This document discusses several non-pharmacological therapies including psychoanalysis, psychotherapy, cognitive therapy, behavioral therapy, and cognitive behavioral therapy. Psychoanalysis aims to resolve internal conflicts from childhood through talking to an analyst and can last months to years. Psychotherapy develops a trusting relationship between therapist and client to explore current problems. Behavioral therapy teaches techniques to reduce anxiety and depression by changing behaviors through consequences. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps clients identify priorities, express feelings assertively, and monitor negative thoughts.

1. NON PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY

2. Psycho analysis
O Therapeutic process of assessing
unconscious thoughts and feelings
O Resolving conflict through talking to a
psychoanalyst
O Can last from months to years
O Due to length of therapy, it is less likely to
be used as therapy of choice
O Developed by Freud
O To resolve internal conflict from childhood

3. Psycho analysis-
Therapeutic tools
O Verbalization of whatever comes to mind
O Interpretation of dreams/dream analysis
O Transference, which includes feelings
developed since therapy started
O Use of defense mechanisms

4. Psychotherapy
O More verbal therapist
to client therapy
O A trusting relation
develops between the
two in order to
explore the client’s
problems
O Orientated to current
state, rather than
childhood or previous
years than psycho
analysis

5. Psychotherapy
Interpersonal
psychotherapy Cognitive therapy
O Used for clients who
have specific
problems
O Improves
interpersonal
relationships,
communication, roles
relationships
O Based on cognitive
model
O Focusses on
individual thoughts
and behaviors to
solve current
problems
O Used to treat
depression, anxiety,
eating disorders

6. Behavioral therapy
O Behavioral therapists:
Ivan Pavlov, John
Watson, B.F. Skinner
felt that changing
behavior was the key to
treating certain
problems
O Teaches clients to
reduce anxiety and
depression
O Based on the theory
that behavior is learned
and has consequences

7. Behavioral therapy
O Abnormal behavior results from an
attempt to avoid painful feelings
O Occurs without insight to underlying
cause
O Behavioral therapy gives clients the
chance to practice techniques
O Used for clients with phobias

9. Cognitive Behavioral therapy
O PRIORITY RESTRUCTURING- assisting
clients in identifying what should be a
priority
O JOURNAL KEEPING- help clients write
down stressful thoughts. It has a positive
effect on well being
O ASSERTIVENESS TRAINING- teaches
client to express feelings and solve
problems in a non aggressive manner
O MONITORING THOUGHTS- helps clients
be aware of the negative thinking