difference in health, DC vs LDC

1. Chapter 3
Health and Diseases
Part 2:
Difference in health, DC
vs LDC

2. Objectives
•What are the 3 key
categories of factors that
lead to a difference in
health between DC and
LDC?

3. The Big Three
Social Factors
• Diet
• Lifestyle
• Education
Economic Factors
• Poverty and
affluence
• Investments in
healthcare, access
to services
Environmental
Factors
• Living
conditions
• Access to
potable water

4. Social Factors
•Diet
•Lifestyle choices
•Education

5. Diet
• Food and drink that individuals
and communities consume.
• Poor diet leads to malnutrition.
• Obesity is the condition of
excessive consumption of
nutrients which are stored as fat.
PG 184

6. Lifestyle choices
• Habits, attitudes and activates in life.
• Bad lifestyle choices lead to significant health
issues
– Smoking, consumption of alchohol and drug
taking
– Physical activity – lack of
– Balanced diet – lack of
• Potentially leading to chronic diseases like
diabetes, heart disease & depression.
PG 184 &
185

7. Education
• Process of teaching and learning.
• Taken in context of formal
institutions.
• Higher education will lead to greater
opportunity to be employed / have
higher disposable income.
PG 186

8. Economic Factors
1.Poverty and Affluence
2.Investment in
healthcare and access
to health services

9. Poverty & Affluence
• Health issues in LDCs tend to be a result
of poverty
–Condition where there is a shortage of
financial or other material resources.
–Limits access to key nutrition
–Limits access to medical services
–Concept of poverty line is vital, living below
the poverty line has a strong impact on
health

10. Affluence
• Having abundant supply of money, property
and other materials.
• Greater access to food and better quality
health services
• Overall better resistance to diseases and
better ability to deal with diseases.
• Higher risk of over-eating, over nutrition,
obesity.

11. Investment in health care and access
to health services
• Health care refers to resources devoted by
government, businesses or individuals
• Addresses health and medical needs of the
population
• Money used to build infrastructure and buy
equipment
• Amount and quality of healthcare depends on
affluence.

12. Doctor-patient ratio
• High Doctor-Patient Ratio
–More able to look out for
patients
–Easier to get access to a doctor
–DC tends to have better ratios
•Exceptions do exist, CUBA.

13. Environmental factors
1.Living conditions
2.Access to potable
water
3.Proper sanitation

14. Living Conditions
• Set of characteristics that include
housing, living spaces and access to basic
services.
• Durable housing of a permanent nature
• Sufficient living space
• Easy access to safe water (affordable
price)
• Access to adequate sanitation

15. Access to safe drinking water
• Potable water
–Water that can be safely consumed
• Lace of access leads to spread of
waterborne diseases
–Cholera
–Hepatitis
–Lead poisoning

16. Proper sanitation
• Facilities for safe storage, treatment and
disposal of waste
• Proper management of human waste is
integral in controlling the spread of
disease
• Human waste contains harmful micro-
organisms that can be deadly

17. Review
• How does having more disposable
income help alleviate each of the
negative factors that have been
mentioned?
• Besides the individuals having more
disposable income, how can a
government help it’s people overcome
these negative factors?