Presiding Officer Training module 2024 lok sabha elections
Rizal reporting.docx
1.
2. essay
published in La Solidaridad
Madrid, Spain (July 15, 1890 –
September 15, 1890)
Why did Rizal write this essay?
Rizal wrote this essay to defend
the Filipinos from the charge
that they were born indolent.
6. 1. Wars
the inhabitants of the Philippines were
dragged to maintain the honor of Spain
(thousands and thousands of Filipinos
were sent but nothing was said if they
ever returned to their homes.)
great diminution of the natives because
the governors got them as crews for the
vessels they send out.
7.
8. 2. Piratical Attacks
devastation of the terrible pirates
Reduced more and more the number of
inhabitants of the Philippines
burned down the towns, captured and
enslaved men
disarmed and subjected to tributes so that
they were left without the means to
defend themselves
9.
10. 3. Attitude of the Friars
At that time, the friars advised their poor
parishioners:
to stop work in the mines,
to abandon their industries,
to destroy their looms and pointing them
that heaven is their sole hope
The friars told them that it is easier for a
poor man to enter heaven than for a rich
man
11.
12. 4.Lessening encouragement
to Labor
Trade contact or relations between the
Borneans, Siamese, Cambodians and
Japanese nations were being cut off
The coast wide trade which was
flourishing before disappeared
13.
14. 5. Miserly return for one’s
Labor
(selfish, greedy, mean)
Encomenderos
reduced many to slavery
compelled Filipinos to work for their
benefit
Made them sell their products at an
insignificant price or for nothing or
cheated them with false measures
Treated them like slaves
15.
16. 6. Gambling
The sugal (from the Spanish word jugar,
to gamble) indicates that gambling was
unknown in the Philippines before the
Spaniards
Balasa – from the Spanish word barajar,
the introduction of playing
cards
17.
18. 7. Fiestas
Gave their contribution to large number
of fiestas, lengthy masses, novenae,
processions, rosaries
Filipinos were much less lazy before the
word miracle was introduced into their
language
19.
20. 8. Curtailment of individual
liberty
(to cut off, to cut short, doubtful)
Individual liberty is being cut off
accused of being a filibustero (rebel) or a
suspect
Lack of confidence in the future
Uncertainty of reaping the fruits of their
labor
21.
22. 9. Apathy of the Government
No encouragement, aid pertaining to
commerce or agriculture
The products coming from the
Philippines were burdened with
imposts and duties and have no free
entry in the ports of the mother
country and the consumption of the
products are not encouraged
Due to the fraudulent (dishonest,
deceitful) manipulations of the
Chinese, the Filipino industries were
dying.
23.
24. 10. Ownership of the big
estates by the friars
the best estates, the best tracts of land in
some provinces were in the hands of the
religious corporations
the friars have deceived many by making
them believe that those estates were
prospering because those were under
their supervision
25.
26. 11. Lack of moral support
Absence of moral support
Absence of help from the government
Chemist (competitive examination)
Young man won a prize in a literary contest
Education of the Filipino
27.
28. 12. Deprivation of human
dignity
the students have to contend with the daily
preaching that lowers human dignity,
gradually or brutally killing their self-respect
Priests who boldly declared that it is evil for
the Filipinos to know Castilian, that the
Filipinos should not be separated from his
carabao, and that he should not have any
further ambition.
29.
30. 13. Feeling of inferiority
Constant plucking (pulling, removing) of
the soul
Deadens the energy
Paralyzes all tendency towards
advancement
31.
32. 14. Vicious dressing of
the intelligence and
will
“You can’t do more than old So and So!-
Don’t aspire to be greater than the
curate! You belong to an inferior race! You
haven’t any energy.”
They say this to the child; and as it is
repeated so often, it has inevitably
engraved in his mind and thence it seals
and shapes all his actions.
Ridicules with cruel sarcasm
33.
34. 15. Lack of an ideal for a good
worker
the Filipinos’ spirits were transformed
according to the taste of the nation that
imposed upon them its God and its laws
INSTEAD:
Ideal and prototype tanned and muscular
laborer (who should have brought along
with him the useful iron implements and
the hoes to till the fields)
BUT IT WAS AN:
Aristocratic lord who brought along with
him stamped papers, crucifixes, bulls and
prayer books
35. AS A RESULT:
the imitative people became clerks,
devout, prayer-loving, acquired ideas of
luxurious and ostentatious living without
improving correspondingly their means of
subsistence.
36.
37. 16. Lack of national
sentiment
(expression of emotional ideas, feelings,
etc.)
Scarcity of any opposition to the
measures that are prejudicial to the
people and the absence of any initiative
that will redound to their welfare
Deprived of the right of association,
therefore they were weak and inert
(inactive, unmotivated, passive)