Chapter 1.2 covers the simple past tense, detailing its usage for completed actions in the past, including grammatical rules for regular and irregular verbs. It provides examples of affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences, as well as time expressions that indicate past actions. Additionally, it includes WH questions and explanations on the verb 'to be' in the simple past.

2. TEMARIO
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
1. Simple past.
2. Grammatical Rules.
3. Time Expression.
4. Affirmative Form Past.
5. Negative Form Past.
6. Interrogative Form Past.
7. WH questions
TO DO
TO BE

3. THE SIMPLE PAST
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
Se utiliza para describir acciones que sucedieron en un tiempo
anterior y que ya han finalizado.
Example Irregular verb:
• Mi madre hizo un sandwich para mi
• My mother made a sandwich for me
Verb make: hacer, past : made
Example regular verb:
• Ellas hablaron ayer
• They talked yesterday
Verb Talk: hablar, past : talked

4. GRAMMATICAL RULES
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
Regular verbs:
Add – ed Example: Walk – Walked Clean – Cleaned Work - worked
• Verbs ending in a vowel and Y
Add – ed Example: Stay – Stayed Play – Played
• Verbs ending in: e
Add – d Example: Die – Died Close – Closed Live – Lived
• Verbs ending in Consonant + Y
Change the “Y” to i and then add – ed Example:
Study – Studied Marry – Married Cry – Cried
• Verbs ending in One vowel + one consonant but not ending in W or Y
Double the consonant + ed example: Commit – committed Wrap –wrapped

5. GRAMMATICAL RULES
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
Irregular Verbs: No rules only form Past simple. Example:
INFINITIVE PAST SIMPLE SPANISH
Be Was / were Ser ó estar
Buy Bought Comprar
Choose Chose Elegir- escoger
Come Came Venir
Do Did Hacer
Drink Drank Beber
Eat Ate Comer
Go Went Ir
Have Had Haber o tener
Make Made Hacer
Run Ran Correr
Say Said Decir - contar

6. COMPLETED ACTION IN THE PAST
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
Una acción que inicia o finaliza en tiempo pasado. Example:
TIME EXPRESIÓN.
LAST AGO YESTERDAY
Last night 10 minutes ago Yesterday
Last Sunday An hour ago Yesterday morning
Last week Three days ago Yesterday afternoon
Last weekend A week ago Yesterday evening
Last year A month ago The day before yesterday
Last month A year ago
Last night, I watched television I played football 5 days ago

7. DURATIÓN IN THE PAST
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
Example:
TIME EXPRESIÓN.
FOR ALL
For three minutes All day
For two hours All night
For five days All morning
For a fortnight All afternoon
For two months All evening
Martha and Rita talked for two hours Jaime played football all morning

8. AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
They learned English. Ellos aprendieron Ingles
SUBJECT COMPLEMENTVERB IN PAST TENSE
I learned
You learned
He learned
She learned
It learned
We learned
You learned
They learned
English

9. NEGATIVE SENTENCES
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
He didn´t work in the company.
El no trabajo en la empresa
SUBJECT COMPLEMENT
VERB IN
INFINITIVE
FORM
I did not work
You did not work
He did not work
She did not work
It did not work
We did not work
You did not work
They did not work
DIDN´T
In the
company

10. QUESTION FORM
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
¿Did you close the door?. ¿Cerraste la puerta?
SUBJECT COMPLEMENT ?
VERB IN
INFINITIVE
FORM
¿ did I close
¿ did You close
¿ did he close
¿ did she close
¿ did it close
¿ did we close
¿ did you close
¿ did they close
DID
The
door?

11. REMEMBER ME
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE SHORT ANSWERS
I
WORKED..
Didn´t work…
Did not work..
¿ Did
I
Work ...?
Yes, I did
No, I didn´t
YOU YOU Yes, you did
No, you didn´t
HE HE Yes, he did
No, he didn´t
SHE SHE Yes, she did
No, she didn´t
IT IT Yes, It did
No, It didn´t
WE WE Yes, we did
No, we didn´t
YOU YOU Yes, you did
No, you didn´t
THEY THEY Yes, they did
No, they didn´t

12. AFFIRMATIVE FORM . TO BE
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
SUBJECT COMPLEMENTVERB TO BE IN PAST
SUBJECT VERB to
be IN PAST
COMPLEMENT SPANISH
I Was at Elena’s house last night Yo estuve en la casa de Elena anoche
YOU Were an excelent socer player Tu fuiste un excelente jugador de futbol
HE Was in the street when the bus
crashed
El estaba en la calle cuando el bus choco
SHE Was hungry Ella estaba hambrienta
IT Was dirty before they cleaned it Eso estaba sucio antes de que lo
limpiaran
WE Were always angry Nosotros estábamos siempre enojados
YOU Were in a trip in Italy Ustedes estaban en un viaje alrededor
de Italia
THEY Were late to work Ellos llegaron tarde a trabajar
Comúnmente el verbo To be en pasado se traduce como I was – Yo era; Yo estaba.

13. NEGATIVE FORM . TO BE
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
SUBJECT COMPLEMENTVERB TO BE
IN PAST
NOT
You Were not in Italy Tu no estuviste en Italia
He Wasn´t in italy El no estuvo en Italia
QUESTIÓN FORM. TO BE
VERB TO BE
IN PAST
SUBJECT COMPLEMENT
¿ Were You in Italy ? ¿Estuviste en Italia?
RTA/ Yes, I was / No I wasn´t
¿ Was He in Italy ? ¿Estuvo Juan en Italia?
RTA/ Yes, he was in Italy / NO, he wasn´t

14. Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE SHORT ANSWERS
I Was
In the
park
was not /
wasn’t
¿ was I
In the
park ?
Yes, I Was
No, I Wasn´t
YOU were were not /
weren’t
¿ were YOU Yes, you were
No, you Weren´t
HE Was was not /
wasn’t
¿ was HE Yes, he Was
No, he Wasn´t
SHE Was was not /
wasn’t
¿ was SHE Yes, she Was
No, she Wasn´t
IT Was was not /
wasn’t
¿ was IT Yes, it Was
No, it Wasn´t
WE Wer
e
were not /
weren’t
¿ were WE Yes, we were
No, we Weren´t
YOU Wer
e
were not /
weren’t
¿ were YOU Yes, you were
No, you Weren´t
THEY were
were not /
weren’t
¿ were THEY Yes, they were
No, they Weren´t

15. WH QUESTIONS
WITH SIMPLE PAST OF TO BE
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
SUBJECT COMPLEMENTVERB TO BE
IN PAST
WH
PAST SIMPLE “BE” WH QUESTIONS
SINULAR
WHO
WHAT
WHEN
WHERE
WHY
HOW
Was I
?
Were You
Was
He
She
It
PLURAL
Were
We
You
They

16. Example
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
¿Where was the brown cat?....The brown cat was in the bag
¿donde estuvo el gato café?... El gato café estuvo en la bolsa
¿When was he born? …. He was born in 1981
¿cuando nació el?..... Él nació en 1981
¿How was she?.... She was fine
¿como estaba ella?.... Ella estaba bien
¿Why was she absent?.... Because She was sick
¿por qué ella estaba ausente?... Porque ella estaba enferma
¿Who were your friends at school?... They were Angela and Fanny
¿quienes fueron sus amigas en la escuela?... Ellas fueron Ángela y Fanny

17. WH QUESTIONS
WITH SIMPLE PAST OF TO DO
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
SUBJECT COMPLEMENTVERB TO DO
IN PAST
WH
PAST SIMPLE “BE” WH QUESTIONS
SINULAR
WHO
WHAT
WHEN
WHERE
WHY
HOW
Did
I
?
You
He
She
It
PLURAL
We
You
They

18. Example
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST.
-What did you prepare for dinner?......¿Qué preparaste para la cena?
-I prepared a pizza……..(Preparé una pizza)
- When did she arrive?......¿Cuándo llegó ella?
-She arrived last week……Ella llegó la semana pasada
- Where did they go?........¿A dónde fueron ellos?
- They went to the store….Ellos fueron a la tienda
- Why did he buy a new TV?
¿Por qué compró él una nueva televisión?
-He bought a new TV, because it had a great discount…..
-Él compró una nueva televisión, porque tenía un gran descuento

19. GRACIAS
Capitulo 1.2 THE SIMPLE PAST