School Project I presented in November 2009. Brief description: "Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a neurological disorder characterized by tics: involuntary, rapid, sudden movements or vocalizations that occur repeatedly in the same way. The cause has not been established and as yet there is no cure."
2. Tourette Syndrome
1885: George Albert Edward Gilles de la Tourette first
recorded the symptoms in the Marquis de Dampierre
A syndrome is “a group of symptoms that collectively
indicate or characterize a disease, disorder, or other
abnormal condition.”
Neurological disorder characterized by tics
Tics can be mild or severe in nature
3. Tourette Syndrome Defined
Tourette Syndrome is a chronic, genetically transmitted
neurochemical disorder that causes involuntary
motor movements and vocalizations that are sounds,
words, or a combination of the two.
4. Prevalence of Tourettes
Figures range from 1:2000 to 1:100, approximately
0.005 to 0.03 or 0.5% to 3% of the population
Tourettes occurs more in males than females
Females have higher incidents of Obsessive
Compulsive Disorders
5. Tics Defined
Rapid, involuntary, sudden movements or
vocalizations that occur rapidly at irregular intervals
Two types of tics(Motor and Vocal):
1. Simple – sudden, meaningless movements of
individual muscle groups
2.Complex – groups of movements using more than one
muscle group that is definite
6. Tic Characteristics
Onset average is 7 years of age
Determined in school age children
Described as on urge or extreme need to carry out
actions
External – what can be seen
Examples: head jerking, kicking, grimacing, etc
Internal - what can not be seen
Examples: abdominal tensing, jaw clicking, etc.
Tourette Sydrome PSA (28 seconds)
7. Types of Tics
There are several types of tics. These are the 10 most
common.
1. Simple Motor Tics
2.Complex Motor Tics
3. Simple Vocal Tics
4.Complex Motor Tics
5.Copropraxia
6.Echopraxia
7.Coprolalia
8. Type of Tics Continued
8. Palilalia
9. Echolalia
10. Speech Atypicalities
13. Medications continued
Central Nervous System (CNS)Stimulants are a
substance that increases nervous excitability and
alertness.
Examples:
Ritalin
Dexadrine
Cylert
15. Medications continued
Anti hyper tensives are drugs that stop the message
from getting through to certain muscle groups.
Examples
Catapress
Tenex
16. Behaviour Issues
Rage is part of what an individual might experience as a
result of having to control or stop their behaviour.
Aggression is a factor that will increase the way tics
present itself.
17. Medical Breakthrough
Now known to be caused by a specific genetic
mutation as early as 2005.
Research has been published in a Issue of Science
Magazine, dated October 14, 2005.
Discovery of gene inversion on chromosome 13, “flip-
flop”
Focus on breakpoints: gene SLITRK1 (brain growth
and neuron interconnections)
18. Famous people that have
Tourettes
Dr. Samuel Johnson Poet 1709-1784
Jim Eisenreich Baseball Player 1959-
Howard Hughes Actor 1905-1976
Howie Mandel TV Host 1955-
Dan Acroyd Actor 1952-
David Beckham Soccer Player 1975-
19. Professionals
David E. Comings, M.D
Richard P. Lifton, MD, Ph. D
Local interviewee
Carl Lockyer, founder of the Tourette Syndrome
Foundation of Thunder Bay.
20. Videos
Music Video
Enya - TS Video, "The Tics" (2 minutes 17 Seconds)
VHS Clip
“I Have Tourette But Tourettes Doesn’t Have Me”
(4 minutes 51 seconds)
21. Tourette Syndrome Defined
Tourette Syndrome is a chronic, genetically transmitted
neurochemical disorder that causes involuntary
motor movements and vocalizations that are sounds,
words, or a combination of the two.
22. Information
Tourette Syndrome Foundation of Canada
National Office
#206, 194 Jarvis Street
Toronto, Ontario
Canada M5B 2B7
Telephone: (416) 861-8398
Toll Free: 1-800-361-3120
Facsimile: (416) 861-2472
Copropraxia is defined as repetitive swearing. Echopraxia is defined as a compulsion to repeat words or sounds. Coprolalia is defined as making rude or inappropriate gestures.
Palilalia is defined as the repetition or echoing of one's own spoken words. Echolalia is defined as the involuntary parrot-like repetition (echoing) of a word or phrase just spoken by another person. Speech atypicalities are rhythms, tone, accents, or intensity of speech.
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders are undesired thoughts, and/or behaviours that lead to distress for the individual affected. Trichtillomania is compulsive hair pulling. Types of OCD are Checkers, Washers and Cleaners, Orderers, Obessionals and lastly Hoarders Checkers feel compelled to check things repeatedly (house doors, “off” lights, ) Washers and Cleaners have an irrational fear of contamination. (Hands, clothing, houses) Orderers must do everything in the right order or way. Changes upset the order of things.
Neuroleptics – Decrease motor and phonic tics
Antidepressants are any type of medication that is used to treat or prevent depression.