Volcanism, Tectonic Forces and Processes, Plate Motion, Seafloor spreading

1. ENDOGENIC
PROCESSESVolcanism, Tectonic Forces and Processes, Plate
Motion, Seafloor spreading
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3. SUDDEN MOVEMENT:
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4. The eruption of magma onto the Earth’s
surface through a vent. It includes all phenomena
associated with the creation and discharge of magma
within the mantle to rise thru the crust, forming
volcanic rocks on the surface.
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SUDDEN MOVEMENT:
VOLCANISM
GEOTHERMAL GRADIENT
The change of temperature as going deep of
the Earth.Temperature increases as depth
increases.
Rate of T= 20º C to 30º C per
km.

5. SUBDUCTION
ZONES
Subduction is a geological process that takes place
at convergent boundaries of tectonic plates where
one plate moves under another and is forced or sinks
due to gravity into the mantle. Regions where this
process occurs are known as subduction zones.
What
am I?
What
am I?

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7. PLATE MOTION
CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY
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8. Most accepted theory that explains the gradual
movement of the continents over time.
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CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY
Alfred Wegener theorized that
the continents existed as a
supercontinent named Pangaea.
PLATES the upper
layer of the crust
that is broken down
into large slabs.

9. Plates continue to move due to the convection of
Earth’s surface as rocks continuously exposed to
s t res s .
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TECTONIC FORCES AND
MOVEMENTS
The response to stress is
DEFORMATION- refers to
any change in the shape or
size of a rock.
The response to stress is
DEFORMATION- refers to
any change in the shape or
size of a rock.
FOLDING
FAULTING

10. FOLDIN
GOccur when rocks are
subjected to tectonic forces
from opposite sides
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11. FAULTI
NGThe result of the fracture or
displacement of rock layer
along the fault plane.
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12. PLATE TECTONICS AND PLATE
MOVEMENTS
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13. 7 MAJOR PLATES OF
THE EARTH
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AFRICAN PLATE
ANTARCTIC PLATE
PACIFIC PLATE
EURASIAN PLATE
SOUTH AMERICAN
PLATE
NORTH AMERICAN
PLATE
INDO-AUSTRALIAN
PLATE

14. LARGEST MINOR PLATES
OF THE EARTH
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ARABIAN PLATE
CARIBBEAN PLATE
COCOS PLATE
NAZCA PLATE
PHILIPPINE PLATE
JUAN DE FUCA
PLATE
SCOTIA PLATE

15. CONVERGENT BOUNDARIES:
COLLISION
Features: Earthquakes, Folded
Mountains
CollisionCollision: when the 2 plates are the same
material. When they hit, they both buckle upbuckle up
and forms mountainsand forms mountains HIMALAYAS FOLDED MOUNTAINS

16. DIVERGENT BOUNDARIES
• Features: In continents: Rift Valley,
Volcanoes, Earthquakes
In oceans: Mid-Ocean Ridge, Volcanoes,
Earthquakes
When two plates move apart.

17. TRANSFORM / SLIDING
BOUNDARIES
Features: Earthquakes
When two plates slide past
each other.

18. A geologic process in which the tectonic plates split apart
from each other as a result of mantle convection- the slow,
churning motion of Earth’s mantle.
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SEAFLOOR SPREADING