There are two main types of IoT standards: downward-facing standards that establish device connectivity and upward-facing standards that provide common application interfaces. Software standards need a balance between generalization to cover different areas while also making implementation convenient for developers. Popular programming approaches for IoT include mashups using data from multiple sources, microservices architectures, and event-driven dynamic languages like JavaScript. Educational programs should cover topics like sensing, networking, security, data integration, processing and applications.

1. On Internet of Things
Programming Models
Dmitry Namiot
Lomonosov Moscow State University dnamiot@gmail.com
Manfred Sneps-Sneppe
University of Latvia manfreds.sneps@gmail.com
DCCN 2016

2. Contents
• IoT standards as best practices
• Software standards as de-facto standards
• Programming challenges for IoT systems
• IoT educational programs

3. IoT Standards / 1
• Standards for the IoT could be classified as:
• downward-facing standards that establish
connectivity with devices
• upward-facing standards that provide common
application interfaces up to end users and
application developers.
• The key moment for software development in
telecom and related areas (IoT is among them)
is time to market indicator

4. IoT Standards / 2
• The main question to any software standard is
the generalization.
• "all or nothing“ model - covers all the areas of
the life cycle
• In software standards, the excessive
generalization (unification) could be the biggest
source of the problems.
• All the standards should make its
implementation by the most convenient way for
developers.

5. FIWare

6. Smart City & IoT

7. Mashups & DaaS
• The services are not finalized
• The most of IoT application - mashups
• Mashups use data from several data sources.
• On programming level - scripting languages and
systems for fast prototyping
• In the modern software architecture world -
micro-services
• Data as a Service (DaaS) - the separation for
data and proceedings

8. Programming languages
• The next growing interest in the dynamic
languages.
• The perfect example here is JavaScript
• Technically - a great support for event-driven
apps
• The nature of IoT projects - asynchronous
communications. And event-driven models are
the most suitable solution.
• JSON vs. XML
• Dart programming language from Google

9. IoT functional analysis

10. Data processing

11. Lambda architecture

12. Kappa architecture

13. The common architecture

14. On educational programs
• Sensing,
• Network connectivity
• IoT security
• Data integration
• Data processing and applications.