Veins transport deoxygenated blood back to the heart. They have three layers and are more distensible than arteries due to less muscle and connective tissue. One-way valves in the veins, especially in the legs, allow blood to flow against gravity back to the heart. Vein disorders include thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, and varicose veins caused by altered blood flow and valve problems. Thrombophlebitis is vein inflammation from blood clots caused by stasis, vessel wall damage, and hypercoagulability. Risk factors include surgery, trauma, obesity, and oral contraceptives. Treatment involves anticoagulants, elevation, heat, and sometimes surgery to remove cl

8. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)

19. Venous ulceration

27. Vein ligation and stripping