This document provides information about obstetricians/gynecologists and their role in women's healthcare. It discusses their education path including obtaining a bachelor's degree, attending medical school, completing a residency, and obtaining board certification. It then outlines some of the services OB/GYNs provide like sexual health advice, contraception, STI testing, and treatment for reproductive issues. It proceeds to describe the three stages of labor: dilation, expulsion, and placental. It concludes with an overview of menopause symptoms and some lifestyle strategies and medical treatments that can help manage menopause.

1. Chapter 10
British Lassiter

2.  Doctor who specializes in the health care of
women.
 Focuses on diagnosis and treatment of
disorders affecting the female reproductive
system.

3.  Bachelor’s Degree in any field. (Must take
pre-reqs for Medical School). (4 years)
 Medical School for MD Degree. (4 years)
 Residency (3-4 years)
 Specialized training (3 years)
 Board certification since they must be licensed.
 Continue schooling to stay up to date.

4.  Provide Information about sex, sexuality,
menstruation, body changes & healthy
lifestyles.
 Provide contraceptives, pap smears, STI
testing.
 Treatment for missed periods, pain, other
reproductive problems.

5.  1. Dilation
 2. Expulsion
 3. Placental

6.  Cervix begins to open. Goes from closed to 3-
4cm.
 Contractions become more frequent and cervix
becomes 4-10cm dilated.
 Fetus pressures the cervix causing expansion or
to dilate.
 Effacement(cervix becomes thinner) occurs

7.  Contractions get stronger and begin to push
baby down the birth canal.
 With every contraction the baby travels
through the pelvis little by little.
 Once the baby’s head of down in your pelvis
there is a hot stinging sensation.
 Vagina begins to open & the baby’s head
slowly begins to come through.

8.  Weaker contractions occur
 Placenta pushes away from the wall of the
uterus.
 Placenta and membranes of the empty bag of
waters will drop to the bottom of the uterus.
 From the bottom of the uterus to the vagina.
 CONGRULATIONS, Your labor/delivery is
OVER!

9.  Every woman goes through menopause.
 Usually between 45-55.
 Natural event.
 No longer allowed to get pregnant.
 Menstruation stops
 body changes occur.

10.  Menstrual periods occur less often and
eventually stop
 Heart pounding/racing
 Night sweats
 Skin flushing
 Insomnia
 Hot flashes
 Mood Swings/Irritability
 Joint aches and pains

11.  Do not smoke
 Calcium and Vitamin D vitamins
 Exercise regularly
 Low-fat diet
 Control blood pressure and cholesterol

12.  Hormone Therapy
 Estrogen Therapy
 Diet & Lifestyle Changes
 Anti-depressants
 Clonidine (blood-pressure medicine)