2. Organization is the pattern of ways in
which large numbers of people, too
many to have intimate face to face
contact with all others, and engaged
in a complexity of tasks, relate
themselves to each other in the
conscious, systematic establishment
and accomplishment of mutually
agreed purposes.
John M. Pffifner & Frank
Sherwood
3. Organizations are not concrete,
physical entities; an organization
may have properties both physical
and abstract…. An additional
complexity in definition is caused
by many types of organization….
Richard A. Johnson, et al
4. Conflicts
ď‚› Conflict arise among organization because
they have different goals and values
ď‚› Conflicts are present because its people
decide on all matters.
ď‚› Conflict is both personal and organizational in
nature.
5. Conflicts are inevitable despite
managerial efficiency and
administrative effectiveness often
caused by human factors.
8. “these principles can be matched to
the task of modern management as
well as to the formal needs of all
organization, independent of their
purpose. In exploring these
relationships, we can discern a way to
avoid the organization crisis that
affects so many business and
institutions.”
Peter F. Drucker
9. Centralization and
Decentralization
ď‚› An organization may opt for a centralized or
decentralized system of operations.
ď‚› As organization grows in size, it is almost
near impossible to administer all activities out
of single office.
11. Staff personnel shield the truth of field
operations from those who do not
understand by entering into more
complex relations with headquarters
general officers.