about-solar-
energy%2F&psig=AFQjCNFJknHIqlbw6M67qiehtRjRPgCQuQ&ust=1493326032086966

14. Hydroelectric Power
• Hydroelectric power is electricity generated by
hydropower. Hydropower is applied through the
gravitational force of falling or flowing water.
Electricity is created when the water is passed
over large mechanical turbines, the water
pressure forces the turbines to turn, the
mechanical energy created is then turned into
electricity.

15. Advantages of hydroelectric power
Hydroelectricity does not "use" water, all of the
water is returned to its source of origin.
Hydroelectric power can be created all year long, as
long as the body of water it is using never runs dry.
It is also another absolutely clean source of energy.
The power plants, once in place, do not create any
waste byproducts in their conversion.

16. Disadvantages of hydroelectric power
• Like all power plants, hydroelectric plants are very
expensive to build, and must be built to a very high
standard. The high cost means that plants must be
used for a long time to become profitable. It can also
create flooding of land, which means natural
environment and the natural habitat of animals, and
even people, may be destroyed.
• They can’t be built in any location
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectricity

18. Conclusion
After all I firmly believe that human beings
ought to respect their planet, and alternative
ways must be used more often because fossil
fuels will soon run out!

19. Thank you for your
attention!
Project in English 2017
by Stavroula Marafelia
C3
Teacher: Dimitra Dertili
2nd Experimental Junior High School of Athens