International Law Question.pdf

International Law Question
international law multi-part question and need support to help me learn.
Requirements:
Part 2: Risk Assessment
This is only for Practice/ demo for training purposes and never be copied in your final
submission.
Organisation name:
Date of assessment:
Scope of risk assessment:
UNIT IG2: Risk assessment
Checklist for learners
You may wish to use this checklist to help you make sure that you have covered the
minimum criteria for the IG2 assessment.
Learner number: Learner name:
Page 1 of 17 Unit IG2: Risk assessment Declaration: By submitting this assessment (Parts 1
– 4) for marking I declare that it is entirely my own work. I understand that falsely claiming
that the work is my own is malpractice and can lead to NEBOSH imposing severe penalties
(see the NEBOSH Malpractice Policy for further information). Important note: You must
refer to the document ‘Unit IG2: risk assessment – Guidance and information for learners
and Learning Partners’ while completing all parts of this assessment. Your Learning
Partner should provide you with a copy, but it can also be downloaded from the relevant
resources section for this qualification on the NEBOSH website. Part 1: Background You
should aim to complete this section in 150 - 200 words. Topic Comments Name of
organisation* Oman Refreshment Company (ORC) Site location* Muscat, Oman Number of
workers 700 General description of the organisation Oman Refreshment Company (ORC) is
a pioneer in the Omani manufacturing industry, founded in 1974 by renowned Oman
businessmen with an initial share capital of RO 800,000. The company has the Sultanate of
Oman's franchise rights to the PepsiCo beverage line. Company now operates seven
manufacturing lines that produce a variety of beverages in Cans, PET bottles, Non-
returnable Glass Bottles, and Tetrapack juices. The company's beverage portfolio includes
Pepsi, Mountain Dew, Mirinda, 7 Up, Shani, Evervess Soda, and Aquafina Water, in addition
to its own juice brand called "Topfruit. Typically, activities were undertaken including
cleaning, slicing, rinsing, dewatering, frying, de-oiling, and seasoning. Plant has many heavy

machineries used in the plant including destoning and peeling machine, slicing machine,
Colour treatment, frying and salting machine, Colling and sorting machine and packaging
machine. Workers are working in organization in three shifts. First shift is from 08:00 am to
04:00 pm, second shift is from 04:00 pm to 12:00 am and third shift is from 12:00 am to
08:00 am. Mostly workers are of young ages.
Page 2 of 17 Description of the area to be included in the risk assessment The risk
assessment will cover the destoning and peeling section, slicing unit, Colour treatment,
frying and salting unit and packaging area. Any other relevant information Health and
Safety manager with his team included HSE supervisors and Officers is responsible of all
activities. (HSE manager reported to finance director for required budget related to HSE).
You should aim to complete this section in 100 - 200 words. Note: this section can be
completed after you have competed your risk assessment. Outline how the risk assessment
was carried out this should include: • sources of information consulted; • who you spoke to;
and • how you identified: - the hazards; - what is already being done; and - any additional
controls/actions that may be required. I started with codes of practices of ILO related to
Production Plant and Health and safety Executive site have a lot of data related to food
manufacturing plant https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/safety-and-health-at-
work/industries-sectors/WCMS_219018/lang--en/index.htm
https://www.hse.gov.uk/food/
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_COD
E:C068 These sites were a good source of information for me. I also spoke to the HSE
manager of the company about the arrangements at the workplace. After looking to see the
information related to health and safety of workers in PepsiCo for hazard identification then
I went through all the premises and talked to workers about their health and safety related
issues the information they know about their health and safety was good enough and a bit
known to their own responsibilities. After noticing the existing preventive and protective
measures implemented and the additional required control measures to minimize the
severity and likelihood of hazard, I did Gap analysis. I consulted the significance finding of
gap analysis with HSE/ Finance manager, Safety Supervisor and Area in charge. For
example, A trained worker in packing hall working on machine with loose clothing on
rotating parts. Area was well-lit and already proper workstation was provided to worker for
work for further control measurer I recommend documents on work equipment and
machinery.
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:13100:0::NO::P13100_COMMEN
T_ID:3191033
Page 3 of 17 Part 2: Risk Assessment Organisation name: Oman Refreshment Company
(ORC) Date of assessment: July 28, 2021 Scope of risk assessment: destoning and peeling
section, slicing unit, Colour treatment, frying and salting unit and packaging area Hazard
category and hazard Who might be harmed and how? What are you already doing? What
further controls/actions are required? Timescales for further actions to be completed
(within …) Responsible person’s job title Fire Scrape yard is full of flammable pieces of

clothes, poly bags of chemicals and empty cottons. Workers, visitors and assets of
workplace There is no segregation and labelling of hazardous material. Chemicals can react
with each other and fire could occur, contact with hazardous material may results skin burn
and irritation. 1. Fire extinguishers were placed in work place. 2. Fire training were
provided to the workers. 1. Remove waste and area should be cleaned. 2. Partition of areas
with metal sheet could reduce the fire risk. 3. Built a bund around waste yard and make
partitions. 4. Build shade and provide garbage truck to remove waste daily basis. 5.
Information on fire precaution should be shared to all workers to prevent fire hazards. 6.
Safety signs related to fire equipment and emergency exit signs should be placed at
workplace. 1 day 4 days 2 weeks 1 month 1 week 2 weeks Area supervisor HSE
manager Finance manager Area manager HSE officer Finance manager
Page 4 of 17 Hazard category and hazard Who might be harmed and how? What are you
already doing? What further controls/actions are required? Timescales for further actions
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title Hazardous Substances Workers
use a chemical for cleaning which is obviously harmful to health. Workers and supervisors
more likely in contact with hazardous chemical. Due to inhalation of fumes and contact
with skin is likely to damage skin and tissues, Eye injury, Lungs cancer in case of repeated
exposure or long term exposure. 1. Gloves and masks available for workers. 2. Area of
workplace was well lit. 1. Provide Chemical resistant cover all, gloves, face visors and
masks. 2. Training to workers and identify Chemicals hazardous nature. 3. Introduce
advance technology and replace chemical with a less hazardous chemical. 4. Dilution
ventilation system should be properly installed and maintained to work. 5. Change
hazardous chemical with any environment friendly detergent for cleaning surfaces. 1 day
1 month 2 months 2 weeks 3 days HSE manager HSE officer Finance manager Area
supervisor HSE manager Movement of people and vehicles Engineering workshop have
only entry route and pathway of process hall Workers, supervisors and visitors can collide
with moving vehicles. Sudden collision with vehicles could result in unconsciousness, 1.
Safety signs installed in workplace on suitable locations. 2. Area of work place was well
maintained. 3. Lights in all the workplace installed to avoid collisions. 1. Place a metal sheet
or barricade between passing worker and workshop. 2. Installation of steel shutter to avoid
collisions. 3. Design a separate walk way and entrance for process hall from other sides. 1
week 2 weeks 5 days Area manager Finance manager Area supervisor
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title workers and vehicles. Person
might expose to collisions inheriting from vehicles. crush, physical injuries and broken
bones. 4. Speed limits of vehicles for entering in process hall strictly according to
workplace. 5. Appropriate signage of vehicles routes and pedestrian pathways should be
used to alert drivers and pedestrians. 6. Lights should be installed in work area to maintain
standard LUX levels to reduce collision hazards. 3 days 2 weeks 3 weeks HSE officer
HSE manager Finance manager Movement of people and vehicles Fork lift truck operating

in Warehouse with high speed. Workers, supervisors and visitors of warehouse might be
harmed. This may lead to collision with workers and vehicles and may cause broken bones
injury, head and neck trauma, brain injuries, and back and spinal cord trauma. 1. Area of
work place was well lit. 2. workers were using proper PPE`s. 3. Good conditioned vehicles
were selected to work at workplace. 1. Stop the vehicles and conduct local TBT to drivers.
2. Mark routes with paint for pedestrians & vehicles to avoid collision. 3. Conduct defensive
driving trainings for drivers. 4. Construction of segregated routes of entry for pedestrians
and vehicles should be placed. 1 day 4 days 3 days 1 month HSE supervisor Area in
charge HSE officer Finance manager
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title 5. Provision of audible reversing
alarms and flashing beacon should be placed. 6. Rear cameras and mirrors at blind spots
should be placed. 7. Use of High visibility clothing for all workers to improve visibility in
workplace. 3 weeks 3 weeks 2 days Finance manager Finance manager HSE supervisor
Work Equipment and machinery Worker was working in packing hall wearing lose clothing
on rotating parts of machines. Workers and visitors may harm. Entanglement of lose dress
and body parts in machine rotating parts which may results in serious injuries and even
broken bones. 1. Safety signs installed. 2. Trained workers was working. 1. Call worker
and conduct local TBT to reduce the risk of entanglement with machine rotating parts. 2.
Provide worker proper clothing and PPE’s to work without risk on packing machine. 3.
Provide uniform to all workers which should be designed according to working conditions.
4. Ensure machine setting and adjustment and work position can be designed out for a safe
position. 1 day 1 week 2 weeks 4 days HSE supervisor Finance manager HSE
manager Area in charge
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title 5. Provide fixed stand-off guards
or barriers around processing parts that cannot be fully guarded to reduce entanglement
with them. 3 weeks Mechanical engineer Electricity Naked cable was observed in
workshop. Workers, visitors and Supervisors may harm and contact with electricity This
can cause contact with body during work which results electrocution. Electrocution may
lead ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest, extreme muscle contraction, burn and even
death. 1. Safety sign were installed. 2. PPE`s related to work were provided to workers. 3.
Work place area was well lit. 1. Cables should be changed with a new double insulated cable
system. 2. Make a proper and enclosed route of cables with duct or cable tray. 3. Develop
inspection regime to monitor electrical installations and cables. 4. Sources of electricity and
exposed circuits must be guarded to avoid direct contact with wires. 5. Provision of
Electrical cords that should have sufficient insulation to prevent direct contact with wires.
6. Electrical installations should be installed and maintained by a competent person and
checked regularly. 3 weeks 3 weeks 2 weeks One week 2 weeks 3 weeks Finance

manager HSE supervisor HSE supervisor HSE manager Finance manager HSE manager
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title 7. Limit the use of extension
cords and Use only for temporary operation and short period of time. 3 days HSE officer
Electricity Two Electrical DB’s were observed opened in substation. Worker, visitors and
supervisors might be harmed. In case of direct contact with live bus bars and cables. Person
will receive a severe electric Shock. This may leads ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest,
extreme muscle contraction and even death. 1. Safety signs were installed. 2. PPE`s related
to work were using by workers. 1. Cover DB’s with a PVC sheet and places a sign of hazard.
2. Design an enclosure door and fit on DB’s. 3. Change DB’s with new DB’s which should be
water proof and electric resistance. 4. Installation of guardrails to avoid contact of people
with DB`s. 5. Use signage of electrical hazards specifically to prevent from any incidents. 6.
Residual current device should be placed in DB`s to avoid short circuit. 7. Inspection plan of
electrical devices should be formed. One day 4 days 2 weeks 3 weeks one week 3
weeks One week Area supervisor Area in charge Finance manager Area manager HSE
officer Finance manager HSE supervisor
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title Vibration Workers were working
on platform of peeling station and station was producing high exposure of vibration due to
mechanical issue. Workers and shift supervisors might be harmed. Vibration can cause
joint pain, damage soft tissues of brain (intervertebral discs), vertigo and abnormal growth
of bones. 1. Area was well lit. 2. Safety signs were installed. 1. Provide vibration absorbent
mats. 2. Maintenance of machines should be done which creates excessive vibration. 3.
Safe system of work to reduce exposure with vibration. 4. Provision of isolation of platform
with springs and rubber absorbents should be placed. 5. Plan of work with rest breaks
should be formed to reduce less exposure for workers. 6. Installation of vibration damping
sheets for workers to be formed. 2 weeks 4 days One week 3 weeks 3 weeks 4 weeks
HSE manager Maintenance supervisor HSE supervisor Finance manager Area supervisor
Finance manager Slips and trips It is observed that floor surface of workshop area is
uneven, lose Worker and supervisors could topple over. Toppling over may result in
physical injuries, broken bones and eye strain 1. A sufficient training is given to the workers
before doing the work. 2. Safety signs Installed in all the areas of workplace. 1. Area should
be Cordoned off to avoid any injuries or loss to workers. 2. Remove all the obstruction from
floor and provide signs of Safety of obstacles. 1 hour 2 days HSE officer HSE
supervisor
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title and objects scattered on floor.

Also poor lighting increases tripping hazard. 3. All the suitable PPE provided to the
workers. 3. Provision of proper lighting should be in place to reduce the level of risk. 4.
Maintenance of the floor with compaction for the safety of pedestrians. 5. Install PCC slab to
make a firm and level ground. 1 week 20 days 1 month Finance Manager Area in
charge Finance manager Ergonomics Workers expose to repetition, twisting, stooping and
stand by whole day in packing hall. Workers might be harmed due to repetition of work.
This can cause fatigue, stress and upper limbs disorders over the time. This could result in
high ratio of work related ill health cases. 1. Hygienic work place for all the workers. 2.
suitable PPE`s including hygienic masks and caps were provided to all the workers. 1.
Inform to the management about hazards to comply with safe work. 2. Providing
ergonomically suitable seating for the workers. 3. Develop SSOW (job rotations) and rest
breaks should be provided according to Safety standards. 4. Introduce automation packing
to prevent complete manual packing of boxes. 5. Training for workers to work in the safe
way should be occurred. 2 days One week 2 weeks 3 weeks 2 days HSE officer Area
supervisor HSE manager Finance manager HSE supervisor
Page 11 of 17 Part 3: Prioritise 3 actions with justification for the selection Suggested word
counts Moral, general legal and financial arguments for all actions: 300 to 350 words For
EACH action: Specific legal arguments: 100 to 150 words Likelihood AND severity: 75 to
150 words How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk: 100 to 150 words
Moral and financial arguments for ALL actions Moral, general legal and financial arguments
Moral: The moral responsibility of the Employer of Oman Refreshment Company (ORC) is
that health and safety is first priority for the worker because worker come to their site to
earn money and to support his family. They are not coming as their last day on workplace.
The family of the worker would not be accepted anywhere to support and grown up. The
society didn’t accept that any worker injured or died during company work so morally
company should take care of the safety and security for his workers. Long term injuries
have major impact on worker’s mental health after their retirement if they met any incident
they can’t offer other workers to work in their company so far. It is moral duty of the
organisation to provide safe work plan and workplace for his employees so that workers
can work safely and no one injured or die during work. Oman Refreshment Company (ORC)
has legal requirement to protects its workers under the ILO’s safety and health Convention
(C155) Financial: Financial impacts could be broken into categories as cost associated with
damaged machinery, Cost associated with worker’s compensation claim and sick pay leaves,
Cost associated with training of the worker, Cost associated with civil claims, Cost
associated with enforcement authority, Decrease company reputation and may be effects on
future contracts and Possible cost with customer.
Page 12 of 17 Legal: There are some legal laws and regulations that required at all work
sites there should be appropriate control measures to reduce the accident. These laws and
regulations set by the enforcement authority and international Organisations. Oman
Refreshment Company (ORC) should comply with these laws and regulation otherwise
company will face enforcement actions. If company will not comply with regulations, it

could be possibly receive improvement notices from authorities. This would have massive
financial impact on organisation if these activities could not continue properly and even
these activities can restrict their certification achievement in all fields and local Government
can also take an action against delay of work. Justification for action 1 Action Construct the
segregated routes for entry of pedestrians and vehicles. (Movement of people and vehicles).
Specific legal arguments There are some requirements of C167 - Safety and Health in
Construction Convention, 1988 (No. 167) article 16 also requires that (If both pedestrians
and vehicles use traffic routes, they should be wide enough to allow vehicles to pass
pedestrians safely, and any pedestrian or vehicle only areas should be clearly marked) and
also required that the entry route of people and vehicles at workplaces should be separated
to avoid the collisions between pedestrians and vehicles. By law, traffic routes must also
keep vehicle routes far enough away from doors or gates that pedestrians use.
Consideration of likelihood AND severity The likelihood of the serious personal injuries is
high due to collisions between pedestrians and vehicle (forklift truck) is high. High speed
driving of worker may lead to collision with workers and vehicles and may cause broken
bones injury, head and neck trauma, brain injuries, and back and spinal cord trauma and
sometimes resulting in death. I set the category when suggesting the severity in following
way: Minimal: no injury or damage happened. Minor: injury happened requiring the first
aid treatment and/or unimportant damage to the equipment and machinery.
Page 13 of 17 Major: injury happened requiring the hospital treatment, requiring recovery
time, and/or important damage to equipment and machinery. Fatal: injuring which causing
disability or death, and loss of equipment, machinery or building. The severity rating for
this hazard set as a Major and fatal it is probably that injury of the worker will required
hospital treatment and sometimes resulting in death. e.g. head and spinal cord trauma. How
effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk. This should include: • the intended
impact of the action; • justification for the timescale that you indicated in your risk
assessment; and • Whether you think the action will fully control the risk. Segregation of
the route of entry for vehicles and pedestrian will be major impact on the organisation
because after segregation the risk of collision with other vehicles and pedestrian will be
decreased. The likelihood of broken bones injury, head and neck trauma, brain injuries, and
back and spinal cord trauma will be decreased. I gave one-month time to complete the
segregation of routes. This time period is required due to budget. The management will take
time to plan and hire a competent contractor to completion of this project. The segregation
will fully control the risk of collisions with pedestrians and other vehicles. Justification for
action 2 Action Installation of guardrails to avoid contact of people with DB`s. (Electricity)
Specific legal arguments C167 - Safety and Health in Construction Convention, 1988 (No.
167) article 16 required that Don't work with exposed conductors carrying 50 volts or
more. Make sure electrical equipment is properly connected, grounded and in good working
order. Extension cords may not be used as permanent wiring and should be removed after
temporary use for an activity or event and also required that all the electrical installation
and power units mentioned to be safe and out of reach for all the workers except experts.
An employer must minimize the danger of electrical equipment used on the worksite and

prevent the occurrence of any accidents to maintain the health and safety of humans and
protect properties from being damaged or destroyed. Supervision and monitoring system
should be performed to check the effectively operating electrical equipment.
Page 14 of 17 Consideration of likelihood AND severity The likelihood of severe electric
Shock due to contact with high voltage electrical DB`s is very high because In case of direct
contact with live bus bars and cables. Person will receive a severe electric Shock. This may
lead ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest, extreme muscle contraction and even death. I
set the category when suggesting the severity in following way: Minimal: no injury or
damage happened. Minor: injury happened requiring the first aid treatment and/or
unimportant damage to the equipment and machinery. Major: injury happened requiring
the hospital treatment, requiring recovery time, and/or important damage to equipment
and machinery. Fatal: injuring which causing disability or death, and loss of equipment,
machinery or building. The severity ratings for this hazard set as a Major and fatal. it is
probably that injury of the worker will required hospital treatment and sometimes
resulting in death. E.g. ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest. How effective the action is
likely to be in controlling the risk. This should include: • the intended impact of the action; •
justification for the timescale that you indicated in your risk assessment; and • whether you
think the action will fully control the risk. There should installation of guardrails around
the electric DB`s containing high voltage have major impact on the incident ratio due to
electric shock because after installation of guardrails nobody could be contact in with
electrical DB`s so it could decrease the risk of accident due to electric shock. I gave 3 weeks
of time to install the guard rails around DB`s. The machines and area that was connected
with DB`s have to switch off due to rush of workers so that`s why 3 weeks of time required
to manage load on other machines and guardrails would be installed. The guardrails will full
control the risk of contact workers with electrical DB`s as Installation of guardrails to avoid
contact of people with DB`s.
Page 15 of 17 Justification for action 3 Action Provision of isolation of platform with
springs and rubber absorbents should be placed.(Vibration) Specific legal arguments C148 -
Working Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and Vibration) Convention, 1977 (No. 148)
article 8 required that it is moral and legal duty of employer to protect the workers’ health
at workplace, make adequate controls and methods to protect workers from excessive
vibration, and protect their health from vibration hazard. According to ILO act convention
155 recommendations the safety of the workers is employer’s responsibility. R156 -
Working Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and Vibration) Recommendation, 1977 (No.
156) states that As far as possible, the working environment shall be kept free from any
hazard due to noise. Consideration of likelihood AND severity The likelihood of damage soft
tissues of brain (intervertebral discs), vertigo and abnormal growth of bones is high
because Workers were working on platform of peeling station and station was producing
high exposure of vibration due to mechanical issue which is causing production of
enormous amount of vibrations and the worker was under impact of these enormous
vibrations. I set the category when suggesting the severity in following way: Minimal: no

injury or damage happened. Minor: injury happened requiring the first aid treatment
and/or unimportant damage to the equipment and machinery. Major: injury happened
requiring the hospital treatment, requiring recovery time, and/or important damage to
equipment and machinery.
Page 16 of 17 Fatal: injuring which causing disability or death, and loss of equipment,
machinery or building. The severity rating of this hazard is minor. If there will be continues
exposure of vibration, injury will be required hospital treatment. How effective the action is
likely to be in controlling the risk. This should include: • the intended impact of the action; •
justification for the timescale that you indicated in your risk assessment; and • whether you
think the action will fully control the risk. Provision of isolation of platform with springs
and rubber absorbents will decreased the Exposure of vibration. The likelihood of damage
soft tissues of brain (intervertebral discs), vertigo and abnormal growth will also be
decreased and severity of injury also will be decreased. Workers will work with safely. I
gave 3 weeks’ time for this recommendation. I gave this time for purchasing new work
platform due to this action will be agreed with finance manager and comply so it will take
time. The action will reduce the risk of vibration as the changing and isolation of work
platform.
Page 17 of 17 Part 4: Review, communicate and check Suggested word counts for each
section: • Planned review date or period and reasoning for this: 50 - 100 words • How the
risk assessment findings will be communicated and who needs to know the information:
100 - 150 words • Follow up on the risk assessment: 100 - 150 words. Planned review
date/period with reasoning It is the policy of company to review their risk assessment
report every year. I have set the review date of 1 year. Risk assessment report will be
reviewed on July 28, 2022. It can also be reviewed in case of accident incident, introduction
of new technology or on client demand. How the risk assessment findings will be
communicated AND who you need to tell The findings which are noted down during safety
tour and safety inspection shall be shared to every person in company’s management
hierarchy. I will expound the measurable information, charts of conceivable risks and
preparatory measures some time recently the authoritative and overseeing staff. I will be
communicating with legalities through emails to take after up time to time and clarify how
my commitments will impart a positive effect on the organization. Main findings will be
displayed on all notice boards of the company and report will be forwarded to all
responsible persons of the organization via email. Finally I will upload risk assessment
report on company website. How you will follow up on the risk assessment to check that the
actions have been carried out For the follow up arrangements, I will first of all request the
senior management to give me follow up meeting dates so that I can visit the all observed
areas again and visually observe the progress through a short field inspection and through
observing the progress reports made by concerned departments. I will request the
management to introduce the online software where the due activities and their deadlines
must be included so that all of the department show effectiveness in completing the actions.
I will make reminders before the deadline arrives so that I can talk to finance Manager and

HSE manager if the actions will not be completed.
organisation* Sadolin Dulux company Site location* Muscat, Oman Number of workers 500
General description of the organisation Sadolin Dulux company is a well-known
manufacturer and retailer of high-quality paints (Epoxy, PU Paints, Stoving, Quick Dry, NC
Paints, Synthetic Enamel), thinners, varnishes, and lacquer coatings (wooden and metal).
Under the supervision of their quality controllers, the provided paints and coatings are
precisely formulated and manufactured at their processing units using premium grade
chemical compounds and cutting-edge technology in compliance with established industry
standards. In the Plastic Emulsion production facility, heavy machinery such as moulding
machines and mixer machines were in operation. Typically, activities were undertaken
including quality assurance testing of various chemicals and finished product samples in the
laboratory, as well as many employees in the decorative paint production department.
Employees work in two shifts from 9:00am to 05:00 pm, 05:00 pm to 01:00 am. In each shift
200 workers work there including 10 females for office work. Mostly workers are of young
ages Description of the area to be included in the risk assessment The risk assessment will
covered the Stoving, Quick Dry unit, Synthetic Enamel unit, Plastic Emulsion Production
Area, , Finished Products and Mechanical shop. Any other relevant information Plant
Manager and HSE Manager (who reports daily to finance controller) has moral duty and
direct responsibility of health and safety environment.
Page 2 of 17 You should aim to complete this section in 100 - 200 words. Note: this
section can be completed after you have competed your risk assessment. Outline how the
risk assessment was carried out this should include: • sources of information consulted; •
who you spoke to; and • how you identified: - the hazards; - what is already being done; and
- any additional controls/actions that may be required. I started this risk assessment with
codes of practices of International Labour Organisation (ILO) relating paint plant safety
.ILO have a lot of information.
https://www.iloencyclopaedia.org/component/k2/item/380-paint-and-coating-
manufacture and was a good source of information And British HSE’s had also a lots of
resources, for example Health and safety in Paint Industries
https://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/guidance/oce3.pdf was also a good source of information .
After reviewing the documents, I went to the plant and interviewed employees about their
health and safety concerns, such as illness and problems. The information they knew about

their health and safety was limited, and they were often unaware of their own and the
employer's responsibilities. Then I checked their accident reports, inspection reports and
investigation reports to see what types of accidents had occurred over the last 12 months
and whether any of these incidents recurring. I also checked the reasons for sick absence
again and staff turnover to see if there were any recurring themes for ill health. After
accessing the control measures, I also referred to some of the HSE’s approved codes of
practices for guidance documents. For example when looking at control measures about
work at height I referred to legal standards such as ILO R164-Occupational safety and
health recommendation,1981(No.164) Similarly, when looking for control measures of
hazardous substance I referred the following document
https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/safety-and-health-at-work/normative-
instruments/code-of-practice/WCMS_107907/lang--en/index.htm
Page 3 of 17 Part 2: Risk Assessment Organisation name: Sadolin Dulux company Date of
assessment: July 26, 2021 Scope of risk assessment: Stoving, Quick Dry unit, Synthetic
Enamel unit, Plastic Emulsion Production Area, , Finished Products and Mechanical shop
Hazard category and hazard Who might be harmed and how? What are you already doing?
What further controls/actions are required? Timescales for further actions to be completed
(within …) Responsible person’s job title Work equipment and machinery. Sharp blades
were found on Plastic Emulsion machine in Production department. Workers who are
working on this stations of cutting machine might be harmed. Workers were working on
this machine without using any adjustable guards and two hand control. Blade can cut to
the hands and fingers of operator while Handling rubber during cutting process. 1.
Provided instruction and training about safe working method. 2. There is SOP on working
station. 3. The risk assessment of machinery was performed 2 months ago. 1. Robust
gloves should be provided to all workers. 2. Adjustable guard should be placed to protect
the worker hands. 3. Two hand controls should be applied to protect the hands of
operators. 4. Provide refresher training to the workers on safe working procedures. 5.
Supervision and monitoring must be taking into account. 1 day 1 Week 2 months 1
week 1 week Store Manager (actions 1) Maintenance staff (actions 2,3) Plant Manager
(actions 5,6,) Safety Officer (actions 4)
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title 6. Develop and apply system of
routine visual Inspection 2 weeks Vibration In the Finished Products section maintenance
staff was exposed to high level of vibration while operating grinding, cutting and shaping
tools. Maintenance staff might be harmed. This exposure to high level of vibration may
cause damage to soft tissues, numbness of fingers and other work related upper limb
disorders (WRULDs). 1. Risk assessment of vibration of all equipment in mechanical
workshop was performed 2 months ago by the safety officer. 2. The supervisor was
monitoring the activity. 3. Personal protected equipment was provided to the workers. 1.
Plant manager should set the work patterns and provide frequent breaks. 2.Provide cool

shelters to the workers 3.Develop a good level of ventilation in the area 4. Information and
training to workers about working in high temperature environments. 3 days 1 week 2
weeks 2 weeks Plant Manager (for all actions) Health, welfare and work environment.
No proper and appropriate welfare Workers might be harmed. Not suitable rest area for
either cold or winter, only few plastic chairs. Worker lying down and sitting here and there,
1. Chairs were provided to the workers but no appropriate according to standard. 2. Area
supervisor check daily and make report. 1. Proper maintenance, cleaning of toilets and daily
check list. Workers should be consulted about Welfare facilities. 2. Provide more toilets
according to number of workers as per standard. 5 days 2 Months Finance manager
(action 2,3) Plant manager
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title facilities especially workers have
problems for rest area and toilets. few workers lying down on floor near washrooms during
rest time. Only few toilets, that is not enough for the number of workers even during
working hours to many workers waiting for their turn and also not cleaned, and no
maintenance, Without rest worker cannot concentrate on their task, chance of accident,
work may sleep under vehicles and lead to serious accident, no rest can cause stress,
headache, decreased progress, absenteeism. 3. Provide proper rest area suitable for
weather condition both cold and winter, or arrangements to take worker to camp. 4.
Schedule brake times for companies to make it easy. 5. Monitoring of welfare facilities. 2
Months 2 Days 1 week (action 1,3,4,5) Fire Workplace activities such as welding
operations and other hot work, smoking, All Workers and visitors Heating appliances and
welding activities create fire risk when it is carried out in open atmosphere without
eliminating explosive 1.Fire extinguishers are in place and properly tagged pinned and
inspected 2.Training is available for workers on the safe use of fire extinguisher
1.Eliminate the hazard to prevent Physical access that pose risk to fire if possible. 2.
Develop safe working methods of those activities that involve use of naked flame. 2 months
1 month HSE officer (actions 1,3,8) Finance manager (actions 5,7)
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title cooking and heating equipment.
Open gas and arc welding is requirement of job and is not controlled by permit to work
chemicals that ignited to spark. In case of fire the workers might be trapped inside building
causing death. In other instance burning skin is another outcome in case of fire event.
Visitors who come in the workplace might be harmed and come into the effect of fire
3.Highlight the fire hazards with the help of sign boards 3. Arrangements to evacuate
people and workers must be made in case of fire emergency. 4. Install fire alarms so that
everyone is aware of fire and alert to save his life. 5. Properly do housekeeping to remove
flammable material. 6. Install smoke detectors to detect fire on very early stage. 7.
Frequently routine inspection of the workplace to eliminate the combustible and flammable

materials that are no longer needed. 8.Built emergency exit route and assembly points to
deal with in case of fire emergency 1 month 1 month 3 days 1 month 1 week 1
month HSE Manager (actions 2,3,7) Plant manager (actions 5,8)
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title Manual Handling In the shipping
area the workers were placing big vehicle tires with manually. The tires were very heavy
and big for one person to handle. Workers might be harmed. Those tires could easily slip
and fall cause personal injuries. The tyre could fall on a worker’s leg and feet and break his
leg and foot. 1. There was provision of job rotation and breaks during working activity. 2.
The supervisor was monitoring the activity. 3. Manual handling risk assessment was
performed 2 months ago. 1. Storage in charge should involve more workers to do job.
2.Provide mechanical and electrical operated tools for handling of heavy tires 3.Training on
correct techniques for manual handling of object 4. Risk assessment should be performed
regularly for proper lifting. 5. Health surveillance should be provided to the manual worker.
1 day 2 weeks 2 weeks 1 week 2 weeks Shipping Manager (action 1) Finance
Controller (action 2,5) Safety officer (action 3,4) Fire The maintenance workers were
cutting a metal sheet with gas cutter and cylinders of oxygen and acetylene Maintenance
staff and supervisor might be harmed. Carrying hot work activity near flammable material
can bring heavy physical and business damage due to fire and explosion. 1. Safety signs
were placed in workshop. 2. All workers have a training to evacuate in case of emergency
situation. 1.Management should develop and enforce a safe system of work for hot work
2.Management should develop a safe storage place for cylinders 3.Management should
develop a permit to work system for hot working activities in workplace 3 days 3 days 5
days HSE Manager (for all actions)
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title were lying right next to them.
4.Provide information, instruction and training to workers regarding hot work 10 days
Noise Excessive noise from power house due to working of machines and workers are not
worn any king of PPE although it is present there bur workers worn them as thy think it is
necessary Workers, contractors, Visitors. Maintenance workers As the working of machine
causes noise in the workplace. A lot of exposure to noise causes reduction in hearing. A
continuous exposure to noise over a period of time because noise induced hears loss NIHL.
It also causes psychological effects in workers. 1.Ear plug provided to workers that fits the
ear canal 2.Proper oiling and Greening of machines to reduce friction of moving parts i.e.
friction causes excess noise 1.Install barriers to isolate noise Inducing machines. 2.
Substitute the machine with that machine which pose less noise and does the same job.
3.Arrangements for Provision of health surveillance programme 4. Purchase Ear muff as it
provides more comfort and easy to enforce can reduce noise in significant way. 5. Carry
noise survey i.e. noise meter and highlight the areas that creates high frequency noise.

6.Reduce time of noise exposure (rotate working patterns of workers) 7. Developing
training programmes for workers and give them 3 Months 2 Months 3 Months 1 Week
2 Months 1 month 2 months Finance manager (actions 4,2,8) HSE Manager (actions
3,7) HSE engineer (action 5,6)
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title information about high (above
80db) and low frequency noise. 8. Purchase Silencer and adjust to the machines that
produce excess noise to suppress noise. 1 week Hazardous substances Bare handed
contact with hazardous chemical was observed in the raw chemicals storeroom where a
worker was transferring alkyd resin from large drum into small gallons without wearing
insulating gloves Workers that are working in the raw chemicals storeroom. Consequences
which worker can face because of this unsafe act are skin irritation, mucous membrane, skin
infection, and dermatitis and skin allergies. 1. Safety warning signs were placed at the
workplace. 2. CCTV cameras were installed. 1. Halt worker and give TBT to the storeroom
workers. 2. All the required PPEs i.e. face mask and insulating hand gloves must be
provided. 3. Health monitoring and surveillance must be provided to the worker. 4. Modify
the process to completely eliminate manual handling. 5. Job rotation and rest breaks
system should be implemented. 6. Perform risk assessment and detailed survey 1 day 3
Days 1 Week 1 Month 1 Week 2 Weeks Safety Officer (action 1) HSE Manager (actions
3,5,6) Plant Manager (actions 2,4)
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title Working at height Working at the
top of the equipment manual handling flow rate, spreading operation lines at top of
equipment and dealing with all those is not control by proper making plan work All workers
, visitors passing nearby, workers working at ground As working at height is critical work
pose high risk. If a worker falls from height causing major injury or loss, similarly if a
worker drops a certain tool from top may be struck on the head of worker or nearby
passing visitors. People who walk beneath such as a person fitting a pipe at top might drop a
tool from top and struck in the head of beneath worker 1. Stairs to be provided to go up at
the height. 2. Safety helmets are provided to all workers as helmets reduce the risk of head
injury. 3.safety gloves for all workers doing manual handling to avoid slipping of hand tool
1. Provide guardrails and toe boards to prevent the fall. 2. Avoid work at height, modifying
the process to control flow at the ground level. 3. Identify the people and select competent
person to allow work at height. 4. Arrangements for emergency and need for rescue plan if
falls occurs. 5. Arrangements and requirements for emergency first aid treatment and
personnel. 6. Making a plan of work. Avoid to stay unnecessarily at the top, complete work
quickly and go back 1 month 3 months 1 week 1 month 2 months 3 months Area
Manager (for all actions) Slips and trips Leakage of oil, excess waste water and All workers,
visitors, pedestrians, contractors workers, Pedestrians are exposed to the risk of

1.Maintenance of the machines to prevent oil leak 1.Good Housekeeping and properly clean
the oil on the pathways 1.Carry out the risk assessment Covering the safe movement of
pedestrians in the workplace. 2. Eliminating the hazard if possible simply eliminate those 2
months 1 month HSE manger (actions 1,2,7)
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title obstruction placed at the
pathways causing slip and trip. The continuous movement of machines and its parts require
proper oiling to that put in place. Some other storage tanks leaks the water or they overflow
and leaks water on floor slips and trips while moving around the workplace As machines
leak oil on the floor and workers move through the slippery oil path causing slip and trips.
Due to slippery surface this may lead towards major injury such as breaking of arms,
twisting an ankle. 2.Provided oil collecting trays before it spill on the floor 3.Walkway
routes are cleaned when required to remove objects on the floor ( not planned ) 4.Provide
footwear to those people as to provide slip resistant surface machines to prevent physical
access. 3. Prevent the spill of excess water, repair or replace the damage part that leaks
water. 4. Properly inspecting the place to remove any kind of oil. 5.Arrangements to limit
the entry of workers on those places, restrict abnormal movements around the workplace
6. Lighting arrangements in the workplace so that workers able to see any kind slippery
surface for safe movement. 7. Monitoring made to keep walkways free from obstructions.
8. Repairing must be made for uneven floors and road. 1 week 1 week 1 week 1
month 1 month 1 month Area manager (actions 3,5,6,8) Senior deputy chemist (action
4)
Page 12 of 17 Part 3: Prioritise 3 actions with justification for the selection Suggested word
counts Moral and financial arguments for all actions: 300 to 350 words For EACH action:
Specific legal arguments: 100 to 150 words Likelihood AND severity: 75 to 150 words How
effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk: 100 to 150 words Moral and
financial arguments for ALL actions Moral, general legal and financial arguments Moral:
Sadolin Dulux company has moral duty to protect workers because Employer (via
management) controls the premises, process and equipment which is used to produce
things that required to employer. People want it as fundamental right. Workers and society
expects it. This societal expectation translated into legal standards. In this way, the moral
argument drives legislation. Punjab Factory Rules, 1978, Section 33-N, Clause (a) of Rule 32
also explain that Employer is responsible to take precautionary measures to prevent
accidents in workplace”. Sadolin dulux company has legal requirement to protects its
workers under the ILO’s safety and health convention C155. Financial: • Cost associated
with accident investigation loss of time, money. • Cost associated with recruiting new staff
and training. • Disruption and loss of business and future orders. • Injuries of workers (lost
working time, medical cots replacement worker wages, sick pay without working hours, low
morale of workers resulting in reduced productivity and cost associated with loss of
medical treatment of the workers.

Page 13 of 17 • Repair and replace equipment and infrastructure costs and repair of
damaged equipment • Cost associated with enforcement actions like fines from
enforcement authority Legal: Possible enforcement actions and civil claims that Sadolin
Dulux company could receive prohibition (stopping all work on a particular activity) or
improvement notices relating to their activities by the regulator. This would have massive
financial impact on organisation if these activities could not continue properly. There are
some legal standards which required workplace should be safe from accidents. Company
signed these standards and there is obligation on company to comply with enforcement
authority. Enforcement authorities might force to improve health and safety standards
within the workplace (implementing those control measures) within given period of time or
stop carrying out high risk activities until these control measures put in place. Failure to
comply with legal standards considered to be an offence itself and lead prosecution in the
criminal courts. Justification for action 1 Action Install fire alarms so that everyone is aware
of fire and alert to save his life.( Hazard category; Fire) Specific legal arguments ILO
Convention 1988 C167 Article 29 Fire Precautions required that ‘Employer is responsible to
take precautionary measures to prevent fire in workplace also requires that employers
must carry out a fire safety risk assessment and keep it up to date. This shares the same
approach as health and safety risk assessments and can be carried out either as part of an
overall risk assessment or as a separate exercise. To help prevent fire in the workplace,
your risk assessment should identify what could cause a fire to start, i.e. sources of ignition
(heat or sparks) and substances that burn, and the people who may be at risk Consideration
of likelihood AND severity Welding operations are more at risk of serous personal injury
because it involves the use of naked flame. The likelihood impacts of fire risk occurring may
be within month or week. The
Page 14 of 17 severity of injury occurring could be more serous if it involves in the presence
of combustible material. It may cause fatality in the workplace causing suffocation and
unconsciousness in the workers. Serious burns may also result. When considering the
severity, I set 4 categories: • minimal: no injury or damage occurred • minor: injury
requiring first-aid and/or slight damage caused to plant/equipment/buildings • major:
injury requiring hospital treatment/stay and/or significant damage caused to
plant/equipment/buildings • Catastrophic: death and/or irreparable damage to
plant/equipment/buildings The severity of this hazard is set as major and it is probably
that injury of the worker will required hospital treatment. How effective the action is likely
to be in controlling the risk. This should include: • the intended impact of the action; •
justification for the timescale that you indicated in your risk assessment; and • Whether you
think the action will fully control the risk. Developing a fire alarm system and install it in
the workplace will enabled the worker to detect the fire emergency early by raising alarm
rather than a certain person approached them and it’s too late. Fire alarm will reduce the
risk of fatality that only occurred if workers not informed in timely manner and fire spread
in the whole workplace. Automatic fire alarm will detect the smoke and start rising before
imminent response occurred. I have given a timescale of 1 month depending upon the

urgent need of fire alarm. I hope so that area manager agreed the budget and implement it
in timely manner. The action will fully control the risk of fire as implementation fire alarm
system. Justification for action 2 Action Provide more toilets according to number of
workers as per standard. (Health, welfare and work environment.) Specific legal arguments
C161 - Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985 (No. 161) article 9 required that
There is a legal duty on employer to ensure that appropriate and adequate welfare facilities
are provided at workplace. It is legal and moral breach of law by employer to not
Page 15 of 17 provide enough welfare facilities that meet the current needs of the work
force. It is right of worker to get basic welfare facility, to take rest in good environment
during rest time and has enough facilities to use like toilets and changing rooms. Provide
cleaned, well maintained and proper facilities. It is breach of law by employer if worker feel
stress during brake hours or if they go to toilets and the have to wait in a queue.
Consideration of likelihood AND severity The likelihood of stress, headache, decreased
progress, absenteeism due to unappropriated toilets and rest place for the workers in the
organisation. Due to lack of rest area, worker lying down and sitting here and there, few
workers lying down on floor near washrooms during rest time and toilets was not cleaned.
Urine on floor are spreading with water. Urine on floor will be unpleasant and cause smell
and nuisance. Without rest worker cannot concentrate on their task, chance of accident. No
rest can cause stress, headache, decreased progress, absenteeism. Please see the
justification 1 for severity category. The severity of injury of this bad practice is set as
Minor. Workers may turnover from the company due to not provision of welfare facilities.
How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk. This should include: • the
intended impact of the action; • justification for the timescale that you indicated in your risk
assessment; and • whether you think the action will fully control the risk. Provision of
more toilets at the workplace will be major impact on workers and the likelihood of stress,
headache, decreased progress and absenteeism of the workers will be decreased and they
will work with free stress. Worker’s morale will also be increased. I gave 2 months’ time for
to build more toilets. It takes much time due to construction. I hope it will be done in
minimum amount. The action will fully increase the worker’s morale and productivity will
also be increased. Justification for action 3 Action There should be Installation of sound
meters at various locations to continuously monitor intensity of sound. (Hazard category;
Noise) Specific legal arguments C148 - Working Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and
Vibration) Convention, 1977 (No. 148) article 14 states that as far as possible, the working
environment shall be kept free from any hazard due to noise.
Page 16 of 17 R156 - Working Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and Vibration)
Recommendation, 1977 (No. 156) also stated that it is moral and legal duty of employer to
protect the workers’ health at workplace, make adequate controls and methods to protect
workers from excessive noise, and protect their health from noise hazard. According to ILO
act convention 155 recommendations the safety of the workers is employer’s responsibility.
Consideration of likelihood AND severity Working in noisy area are at more risk of
psychological effects, headache, hearing damage because it involves continuously high

exposure of noise. Noise level was very high in the Decorative Paints Production Section
because of technical machine problems and machine operators and other workers were
working there. The outcomes of this unsafe condition will be psychological effects,
headache, hearing damage, ringing bells and permanent loss of hearing. The likelihood of
permanent hearing loss is medium. Please see the justification 1 for severity category.
Severity of ringing bells in the ears and psychological effect is minimal to major and need to
be hospital treatment. How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk. This
should include: • the intended impact of the action; • justification for the timescale that you
indicated in your risk assessment; and • whether you think the action will fully control the
risk. There should be Installation of sound meters at various locations where the noise
exposure is high to continuously monitor intensity of sound. This will allow to detect the
high exposure of noise; after that we can maintain the noise level by engineering control or
substitution. This will reduce the risk of any psychological effects and permanent hearing
loss. The likelihood and severity will also be decreased. I have given a timescale of 1
month. I hope so that area manager agreed the budget and implement it in timely manner.
The action will fully control the risk of hearing problem as provision of sound meters at the
workplace.
Page 17 of 17 Part 4: Review, communicate and check Suggested word counts for each
section: • Planned review date or period and reasoning for this: 50 - 100 words • How the
risk assessment findings will be communicated and who needs to know the information:
100 - 150 words • Follow up on the risk assessment: 100 - 150 words. Planned review
date/period with reasoning The company policy is to review the date of the risk
assessment every 12 months, but this is no longer the case. Since the plant has a new work
process as a result of the new technology installation, I scheduled a 6-month review. The
risk assessment will be reviewed on January 26, 2022. How the risk assessment findings
will be communicated AND who you need to tell After completing assessment I will conduct
a meeting with Plant Manager and HSE Manager and agree the recommendations in this
assessment I suggested and I will provide the findings of summery with recommendation
and for actions of risk areas .The meeting will be emailed with follow-up. The risk
assessment findings will be communicated to the workers by written report. The findings of
risk assessment will be take into account of tool box talk where I will advise the workers
that what types of action to be taken. The finding will be communicated through company
intranet so that every employs can read and understand and also display on notice boards
in different areas. Actions and the summery of this assessment will be communicated to the
employs with their JDs. The finding of the risk assessment will make control measures for
indicate priorities and for improvement and time scale. How you will follow up on the risk
assessment to check that the actions have been carried out I will take reminders for 10 Days
before the action is too completed. I will tell to the Plant Manager and HSE Manager to check
the progress against each section. I will also monitor the performance by checking:
Provision of safety training to schedule, Completion of consultative committee meetings to
schedule, Completion of workplace inspections to schedule. If the action should be on target
or what issues and reasons are to be in the way to complete business. If any action are not

on target than I will speak to the Plant Manager and HSE team to see if there are any further
resources are available for the action. Actions that are very overdue will be referred to
employer via Finance Manager.
organisation* Raysut cement company Site location* Salalah, Oman. Number of workers
3600 General description of the organisation Raysut cement company is the largest cement
production company in Oman which markets its product to the whole country and also
other regions like Qatar, Yemen, Iraq and Iran etc. the company produces many products
like Portland ordinary cement, sulphate resisting cement, ground granulated blast furnace
slag, oil well cement and Raysut Pozzolana well cement. The plant has many areas like
quarry department, milling area, kiln are, waste heat recovery plant and packing area. When
I visited the plant many high risk activities like mining, crushing, grinding, operation of kiln,
operation of conveyer belt system, packing activities, work at height and some maintenance
activities were being taken place. The plant was being operated on heavy machinery like
crushers, grinders, conveyer belt, kiln and power generators. The workers are only required
to work 8 hours per day and they were engaged in three rotating shifts of 8 hours per day it
means the plant is being operated on 24/7. Shift pattern which is followed in this industry
morning shift (8:00am-4:00pm), evening shift (4:00pm-12:00am), night shift (12:00am-
8:00am). Most of the workers of the organization in are young in age. Description of the
area to be included in the risk assessment I included many areas of the plant in my risk
assessment like crushing areas, grinding areas, mixing areas, kiln area, conveyer belt area,
packing area, storage room and maintenance workshops Any other relevant information
The manager who reports directly to managing director will have all the responsibilities of
managing health and safety at plant site.
Page 2 of 16 * If you’re worried about confidentiality, you can invent a false name and
location for your organisation but, all other information provided must be factual. You
should aim to complete this section in 100 - 200 words. Note: this section can be completed
after you have competed your risk assessment. Outline how the risk assessment was
carried out this should include: • sources of information consulted; • who you spoke to; and
• how you identified: - the hazards; - what is already being done; and - any additional
controls/actions that may be required. I started this risk assessment by reading IG2 book
which was helpful for me. This book was useful to understand about workplace hazard like
what hazard will be occurred during working at workplace and what will be its control

measures. I also collected data from different globally recognized websites like the websites
of international labour organization websites and some UK based HSE websites. These
websites were very helpful for me to understand the HSE requirements of a cement plant.
https://www.ilo.org/global/industries-and-sectors/chemical-industries/lang--
en/index.htm https://www.hse.gov.uk/ASBESTOS/managing/types/cement.htm
https://www.hse.gov.uk/ASBESTOS/managing/types/index.htm) then I visited the
websites of the Oman local government labour laws, which also gave me a better
understanding of the rules and regulations of and health and safety of the workers in that
organization which is operating in Oman.
https://omanlawblog.curtis.com/2012/02/health-and-safety-in-workplace.html?m=1 Then
I visited workplace physically where worker, operator, engineer, supervisor and technicians
were working at different places. I talked to area in charge, workers, maintenance staff and
HSE supervisor this conversation was very helpful to understand safety culture of this
organization. I also checked their record books of accident, incident and near miss history
and the records of the risk assessments that have been carried out since last 5 year. All
these sources helped me to know about the existing hazards of the organization. Then
following my inspection I referred back to the notes and findings that I have made during
my visit to decide on which further control measures are required I also referred some of
the HSE notes like for example for work equipment and machinery hazards.
E:C119.
Page 3 of 16 Part 2: Risk Assessment Organisation name: Raysut cement company Date of
assessment: 11th of august 2021 Scope of risk assessment: crushing areas, grinding
areas, mixing areas, kiln area, conveyer belt area, packing area, storage room and
maintenance workshops Hazard category and hazard Who might be harmed and how?
What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are required? Timescales for
further actions to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title Fire Hot work
was being done in the workshop like welding and cutting of the metal and other wooden
waste like card boards were also present behind the hot work activity. All the workers that
are working in the workshop can be harmed. Any spark from welding and cutting activities
can get contact with the combustible material behind this activity and a big fire accident can
happen in the workshop area and the workers can get injuries like burns injuries,
asphyxiation and immediate death can also occur. Fire fighting staff is hired and fire fighting
training held by the safety department at regular basis. Fire extinguishers are installed
inspected regularly expired and used extinguishers are replacing or refilled. 1. Implement
a proper housekeeping plan in the workshop and all the waste material that is combustible
must be removed 2. The workers must be given fire retardant clothing. 3. Hire a fire
watcher. 4. All the work at height activities must be under permit to work system. 5. Safety
sign relevant to fire hazard and fire alarm should be available at the production department.
6. Proper training must be provided to the entire factory workers how to react in case of fire
and what safety measures should be follow for safe working in the area. 2 days 2 days 1
week 1 month 1 week 1 week Finance director (2 3 ) housekeeping in-charge (1) HSE

supervisor (4 5 6)
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title Electricity Faulty electrical
circuits/ electrical panels/ faulty sockets/ damaged insulated wires. All the workers of the
plant can get harmed. Any maintenance worker doing job on the electrical panels or
electrical circuits can get contact with the faulty electrical sockets or damaged insulated
wires and can get electrical shock, personal injury, electrocution and may be die. All the
electrical insulation has been checked by a competent and trained electrician recently. All
the electrical penal is cover with the lock doors. Earthling of the panels is also done. Fused
are installed to avoid the electrical heating of the panels 1. Under grounding wires of the
whole production area is required. 2. Affix LOTOTO (Lock-Out-Tag Out-Try-Out) tags on
machines before any maintenance work. 3. Double insulation or excellent quality of
insulation material is required at immediate basis. 4. Inspection of the isolations of the wire
and electrical equipment/ panels. 5. Use low voltage and efficient electrical equipment as
much as possible and buy them. 6. Information, instruction and training of the workers. 2
weeks 1 week 1 week 1 week 1 month 1 week Finance director (3 5) Electrical
supervisor (1 2 3 4) HSE supervisor (6) Hazardous substance Explosive material and
other chemicals use on the quarry section. All the workers of the quarry section can be
harmed. Different types of explosives and chemicals are used for the extraction of the
limestone and clay from the earth. The exposure of workers to these chemicals can cause
BBV(blood born virus), asbestosis can be happened by asbestos Workers are following the
instructions given by the safety office to use the protective equipment while handling with
the hazardous substances area like gloves, mask, glasses and safety shoes. Safety signs are
placed in chemical store to provide sufficient knowledge about safe handling of chemicals.
1. Provide approved quality of Air purifying respirators and excellent quality of face mask to
the workers for safe working and it will reduce chemical inhaling. 2. Proper disposal of the
contaminated materials and other personal protective equipment when they life expired. 3.
Medical fitness test is mandatory for workers and effected person vaccination 1 week 3
days 1 month Finance director (1 3 4) HSE supervisor (2 3 5)
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title and carbon mono oxide can cause
the serious health issue to the lungs. The workers can also get asthma due to the exposure
of high concentration of dust after explosion. within the company budget. 4. Medical leaves
should be given to the effected workers in case of any serious issue. 5. Workers must be
given rest breaks and job rotation. 2 month 2 week Noise Some machinery like raw
mill, crushing machine and grinding machines were producing high pitch noise All the
workers, supervisor and operators can be harmed. The exposure to high pitch noise for a
long period of time can create many problems in the workers like the worker can get
hearing problems, tinnitus, NIHL and persistent ringing in the ears A noise assessment was

carried out when the factory was setup its foundation at the start of the day and necessary
steps were taken to control noise. A recent review of the personal protection equipment
has been carried out to check the condition of PPE's. As part of this old/broken PPE
(especially hearing protectors) was replaced with suitable hearing protection equipment. 1.
Carefully monitoring and checking modification of the unnecessary work equipment and
replacement should be done at time. 2. Installation of screens around some of the noisier
areas and using sound absorbing materials should be used to control excessive noise. 3.
Arrange a training for the workshop manager and supervisor to develop maintenance
program of equipment and machinery which are producing excessive noise. 4. Purchase an
automatic noise detection meter to check the intensity of noise in different areas. 5. Lower
the friction of machines by proper lubrication plan. 1 week 1 month 1 week 2
week 1 week Finance director (1 4 ) Maintenance in-charge (5) HSE supervisor (2 3)
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title Manual handling Some workers
were shifting the heavy cement bags of about 50 kg to the loader truck by manually The
workers that are involved in manual handling of the cement bags can be harmed. The
loading of the cement bags to the trucks by manually can create serious physical problems
in the workers like the repeated lifting and placing postures can create back bone pain, back
bone injuries, joint pain, muscle stretchiness and WRULD etc. Proper standing and load
lifting training during lifting the load organized as per health and safety standards. Only
young workers were there to lift heavy materials. 1. Hire more workers and implement
buddy system. 2. Arrange the efficient forklift load and production from one place to
another place to avoid manual handling cement bags. 3. Carefully follow the standards of
safety while working in workshops. 4. Provide the recommended modern lifting tools and
trolley to lift cement bags. 5. Installation of conveyer belts for transportation of material
from one place to another. 6. Plan the frequent break to the workers to give them the
mental and physical relaxation. 1 week 2 week 3 days 1 week 2 month 2 week
Finance director (1 2 4 5 ) Activity supervisor (3 6 ) HSE supervisor (3 6) Work
equipment and machinery Some workers were working with the conveyer belt system and
the rotating parts of the conveyer belt All the workers that are working with the conveyer
belt system can be harmed. The workers working with the rotating parts of the conveyer
belt system can get entangled by these rotating parts and can be trapped in and drawn in.
the serious personal injuries can happen like the workers can get . Toolbox talk is
conducted before starting work. Personal protective equipment like gloves, Helmut and
hooks were given to the workers. 1. Install safety guard around the rotating parts of the
conveyer belt system. 2. Give workers tight clothing and enforce the workers to wear it. 3.
Emergency stop button must be installed on the conveyer belt system. 4. Apply proper
maintenance and inspection programme on all the mechanical parts of the machines. 5.
Information instruction and training of the workers. 1 month 2 week 1 month 1
month 1 week Finance director (1 2 3 ) Maintenance in-charge (4) HSE supervisor (4 5)

of 16 Hazard category and hazard Who might be harmed and how? What are you
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title systems does not have safety
guard on it sprains, bone fracture and damaged body parts etc. Vibration Excessive
vibration was being produced in the crushing and grinding sections. All the workers of the
crushing and grinding section can be harmed. Workers were exposed to high level of the
vibration in the grinding and crushing section which can cause serious physical problems
in the workers like the workers can get whole body vibration syndrome, joint weakening ,
joint pain, joint damage etc. Workers are trained for use of vibration hand-held tools There
is an unspecified safety related role to the worker, to minimize the effect of vibration at the
production site. 1. Installation of modern crushes to avoid vibration. 2. Do proper
maintenance and lubrication of machines and replace old Barings to reduce friction. 3.
Monitor the purchase policy to ensure that only suitable equipment is purchased to reduce
the risk of vibration. 4. Monitor the worker health condition while working in the vibration
zone. 5. Purchase good quality personal protective equipment and replace them when their
life span finish. 6. Frequent rest breaks must be provided to the workers. 1 month 1
month 1 month 1 month 2 week 2 week Finance director (1 5) Maintenance in-
charge (2) HSE supervisor (3 4 6)
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title Work at height Maintenance
workers were working on height to do the maintenance of the steam pipelines of the kiln
area. They were using the faulty trestle structure with less guard and toe boards. Workers
who are working on the kiln areas for maintenance works can be harmed. The workers that
are working on the trestle structure can get fall on the ground due to the unprotected
corners of the trestle structure. The workers can get many injuries like serious personal
injuries, bruises and internal and external injuries and bone fracture etc. Trained and
experienced workers are hired to work around rotary kiln and pre heating section.
Standard operating procedures are followed strictly. 1. Selection of acceptable anchor point
for this purpose good quality anchor straps should be used to save from fall. 2.
Consideration should be given fall to arrest system to save the life of workers in case they
all from height. 3. Proper permit to work system should be established and without valid
permit to work nobody should be allowed to work at height especially on scaffolding. 4.
Proper training of workers who will be involved during work at height. 5. Install guard rails
and toe boards. 2 days 1 week 1 month 1 week 2 week Finance director (2 5)
HSE supervisor (1 3 4) Slip and trip Spillage of the oil was observed and improper
housekeeping was also observed. All the workers that are working in workshops can get
harmed. The workers can get slipped due to the spillage and they can be tripped also due to
objects found on the ground and can fall on the ground due to which they can get many
injuries like some serious Wipers are provided to clean the floor. Slip resistant matts are
available at some points 1. Safety signs of slip and trip must be placed. 2. Proper cleaning
of floor in mechanical workshop. 3. Adopt an efficient system of housekeeping in the

workshop. 4. Provide efficient slip resistance shoes to every worker. 5. The workers must be
given training on the safe movement in the workplace. 1 week 1 day 1 week 1 week 1
week Finance director (4) Housekeeping in-charge (1 2 3) HSE supervisor (1 5)
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title personal injuries head injuries,
internal and external injuries. Health, welfare and work environment The workers were
exposed to extreme temperature while working in kiln areas and preheating section. All the
workers that are working in the preheating and kiln areas can be harmed. The exposure
extreme temperature while working in the preheating areas can be dangerous for the
workers. The exposure to extreme temperature for a long period of time can create many
problems in the workers like dehydration, heat stress, fatigue and heat stroke. They can also
get heat burns. Ventilation of the workplace was done by bracket fans that are installed on
the sitting place of the operator. They provide them filter cleaned cold water easily access
to everyone. 1. Maintenance plan for machinery and installation of cooling systems in pre
heating and near kiln areas. 2. Worker should work in continues rotating shift and don’t put
extra burden on the worker. 3. Proper insulation of steam pipe lines to reduce heat loss for
this purpose approved quality of heat resistance material to be used. 4. Provide special
welfare facilities to area operators and helpers for keeping them motivated. 5. Installation
of exhaust system to through hot air out side and make availability of fresh air. 1 month
1 month 1 month 2 week 1 month Finance director (3 4 5) Maintenance in-charge
(1 ) HSE supervisor (2 )
to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title Movement of vehicles and people
at workplace The raw material is being transported to the crushing and grinding areas by
dumper trucks and the trucks were moving from the parking bays All the workers of the
plant can get harmed. The moving vehicles can get collide with the workers can the
workers can get many injuries after collision with these vehicles. The workers can get
injuries like serious personal injuries, sprain, bruises and bone fracture etc. Pedestrian
walkways are clearly marked (these included barriers between the walkway and road) Site
speed limit set at 5mph to avoid over speeding and save workers from injury. 1. in case of
automatic vehicle carefully do inspection monthly. 2. Monitoring and maintenance of the
vehicle while driving like breaks and other parts of the vehicle working well then allow to
work at the production and dispatch area. 3. Don’t allow the overloading of the forklift and
other vehicle. 4. The workshop and parking areas should be well managed and vehicles
should be parked in their line separately. 5. Separate parking bays should be provided for
workers and visitors. 6. Drivers who are driving this moving vehicle should be fully trained
and certified. 1 month 2 days 3 days 1 week 1 month 1 week Finance director (5)
Maintenance in-charge (1 2) HSE supervisor (3 4 6)

of 16 Part 3: Prioritise 3 actions with justification for the selection Suggested word
counts Moral, general legal and financial arguments for all actions: 300 to 350 words For
EACH action: Specific legal arguments: 100 to 150 words Likelihood AND severity: 75 to
150 words How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk: 100 to 150 words
Moral, general legal and financial arguments for ALL actions Moral, general legal and
financial arguments Maple leaf cement factory limited has a moral duty to protect their
workers. Their workers came to work to earn money to fulfil their needs, not come to be put
their selves at risk of falling ill or any permanent disability. Some of the ill-health conditions
can cause of death or injuries that could be occur will have a major impact on the lives of the
workers and their family/friends. Long term injuries/ill-health and also likely to have a
major impact on our workers mental health. The mental health of other workers could also
be affected if they are witness to any serious injuries to other workers so safety of workers
should be the first priority. International labour organization has put some legal duties on
every employer for the protection of the employees according to the c155. Following are the
financial exemptions that an employer has to bear when an accident occurs at workplace •
For injured workers (sick pay, replacement worker wages, medical costs, lost working time
etc.) • Whenever an accident occurs at workplace, property like machinery, final product or
Raw materials also damaged that would be costly for employer and it may effect on profit. •
When an accident occurred in organization production may have to be stopped for accident
investigation so the employer has to bear production losses which can become the cause of
financial losses (direct & indirect). • Employer has to bear cost linked with causalities like
civil claims, precaution charges. • He has to bear cost needed for recruitment and training of
new workers and employees. Employer should follow and implement legal laws and
regulations within his organization. Implementation of legal practices is necessary for all
organization specially in production sector. There are few rules set by international bodies
which are known as international safety standards, if an organization fails to achieve those
standards the law enforcement agencies ILO and local bodies can take further action. At
first, they aware the organization through general notice after that they take further strict
steps to implementation of laws. They can stop the works which have potential to harm the
employees. Law enforcement authorities can
Page 12 of 16 also demand to start the working after making necessary improvements or
taking respective control measures in order to control the risk factors. In case of any serious
accident law enforcement agencies can cancel license of that organization. Justification for
action 1 Action Installation of screens around some of the noisier areas and sound
absorbing materials should be used to control excessive noise(noise) Specific legal
arguments International labour organization has made many conventions and
recommendation to provide safety to the workers from noise hazard. C148 - Working
Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and Vibration) Convention, 1977 (No. 148)article8 The
competent authority shall establish criteria for determining the hazards of exposure to air
pollution, noise and vibration in the working environment and, where appropriate, shall
specify exposure limits on the basis of these criteria
https://ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P12100_ILO_CODE:C148

#A8 According to the visit of the site the workers were exposed to high pitch noise due to
which they can get many problems which is the clear noncompliance of the mentioned
above convention and due to which the organization can face prosecution actions
Consideration of likelihood AND severity The likelihood associated with this hazard will be
considered as high because the workers were exposed to high pitch noise and they were
working in the high noise areas for a long period of time due to which there were number of
chances that workers can get many hearing problems like tinnitus and NIHL. When
considering the severity, I set 4 categories: • minimal: no injury or damage occurred •
minor: injury requiring first-aid and/or slight damage caused to plant/equipment/buildings
• major: injury requiring hospital treatment/stay and/or significant damage caused to
plant/equipment/buildings • fatal: death and/or irreparable damage to
plant/equipment/buildings The severity associated with this hazard will be considered
from the above mentioned table as major because workers will require proper hospital
treatment if they get problems like tinnitus and noise induced hearing loss
Page 13 of 16 How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk. This should
include: • the intended impact of the action; • justification for the timescale that you
indicated in your risk assessment; and • whether you think the action will fully control the
risk. The risk associated with this hazard will be minimised by the Installation of screens
around some of the noisier areas and sound absorbing materials should be used to control
excessive noise. B these provision the noise level of the workplace will get minimised and
the overall risk associated with this hazard will be minimised I have given a time scale of 1
month for the implementation of this system. Because time will require to get approval for
the implementation of this control action from managing director. I think control action will
fully minimise the risk associated with this hazard by the Installation of screens around
some of the noisier areas and sound absorbing materials should be used to control
excessive noise Justification for action 2 Action Install safety guard around the rotating
parts of the conveyer belt system(work equipment and machinery) Specific legal arguments
The International labour organization (ILO) has also set the recommendations to develop
the safe working environment at workplace. C119 - Guarding of Machinery Convention,
1963 (No. 119), “The use of machinery any dangerous part of which, including the point of
operation, is without appropriate guards shall be prohibited by national laws or regulations
or prevented by other equally effective measures: Provided that where this prohibition
cannot fully apply without preventing the use of the machinery it shall apply to the extent
that the use of the machinery permits”.
E:C119 According to the visit of the site the workers were working near the naked rotating
parts of the conveyer belt system due to which they can get many injuries which is the clear
noncompliance of the mentioned above convention and due to which the organization can
face prosecution actions Consideration of likelihood AND severity The likelihood of this
hazard would be considered as much high because workers were working near the naked
rotating parts of the conveyer belts system which does not have safety guard on it due to
which there were many chances of the workers to be getting entangled. And the

consequences of which may be in form of many injuries like cuts, bruises bone fracture etc.
When considering the severity, I set 4 categories:
Page 14 of 16 • minimal: no injury or damage occurred • minor: injury requiring first-aid
and/or slight damage caused to plant/equipment/buildings • major: injury requiring
hospital treatment/stay and/or significant damage caused to plant/equipment/buildings •
fatal: death and/or irreparable damage to plant/equipment/buildings Please see the
severity table that is mentioned above for the consideration of severity. The severity factor
would also be considered as major because this unsafe act or practice can lead to severe
accident, workers can get severe injuries that should need hospital treatment. How effective
the action is likely to be in controlling the risk. This should include: • the intended impact of
the action; • justification for the timescale that you indicated in your risk assessment; and •
whether you think the action will fully control the risk. The risk associated with this work
equipment and machinery hazard can be controlled installing safety guard on the naked
rotating parts of the conveyer belt system. The safety guard will give protection from
getting entangled and the overall risk associated with this hazard will be minimised. The
time of 1 month was suggested in the risk assessment part for the implementation of this
control action. In this time, collaboration with the finance director and general manager
would be done for the purchasing of all desired things for the installation this system. This
action will fully control the risk associated with work equipment and machinery by
installing safety guard on the rotating parts of the conveyer belt system. Justification for
action 3 Action Proper permit to work system should be established and without valid
permit to work nobody should be allowed to work at height especially on scaffolding (work
at height) Specific legal arguments International Labour organization (ILO) has set the
convention to promote the health and safety while doing the working at height. ILO
Convention 1988 (C167, Article 14) (Work at height) Where work cannot safely be done on
or from the ground or from part of a building or other permanent structure, a safe and
suitable scaffold shall be provided and maintained, or other equally safe and suitable
provision shall be made .In the absence of alternative safe means of access to elevated
working places, suitable and sound ladders shall be provided. They shall be property
secured against inadvertent movement. All scaffolds and ladders shall be constructed and
used in accordance with national laws and regulations. Scaffolds shall be inspected by a
competent person in such cases and at such times as shall be prescribed by national laws or
regulations.
E:C167 According to the visit of the site the workers were exposed to high pitch noise due to
which they can
Page 15 of 16 get many problems which is the clear noncompliance of the mentioned above
convention and due to which the organization can face prosecution actions Consideration of
likelihood AND severity The likelihood associated with this hazard will be considered as
high because the workers were working on faulty trestle structure due to which there were
many chances for the workers to get fall on the ground. They can get injuries which are

likely to range from minor injuries such as sprains, bruising slightly more serious such as
fractures or very serious injuries head injuries and internal injuries. Then I set the category
when suggesting the severity in following way: • Minimal: no injury or damage happened. •
Minor: injury happened requiring the first aid treatment and/or unimportant damage to
the equipment and machinery. • Major: injury happened requiring the hospital treatment,
requiring recovery time, and/or important damage to equipment and machinery. • Fatal:
injuring which causing disability or death, and loss of equipment, machinery or building.
The severity will be considered from the above mentioned table which is major. If the
worker get injuries like sprains, bruises, bone fracture and head injuries the workers will
require proper hospital treatment. How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the
risk. This should include: • the intended impact of the action; • justification for the
timescale that you indicated in your risk assessment; and • whether you think the action
will fully control the risk. The risk associated with this hazard will be minimised by
applying permit to work system on all the work at height activities. The permit to work
system will minimise the risk of falling from height by only allowing authorised person to
work at height with the inspected an adequate working plate fro and hence the overall risk
associated with this hazard will be minimised. I have given a time scale of 1 month for the
implementation of this system. Because time will require to get approval for the
implementation of this control action from managing director This control action with some
other control measures will fully control the risk associated with work at height activities
by apply permit to work system which will ensure only competent persons working at
height. Part 4: Review, communicate and check Suggested word counts for each section: •
Planned review date or period and reasoning for this: 50 - 100 words • How the risk
assessment findings will be communicated and who needs to know the information: 100 -
150 words • Follow up on the risk assessment: 100 - 150 words.
Page 16 of 16 Planned review date/period with reasoning I have suggested the date 11th
of august 2022 for review which will be exactly after 12 months because the organization
has a policy to review the risk assessment after every year. I also made sure that the
company will surely review its risk assessment if there is any change in machinery or
equipment, number of workers and plant location. They will also review it if there is any
accident, incident or near miss happen. How the risk assessment findings will be
communicated AND who you need to tell Risk assessment findings summary will be tabled
before starting a meeting with higher management managing director, production manager,
manager admin, HSE manager and store manager. Report will be present in the form of
power point presentation. After complete discussion, suggestion, solving the problems and
after getting approval from top management this report will be finalised and will be sent to
production manager and relevant manager's supervisors through emails. Any issues related
to new risk assessment will be notify and discussed into next meeting with top
management. These risk assessment findings will have major impact on the workers they
will be aware, trained and safe now during their duties. After implementation on these
findings reputation of the industry will very good that will attract new customers. How you
will follow up on the risk assessment to check that the actions have been carried out To

keep follow-up of the risk assessment, I will set reminder before the due date of each
control measure. I will visit all departments for inspection and I will check the
implementation of each control measure. In case of any negligence and delay, I will
communicate with top management, every worker and responsible person of that area to
find the reasons about negligence if I need, I will communicate with higher management6
give them recommendation and report to find solutions. I will plan a meeting of top
management (managing director, production manager, manager admin, HSE manager and
store manager) in this meeting I will share the complete report about the progress and
problems during implementation of risk assessment in the end of the meeting I will request
to the managing director and manager finance to allocate enough resources and budget for
the implementation of each control measure.

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