Application of Intelligent Transportation Systems on Mumbai Eastern Freeway

Intelligent Transportation System 2013-14
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K.J.Somaiya Polytechnic
Civil Engg. Department
Vidyanagar, Vidyavihar
Mumbai-77
Project &Seminar II
On
Intelligent Transportation System & its Application on Eastern
Freeway
Guided By
Mrs.Rema Surendran
Batch
2013-2014

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Mumbai-77
Submission
I Enrollment No. student of final year of
diploma in civil engineering course humbly submit that I have completed from time to
time the practical and project work described in this report by my own skills and study
between December 2013 to march 2014 as per the instruction and guidance of our guide.
Sr. No. Name of students Enroll. No.
1 Karan Makwana FCEG11130
2 Mayur Parmar FCEG11143
3 Dharmin Patel FCEG11146
4 Bharat Raghvani (Leader) FCEG11150
5 Shrenik Shah FCEG11153
6 Vattsal Shah FCEG11154
7 Yash Thakkar FCEG11160
8 Nimesh Waghela FCEG11163
9 Vishal Patel FCEG09150
And teacher has approval that the above students were associated with me for this project
work, however quantum, for my contribution
And that, I have not copied the report from any appreciable form. Any other literature in
contravention of the academic ethics.

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Date Signature of student

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Mumbai-77
Certificate
Certified that this seminar report is submitted by the students of FINAL YEAR of the
program in CIVIL ENGG. As a part of project work as prescribed by the board of studies
K. J. Somaiya polytechnic for the course PROJECT &SEMINAR II and those students
were given instruction from time to time and their progress was found to be satisfactory
and the following students were associated in this
Sr. No. Name of students Enroll. No.
1 Karan Makwana FCEG11130
2 Mayur Parmar FCEG11143
3 Dhyanamm Patel FCEG11146
4 Bharat Raghvani (leader) FCEG11150
5 Shrenik Shah FCEG11153
6 Vattsal Shah FCEG11154
7 Yash Thakkar FCEG11160
8 Nimesh Waghela FCEG11163
9 Vishal Patel FCEG01950
And we have assessed the said work and are satisfied that the same is up to the standard
envisaged for the level of the course, and that the work may be presented to the examiner.
PRINCIPAL H.C.E.D. PROJECT GUIDE

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First and foremost, praises and thanks to the God, the Almighty, for his showers of
blessings throughout our work to complete it and for providing us this opportunity and
granting us the capability to proceed successfully. We would also like to express our
gratitude towards our parents for their kind co-operation and encouragement which helped
us in completion of this work.
We would like to express our deepest appreciation to all those who provided us the
possibility to complete this work. The success and final outcome of this is required a lot of
guidance and assistance from many people and we are extremely fortunate to have got this
all along the completion of our work. Whatever we have done is only due to such guidance
and assistance and we would not forget to thank them.
We take great pleasure to present you our work done during this project on
“Intelligent Transportation system & it’s application on eastern freeway” in VI
Semester Civil Engineering Diploma Course as a part of Project and Seminar II, as
prescribed by the Board of Studies of K. J. Somaiya Polytechnic (Autonomous Institute),
Mumbai for the course of Civil Engineering.
We are highly indebted to our Project Guide Mrs. Rema surendran for her guidance
and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the
project & also for her support in completing the project. It was her moral support that
encouraged us a lot for completion of this project.
Our sincere thanks to Dr. Shankar Vishwanath, Ex. Director of (ES & P), Municipal
Corp. of Greater Mumbai & Mr. Arvind Dhabe, Deputy engineer of MMRDA .
The completion of project would not have been possible without the guidance and
cooperation of our respected staff members who guided us throughout the project.
We would also like to acknowledge with much appreciation the crucial role of all
the industry persons for giving us such attention and time. Also they have helped us in doing
a lot of research work and we came to know about so many new things and we are really
thankful to them

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ABSTRACT
Traffic control has been an issue since humans put the first wheel on the first cart. The
modern world demand mobility. Cars represent the main method of mobility, but today’s
congested highways & city streets don’t move fast, and sometimes they don’t move at all.
Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) applies communications and information
technology to provide solutions to this congestion as well as other traffic control issues.
ITS represents a major transition in transportation on many dimensions. ITS is an
international program intended to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of surface
transportation system through advanced technologies in information systems,
communications and sensors. ITS is designed to promote advance technology, to ensure
that the Electronic Toll Collection System (ETC) is effective, to support safe and fast
driving and to reduce traffic congestion. With this system, people, roads, and vehicles use
the latest information communication technology.
To reduce overall traffic congestion Eastern freeway has been constructed which starts from
Orange Gate and till date it is completed till Ghatkopar with a length of 13.59 km and will
be extended up to Mankhrud. Of which elevated 4 Lane Bridge from Anik (near Wadala,
Antop Hill) to P D Mello Road outside Princess Dock (“Orange Gate” near Wadi Bunder
and S V Patel Road) is the SECOND LONGEST BRIDGE IN INDIA length being 9.3
km.
Typical traffic scenario of area covered by Eastern Freeway during the peak hours giving
emphasis to the Entry & Exit points are included in this report.
To reduce time travel the driver’s tend to cross the safe speed limit, causing accidents, and
life loss. This can be minimized with the effective application of Intelligent Transport
System (ITS).Application such as High Speed Camera’s, Advance Warning System,
Incident System, and Smart Roads will prove as a boon for the effective functioning of
the Eastern Freeway.

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Content Page no.
Chapter 1 ITS
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Benefits of ITS 3
1.3 Classification of ITS 4
1.4 Traffic scenario in Mumbai 4
1.5 Reasons For Traffic Congestion 5
Chapter 2 Advanced Traffic Management system
2.1 Introduction 6
2.2 ATMS Function 7
2.3 DYNAC Software Suite 7
2.4 DYNAC ATMS Feature 8
2.5 Parking management 8
Chapter 3 Advanced public transport system
3.1 Introduction 9
3.2 Fleet Management Systems 10
3.3 Traveler Information Systems 10
3.4 Transportation Demand Management 11
3.5 Electronic Payment Systems 11
3.6 The Transit Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI) 11
Chapter 4 Automated highway system
4.1 The Automated Highway System -- An Overview 12
4.2 AHS Benefits 12
4.3 How it works 13
Chapter 5 Other system
5.1 Incident management system 14
5.2 Electronic toll collection system 14
5.3. Advanced warning system 14
5.4 Vehicle information and communication system 14

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Chapter 6 ITS in India
6.1 ITS in India 15
6.2 Conclusion 16
Content Page no
Chapter 7 Preamble 18
7.1 Traffic related problem 19
7.2 Benefit of eastern freeway 19
7.3 Glance at Freeway 20
Chapter 8 Mumbai EasternFreeway 21
Entry and Exit.
Chapter 9 DetailedRoute of EasternFreeway 24
Chapter 10 Traffic Analysis: Traffic Count Survey 28
Chapter 11 Application of ITS on Freeway 31
11.1 High speed Cameras 32
11.2 Warning System 36
11.3 Incident System 38
11.4 Smart Roads 40
Photo Gallery 41
Conclusion 48/
References 49

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Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Introduction
Intelligent traffic systems (ITS), sometimes called intelligent transportation
systems, apply communications and information technology to provide solutions to
this congestion as well as other traffic control issues.
It represents a major transition in transportation on many dimensions and is an
international program intended to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of
surface transportation systems through advanced technologies in information
systems, communications, and sensors. It is a system which is designed to promote
advance technology, to ensure that the Electronic Toll Collection System (ETC) is
effective and to support safe driving. With this system, people, roads, and vehicles
use the latest information communication technology.
It takes the first step towards meeting this challenge by providing effective,
reliable and meaningful knowledge to motorists in time. Problems like high traffic
congestion; low transportation efficiency, low safety and endangered environment
can be solved through innovative and sophisticated ways of handling latest
techniques that have emerged in recent years in integrating information
technology, electronics and telecommunication with roads and traffic management.
Intelligent transportation systems, or ITS, encompass a broad range of wireless and
wire line communications-based information, control and electronics technologies.
When integrated into the transportation system infrastructure, and in vehicles
themselves, these
Technologies help monitor and manage traffic flow, reduce congestion, provide
alternate routes to travelers, enhance productivity, and save lives, time and money.
1.2 Benefits of ITS
The investments in ITS will help increase the benefits and efficiencies of
transportation systems, thereby reducing the need for much costlier physical
expansion of systems. This optimism is not to be confused as any kind of illusion
that new infrastructure expansion in India can be avoided altogether by resorting to

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ITS. Significant expansion of infrastructure will still be needed in India for a long
time to come. But including ITS in the overall development strategy of India’s
transportation system can increase the number of beneficiaries of the system,
significantly enhance the transportation-related safety which is a major concern in
most parts of India and in some cases reduce the scale of infrastructure expansion.
Thus, a realistic approach to ITS deployment in India would consist of a balanced
component of ITS as part of the ongoing expansion of transportation system.
ITS initiatives in industrialized countries have clearly identified a number of
benefits associated with such projects. Even though ITS projects are
implemented with specific objectives with specific benefits in mind, the overall
benefits to the society may prove to be quite substantial in many cases. For
example, Toronto’s COMPASS Freeway Traffic Management System, one of
the first and successful ITS projects in the world has been subjected to a great deal
of scrutiny to evaluate its benefits. COMPASS has been found to reduce the
incident response times from 86 minutes to 30 minutes, the overall vehicle delay
by 5.3 million vehicle-hours per year, the overall emission by 3,100 tons per year
and the operating costs of commercial vehicles by $55 million per year. Cities in
the United States have reported an increase in throughout by 25% and reduction in
travel times by 25% after implementing appropriate ITS initiatives. The following
is a list of identified benefits of ITS projects:
• Reduced rush hour congestion and delay.
• Increased safety and personal security.
• Time savings and operation efficiencies.
• Reduced fuel consumption and emissions.
• Improved customer service and reduced frustration.
• Reduced road accidents and enhanced economic productivity.
1.3 ClassificationofITS.
 Advanced public transport system.(APTS)
 Advanced traffic management system.(ATMS)
 Automated highway system.
 Advanced traveler information system. (explanation by video)
 Electronic toll system.(explanation by video)
 Advanced warning system.
 Incident management system.
1.4 Traffic scenario in Mumbai
 Mumbai seems to be heading for a traffic disaster with least 200 cars and 300 two-
wheelers being added to its road every day, indicating more people choose to
travel through their own vehicle instead of using public transport.

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 Data available with state transport dept. reveals was that until March 2010, 57,846
two-wheelers and 30,118 cars were added to the Mumbai’s already congested
road. Data available was of 2010 but today there is more number of vehicles on
road.
 Total number of vehicle in Mumbai has increased by 93,432 since2009, but
number of public transport used by public is increased by only 5,083 until March
2011.
1.5Reasons ForTraffic Congestion
 Most of traffic congestion occurs due to improper parking and hawkers on side of
road.
 Most important reason for traffic is infrastructure which draws more traffic into
road system
 Drainage system of roads is not good due to which there is a water logging in
many area.
 Major problem is population and land is not available for construction of new
roads option remains is that constructing road on sea or on air.
 Shortage of man power.
 Non-cooperation from public for any new system or changes.
 High accident rates due to varying speed of vehicles and lack of discipline among
road users.
 Absence of effective monitoring and prevention of traffic violation.
 Inadequate public transportation facilities, which run behind scheduled, causing
inconvenience to public.

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Chapter 2
Advanced Traffic Management system
2.1 Introduction
There would be no need of having management system for traffic, if traffic condition were
like of 60’s but time have changed hence the traffic condition.
At present there are 72.7 million motor vehicles are running on Indian roads and still
increasing. Most shocking part is only 3 Km of road is available for 1000 population.
India has highest number of road accident death with 1.3 lacs because of which every year
road accidents cost India about 3% to GDP.
Graphical representation for causes of accidents:-

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There is 77.91% of drivers fault and 17.40% for other which include poor road sign, non
functioning signs, bad weather etc
The Traffic Management System field is a primary subfield within the intelligent
transportation system domain. The ATMS view is a top-down management
Perspective that integrates technology primarily to improve the flow of vehicle traffic and
improve safety. Real-time traffic data from cameras, speed sensors etc flow into Traffic
Management System where it is integrated and processed (e.g. Incident detection) and
may result in action taken (e.g. traffic routing,DMS messages) with a goal of improving
traffic flow.
2.2 ATMS Function
Real-time traffic monitoring
Dynamic message sign monitoring and control
Incident monitoring
Traffic camera monitoring
Active traffic management
Chain control
Ramp meter monitoring and control
Arterial management
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Drivers
fault
Pedstain2
Mechanical
Bad roads
Others
percentage

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Traffic signal and monitoring control
Automated warning system
Road weather information system
Highway advisory radio
Urban traffic management and control
2.3 DYNAC Software Suit
Transdyn is anorganization that delivers DYNAC Software suit.DYNAC –advanced
traffic management software delivers the reliability and real-time data needed to
effectively manage highway, freeway,bridges and tunnel operations. This field-proven
National Transportation Communication for Intelligent (NTCIP)-complaint software has
been in use by transportation agencies since 1990 to meet the growing needs for versatile
transportation solutions.
DYNAC ATMS ensures optimal usage and safe passage on critical roadways, both under
normal conditions and during periods when planned events or unexpected adverse
condition such as inclement weather, lane closures, vehicular incidents and heavy volume
can impact the normal flow of traffic.
2.4 DYNAC ATMS Feature
 Vehicle detection and traffic monitoring.
 Automatic incident detection.
 Integrated intelligent video management.
 Real-time decision supports.
 Stopped vehicle detection.
 Automatic emergency and maintenance.
 Movable median barrier and reversible roadways
 Supervisory control for traffic signalization system.
 Integrated bridge and tunnel facility.

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 Closed loop control for ventilation system for tunnel.
 Interface site access, security and fire protection system.
 Management for freeways.
2.5 Parking management
Most of the traffic congestion occurs due to unmanaged parking. Efficient traffic
management system needs to be developed for traffic management.
This problem can be overcome by constructing a structure of level parking,
Undertaking grounds for parking. Instead of building islands at junction of roads,
parking can be constructed e.g. near CST station
Strict rules needed to be established for unmanaged parking around streets.

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Chapter 3
Advanced public transport system
3.1 Introduction
APTS include application such as automatic vehicle location, which enable transit vehicle,
whether bus or rail, to report location, making it possible for traffic operation managers to
construct a real-time view of the status of all assets in the public transportation system.
APTS help public to make public transport a more attractive option for commuters by
giving them enhance visibility into the arrival and departures status of buses and trains.
This category also include electronic fare payment system for public transportation
system, such as suica in Japan or T-money in Korea, which enable transit users to pay
fares contactlessely from their smart cards or mobiles using near field communication
technology.
Advanced transportation system, particularly providing “next-bus” or “next train
information” are increasingly common worldwide from Washington D.C. to Paris, Seoul,
Tokyo, Korea but not much in India.
APTS technologies can be organized into five broad categories that describe the
technologies' relevance to transit applications. Each category is comprised of a variety of
technology choices that are available to help transit agencies and organizations meet
travelers' service needs while increasing safety and efficiency. The five APTS technology
categories are:-
Transit Application APTS Technologies
Fleet Management Systems
1) Automatic Vehicle Location Systems.
2) Transit Operations Software.
Communications Systems.
3) Geographic Information Systems. 4)
Automatic Passenger Counters. 5)Traffic
Signal Priority Systems.
Traveler Information Systems
1) Pre-Trip Transit and Multimodal 2)
Traveler Information Systems.

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3.2FleetManagementSystems
Fleet Management Systems aid in boosting the efficiency of transit systems, reducing
operating costs, and improving transit services through more precise adherence to
schedules. Fleet management systems do this by using technology to monitor the fleet's
effectiveness in meeting customer demand, identifying incidents, managing response, and
restoring service more effectively. More efficient planning, scheduling, and operations
can also increase ridership as customers are able to better depend on transit.
E.g. scheduling more trains and buses during Ganpati at night.
3.3TravelerInformation Systems
Traveler Information Systems combine computer and communications technologies to
provide vehicle information to travelers at home, at work, on the roadside, or at bus and
rail transit stations. The information allows travelers to choose the most efficient and
convenient modes of travel. Travelers can access real-time schedules and congestion
information through telephones, cable television, variable message signs, kiosks, or
personal computers. The result is more convenience for routine or occasional travelers in
using and choosing transit.
E.g. providing real time information about buses, train any other transit to public
On digital screen.
3) In-Terminal/Wayside Transit
Information Systems.
4) In-Vehicle Transit Information Systems.
Electronic Payment Systems
1)Smart Cards
2)Fare Distribution Systems
3)Clearinghouse
Transportation Demand Management
1)Dynamic Ridesharing
2)Automated Service Coordination
3)Transportation Management Centers
The Transit Intelligent Vehicle Initiative
(IVI)
1)Lane Change and Merge Collision
Avoidance
2)Forward Collision Avoidance
3)Rear Impact Collision Mitigation
4)Tight Maneuvering/ Precision Docking

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3.4 Electronic Payment Systems
Electronic Payment Systems are installed to make fare payment more convenient for
travelers and revenue collection less costly for transit providers. These systems combine
fare media, such as magnetic stripe cards or smart cards, with electronic communications
systems, data processing computers, and data storage systems to more efficiently collect
fares. Cards can be used for regional travel on buses, subways, and rail. These systems
can also be used to report real-time travel demand for better planning and scheduling of
services.
E.g. E-tolling system for highway which will reduce delay problem.
3.5 TransportationDemand Management
Transportation Demand Management refers to a set of techniques and programs employed
by transportation agencies and organizations to more effectively manage and utilize the
capacity of the existing infrastructure. The goal of demand management is to maximize
the capacity of the current transportation network in order to meet the increase in the
demand for transportation services. The techniques and programs utilize advanced
technologies to monitor capacity and manage the system in real time, as well as provide
information and incentives for travelers to find alternative solutions to traveling alone.
An example is the use of High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes on freeways in which cars
with 2 or more passengers can drive. The objective of such a program is to encourage
carpooling on congested highways. or
Providing alternative to public for travel like monorail, metro, light-rail etc.
3.6The TransitIntelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI)
The Transit Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI) is a research and development effort that is
seeking to develop technologies that help prevent crashes. Advanced safety and
information systems are applied to help drivers operate transit vehicles more safely and
effectively. The current focus of Transit IVI is to test these technologies on buses and

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paratransit vehicles; rail vehicles will be considered in the future. For buses, the FTA has
identified the five most frequent crash types
Chapter 4
Automated highway system
4.1 The Automated Highway System -- An Overview
The demand on our overburdened highway system is increasing every day. Traffic is
snarled, drivers are snarling. What should be a routine 20-minute trip can take hours, as
traffic congestion multiplies the effects of individual variations in driving performance "as
determined by physical abilities, knowledge, experience and, indeed, personality." We
lose control over our plans and schedules; we rush because we're late; we cause accidents
and create ill will through recklessness and bad temper. This, in turn, makes the highway
system even more sluggish, unpredictable, and nonresponsive to driver needs.
A solution is waiting in the wings. The Automated Highway System (AHS) program,
stepped up in response to the mandate of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency
Act of 1991 (ISTEA) to "develop an automated highway and vehicle prototype from
which future fully automated intelligent vehicle-highway systems can be developed," will
provide the vision and technology to make highway driving efficient, safe, and
predictable.
In an automated highway system, the car will be guided by the road rather than by the
driver. Sensors and communication devices will link the road and the vehicle to maximize
driving performance. Driver error will be reduced and ultimately, with full
implementation, eliminated.
4.2 AHS Benefits

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Research has proven that the benefits of AHS on the performance of the existing
transportation system will, over time, be enormous and far-reaching. Over the long term,
traffic congestion will be reduced; safety will be enhanced to produce a virtually collision-
free environment; driving will be predictable and reliable. More specifically, the
advantages of AHS implementation include the following.
•More vehicles can be accommodated on the highway. The number of vehicles per hour
per lane can be significantly increased as traffic speeds are standardized and increased and
headway distances are decreased.
•Driving safety will be significantly greater than at present. The human error factor will be
removed.
•High-performance driving can be conducted without regard to weather and environmental
conditions. Fog, haze, blowing dirt, low sun angle, rain, snow, darkness, and other
conditions affecting driver visibility (and thus, safety and traffic flow) will no longer
impede progress.
•All drivers using AHS can be safe, efficient drivers. AHS offers enhanced mobility for
people with disabilities, the elderly, and less experienced drivers.
•Fuel consumption and emissions can be reduced. In the short term, these reductions will
be accomplished because start-and-stop driving will be minimized and because on-board
sensors will be monitored to ensure that the vehicle is operating at top performance. In the
long term, the AHS can support future vehicle propulsion/fuel designs.
•Land can be used more efficiently. Roads will not need to take up as much room, since
AHS facilities should allow for more effective use of the right of way. (1)
•More efficient commercial operations. Commercial trucking can realize better trip
reliability to support "just-in-time" delivery.
•More efficient transit operations. Transit operations can be automated, extending the
flexibility and convenience of the transit option to increase ridership and service.
4.3How it works
In one scheme, the roadway has magnetized stainless-steel spikes driven one meter apart
in its center the car senses the spikes to measure its speed and locate the center of the lane.
Furthermore, the spikes can have either magnetic north or magnetic south facing up. The
roadway thus has small amounts of digital data describing interchanges, recommended
speeds, etc.

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The cars have power steering and automatic speed controls, which are controlled by
computer. The cars, organize themselves into platoons of eight to twenty-five cars. The
platoons drive themselves a meter apart, so that air resistance is minimized. The distance
between platoons is the conventional braking distance. If anything goes wrong, the
maximum number of harmed cars should be one platoon.
Chapter 5
Other systems
5.1 Incident ManagementSystem
• They offer real time information about traffic conditions through variable message sign to
warn accidents or other delays.
• Variable message sign is a board which provides information to the motorist of the
upcoming hazards.
• Enables authorities to identify and respond to vehicle crashes or breakdowns with the most
appropriate and timely emergency services, thereby minimizing recovery time.
5.2Electronic TollCollectionSystem
• ETC is a system by which drivers can pay tolls without having to stop at a toll booth.
• The collection of fees is performed electronically by way of equipment installed in the
vehicle and sensors at toll location.
• ETC is based on vehicle roadside communication system.
5.3. Advanced Warning System
• This system warns the present accident to be caused when traffic slows down abruptly due to
road conditions.
• The information given to the driver when the vehicles come closer either from front or back
is conveyed through AWS which helps in preventing road crashes.
5.4Vehicle Information and Communication System

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• In this system, the drivers are provided with real time information on the traffic conditions
• They update all the road users about the traffic conditions and other information like
congestion, jams, roadblocks, pollution levels etc.
• The information is given via FM band or through road maps quickly showing the traffic
conditions in surrounding areas. The driver can use this information to select the best route
by using in vehicle monitor
Chapter 6
ITS in India
6.1 ITS IN INDIA
In India 70 State Transport Undertakings which together own and operate 1,13,000
Buses and, provide mobility to 65 million passengers a day, across the length and
Breadth of the country. APTS technologies along with Fleet Management Systems
can make use, to achieve sustainable and environmental friendly transportation for
the 21stCentury. In addition to the above technologies, institutional and market
factors also play an important role in successful ITS deployment for enhanced
safety, mitigation of environmental impacts of transportation systems, enhanced
energy performance, and improved productivity.
ITS has been proved to be the optimal solution to the enigma of building and
operating transportation systems to meet expeditiously growing urban travel demand in
developed countries.
The most important task of ITS India will be the dissemination of ITS knowledge and
imparting training for new professionals. ITS India would be able to bring the ITS
expertise in the public and private sectors and academia under one umbrella. Taking into
account the political, economic and linguistic differences in India from one region to
another, the ministry of Surface Transportation may have to take the lead in establishing
such an organization. In the Indian context, a professional body of this nature would be
expected to consist of regional units in each state with a coordinating central body.
In 1980’s, number of developed countries started using advanced systems to control and
regulate the traffic, accident prevention, parking , toll collections,
Signalization and other vital tasks. This is still to develop in India to suit our local
ambience. Also the problems faced by us are different than those in developed countries.

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The very first equipment to be used in Indian environment was electronic toll collection
along the newly created expressways viz., Delhi-Noida, Ahmedabad-Mehasana, Mumbai-
pune, expressways which is functioning satisfactorily.
What we need for the present day in India is to save the lives of innocent people from
onslaught of accidents, which is termed as “murder on wheels”. This is because every year
more than rupees 7000 crores are being spent as compensation from authorities. Using
ITS, it is possible to save the lives of the victims by transferring them to trauma care
centers within the golden hour. Almost, more than 1% of GDP is just paid as
compensation. In developed countries, a portion of this type of amount is spent in advance
to improve road, traffic and other related conditions to prevent accidents beforehand,
which are termed as “import cost”. In India, accidents are allowed to take place and
compensation is paid later which amounts to a greater magnitude, which is termed as
“export cost”. In this direction, number of technically advanced systems is available in the
developed countries, whereas this is always a question mark in developing countries
particularly in India.
What is needed in the present context is the mindset of policy and decision makers to use
for Indian highways and problematic locations of urban areas. What ultimately is expected
is co-operation from end user and the adaptation to the new system.
6.2CONCLUSION
The potential of ITS technologies in improving the efficiency of transportation sector in
India appears to be very promising based on the experience of other countries. It is
understood that a national strategic ITS plan for India is needed for the effective
development and deployment of ITS initiatives in India. A broad framework of such a
plan is presented here to generate a discussion on the topic among transportation
professionals and policy makers in India. The importance of professional cooperation in
the area of ITS between the public and private sectors and the academia is also identified
and a preliminary organizational set-up towards this end is presented in the form of ITS
India.
In India many infrastructural projects are under construction and some are still in planning
stage. Some of the ITS technologies like AWS, ETC, fleet management, incident
management can be applied to achieve an efficient transport system. Public transport that
is almost monopolized in Indian cities can utilize ITS based technologies for their
effective operation. Since ITS technology is as old 20 years in the world, India will have

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to pick up this for its updating and on par with developed countries in modern
transportation requirements.

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Chapter 7
PREAMBLE
General
Mumbai is growing exponentially in terms of population as well as employment
opportunities. According to regional plan of Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) ,
population of MMR is expected to reach 22 millions in the year 2011 from 17 millions
2001.In Mumbai decadal population growth rate observed in suburbs varies from 110% in
1961-71 to 19% in 1991-2001.Population in Mumbai has reached 11.9 million in 2001 and
is expected to touch 14 million mark by 2016
The road network in Mumbai is developed in north-south direction. Traffic from north
through NH -8(Ahmadabad –Mumbai),north-east through NH 3 (Indore-Nasik-Mumbai)
and from east through NH 4 and Mumbai Pune expressway and NH 17(Mumbai-Goa)
entry/exit at the outskirts of the city and get connected to city road network. There are 3
main express highways viz (1)western express highway (WEH),(2)Eastern Expressway
Highway(EEH) and (3) Sion Panvel Express highway. Besides this there are 7 arterials viz
(1) Linking Road,(2) Swami Vivekanad Road(SV) (3) Lal Bahadur Shahstri
Marg(LBS),(4) Dr. Ambedkar Road(5) Veer Savarkar Road(6)Dr.Annie Besant
Road(7)P.D’Mello road running in north-south direction.
There are 5 arterial roads planned to provide east-west connectivity in the suburbs of
Mumbai, these are:
1) Sion- Dharavi Mahim Link Road (existing)
2) Santacruz- Chembur link Road (partly developed)
3) Andheri- Ghatkopar Link Road (partlydeveloped)
4) Jogeshwari- Vikroli Link Road (partly developed)
5) Goregaon –Mulund Link Road(partly existing)

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27
Out of these, Jogeshwari - Vikroli Link is being upgraded to six lane divided carriage way
with service roads on either side and Santacruz – Chembur Link is being developed to six
lane road with service road on either side with ROBs across central railways (main line
and harbor line) under World Bank Funded, MUTP programme. Construction of
Goregaon-Mulund link is stalled as its alignment passes through reserved forest land and
no development zone.
7.1 Traffic RelatedProblems
Some of the major traffic related problems in greater Mumbai are highlighted below
 Though, MSRDC has recently constructed number of fly over on the major arterial
roads like Eastern Express highway, western express highway and Sion Panvel
highway, there is a need to construct grade separators at critical junction on other
arterial roads.
 The access to the domestic and international airport terminals from different areas
is not good. Also the road connections between domestic and International Airport
Terminal is very narrow and congested and needs immediate improvement
 There are a very few ROBs hampering the efficient east west connectivity. Many
of the locations need ROBs on western and central railway to facilitate easy
accessibility and relived pressure on north-south corridors. Also some of the
existing ROBs need to be widened to cope up with the increasing traffic.
 Some east- west connection link roads need capacity augmentation
 The productivity of BEST bus system is reduced indicating the need for
improvement through bus priority lanes and bus corridors
 The terminal facilities for intra-city and inter-city bus system are not adequate.
There is very poor connectivity to the Bandra Terminal and LT terminals (Kurla)
which needs immediate improvement. Also the traffic dispersal system over the
railway terminal, viz. Mumbai Central ,CST and Dadar needs improvement.
 It is necessary to provide more pedestal grade separators in greater Mumbai , to
improve the safety
 The access roads to the suburban railway station are in very poor condition. Also
the traffic dispersion system in many of the stations need to be improved.
7.2 Benefits of EasternFreeway

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28
Port Traffic
 Direct high speed unrestricted link.
 Distance saving of about 4.5 km avoiding heavily traffic corridor.
 Faster movements & lower operating costs.
 Better port efficiency & competitiveness.
 Facilitate cargo growth and expanding container facilities.
 Designed for heavy multi axle vehicular traffic.

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29
7.3 Glance at Freeway

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30
Chapter 8
Mumbai Eastern Freeway Entry & Exit
Mumbai’s Eastern Freeway is from Ghatkopar in the North to P D’Mello Road and
Museum/Fort in South Mumbai. Eastern Freeway has NO TRAFFIC SIGNALS and
bypasses 28 signals.
NOTE: Only Cars, SUVs and Buses are allowed on the Eastern Freeway. Scooters,
Motorcycles, Bikes, Autos, 3-wheelers and multi-axle vehicles are NOT ALLOWED on
the Eastern Freeway.
Entry and Exit Points on Mumbai’s Eastern Freeway
(Detailed Google
Map of Eastern Freeway)
Eastern Freeway is divided into 3 main section
Ghatkopar to Panjarpol (Chembur) Link Road: Elevated 4 lane Bridge from Indian
Oil Nagar on Ghatkopar Mankhurd Link Road to Panjarpol (Shivaji Chowk Circle in
Chembur) crossing Ashok Nagar, Gautam Nagar, Deonar Abattoir. Distance = 2.5 km
1. Anik to Panjarpol (Shivaji Chowk, Chembur) Link Road (APLR): 8 lane concrete
road along the ground from Panjarpol at Chembur’s Shivaji Chowk to Anik (near
Wadala, Antop Hill), via BARC hill (2 tunnels) to. Distance = 5.0 km.
2. P D’Mello Road to Anik (near Wadala): Elevated 4 lane Bridge from Anik (near
Wadala, Antop Hill) to P D Mello Road outside Princess Dock (“Orange Gate” near

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31
Wadi Bunder and S V Patel Road). This is the SECOND LONGEST BRIDGE IN
INDIA. Distance = 9.3 km.
Sr.
No.
Eastern Freeway Entry/Exit
Type of
ramp
Places Covered by Eastern Freeway
1 Orange Gate (Princess Dock)
near P D Mello Road
ENTRY
and EXIT
SOUTH MUMBAI: Carnac Bunder, Wadi
Bunder,
Dockyard Road, Mazgaon, Byculla,
Masjid Bunder, Fort, VT, Colaba, Nariman
Point, Churchgate.
2 ONLY EXIT on Port Road near
Nawab Tank & Dockyard Road
(opp Hospital Lane).
ONLY
EXIT
EXIT POINT for South and Central
Mumbai areas of Sewri,
Mazgaon, Byculla, Sandhurst Road, Raey
Road,
Dockyard Road, Darukhana, Tadwadi,
Madanpura,
Mumbai Central, Tardeo,
3 ONLY ENTRY at Reay Road,
near Port Road and Mahul
Road.
ONLY
ENTRY
ENTRY POINT FOR CENTRAL MUMBAI:
Raey Road, Hay Bunder, Darukhana,
Byculla, Thakkar Estate, Agripada, Jacob
Circle, Mahalaxmi, Worli,
Chinchpokli. THESE AREAS WILL BE
BETTER SERVICED BY PORT ROAD
RAMP (operational in Dec, 2013): Sewri,
Lalbaug, Parel, Lower Parel, Currey Road,
Dadar, Mahim, Matunga
4 Sewri Station. Entry from Sewri
Nursing Home and Exit on
Mahul Road (Port Road). [From
Dec, 2013].
ENTRY
and EXIT
CENTRAL MUMBAI: Sewri, Bhoiwada,
Tilak Nagar, Lalbaug, Parel, Lower Parel,
Currey Road, Elhpinstone Road, Worli,
Prabhadevi, Dadar, Bandra-Worli Sea
Link. THESE AREAS WILL BE BETTER
SERVICED BY BHAKTI PARK

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32
RAMP (operational in Dec, 2013): Mahim,
Matunga, Wadala, Parsi Colony, King
Circle
Sr.
No.
Eastern Freeway Entry/Exit
Type of
ramp
Places Covered by Eastern Freeway
5
BhaktiPark (Anik, Wadala). Exit
and Entry on Sewri – Chembur
Road. [From Dec, 2013].
ENTRY
and EXIT
CENTRAL & EASTERN MUMBAI: Anik,
Bhakti Park, Wadala, Dadar, Hindu Colony,
Parsi Colony, Matunga, King Circle, Sion,
Chunabhatti, Kurla, Guru
TegBhadur, Bandra-Worli Sea Link,
Mahim, Bandra, Bandra-Kurla Complex,
Khar, Mahul,
6 Mysore Colony and RCF Juction
ENTRY
and
EXIT
CENTRAL & EASTERN MUMBAI: Mysore
Colony, Chembur, RC Marg, RCF, Suman
Nagar, Chunabhatti, Trombay, BARC,
BPCL, Tata Power, HPCL,
7 Shivaji Chowk, Panjarpol
ENTRY
and
EXIT
CENTRAL, EASTERN & NAVI MUMBAI:
Chembur, RK Studio, Kurla, Milan Ng,
Govandi, Mankhurd, Ambedkar Ng, BARC,
Trombay, BPCL, Tata Power, HPCL,
Anushakti Ng. THESE AREAS WILL BE
BETTER SERVICED BY GHATKOPAR-
MANKHURD & GOVANDI
RAMPS (operational in Dec, 2013):
Deonar, Eastern Express Highway,
Chedda Ng, Kamraj Ng, Kurla,
LokmanyaTilak Terminus, Bandra-Kurla
Complex (BKC), Santacruz, Vile Parle,
Airport, Andheri, Saki Naka, Airport,
Ghatkopar, Vikhroli, Powai, Bhandup,
Mulund, Thane, Vashi, Navi Mumbai, Pune
8 Govandi. [From Dec, 2013].
ENTRY
and
EXIT
EASTERN MUMBAI: Govandi, Deonar,
Bhim Ng, Gautum Ng, Chembur Station
9
Ghatkopar – Mankhurd Link
Road. [From Dec, 2013].
ENTRY
and
EXIT
CENTRAL, EASTERN & NAVI MUMBAI:
Eastern Express Highway (1 Km), Chedda
Ng, Kamraj Ng, Kurla, LokmanyaTilak
Terminus, Bandra-Kurla Complex (BKC),
Santacruz, Vile Parle, Airport, Andheri,
Saki Naka, Airport, Ghatkopar, Vikhroli,
Powai, Bhandup, Mulund, Thane, Vashi,
Navi Mumbai, Panvel, Khapoli, Lonavala,
Pune

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33
Chapter 9
Detailed Route of Eastern Freeway Road in Mumbai
Ghatkoparto Panjarpol Link RoadOn EasternFreeway
 This segment of the Eastern Freeway will become operational in December, 2013.
 The Entry / Exit point of Eastern Freeway is near Indian Oil Nagar (Jijibhai Bhosale
Marg) on the Ghatkopar – Mankhurd Link Road. This Start/End of the Eastern
Freeway is only 1 Km away from the Eastern Express Highway at Ghatkopar.
 From Ghatkopar a new 4 lane Eastern Freeway bridge passes Gautam Nagar and
Ashok Nagar. The bridge Ends/Starts at Pranjol at the Shivaji Chowk in Chembur.
 Other entry/exit ramps are at Govandi and Panjarpol.
 Total Distance = 2.5 km

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34
Anik Panjarpol Link Road(APLR) On EasternFreeway
 A new 8 lane Eastern Freeway concrete road is built from Shivaji Chowk (Panjar Pol)
circle in Chembur to Anik near Wadala. Route of APLR Starts / Ends at Panjarpol at
Shivaji Chowk circle in Chembur, passes Tata Power Colony, passes 2 tunnels near
BARC, passes between RCF and Bharat Petroleum and Ends / Starts at Anik (near
Antop Hill, Wadala).
 This new road is along the ground. There are two 505 meter tunnels which pass
through the hills near BARC. Both these tunnels have 4 lane concrete roads passing
through.
 Exit and entry points are at Anik (Bhakti Park), Mysore Colony and Shivaji Chowk,
Chembur (Panjarpol, R K Studios).

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35
Anik to P D’Mello Road on EasternFreeway
Starting / Ending at Anik near Wadala and Antop Hill, this section of the Eastern Freeway
starts with a 0.7km bridge over Salt pans until MbPT Pipe Line Gate. From Pipeline Gate
a new 4 lane Elevated Bridge (2nd longest in urban India) passes along Antop Hill,
Wadala, Sewri, Raey Road, Dockyard Road, Mazgaon Dock, Mazgaon, and Wadi Bunder.
The Exit/Entry point of the Eastern Freeway Bridge is Orange Gate (Princess Dock) on P
D Mello Road.
 There is an Entry ramp at Reay Road, an Exit ramp at Mumbai Port Road (near Nawab
Tank Road) and an entry + exit ramp near Sewri Railway Station.
 Large part of the 4 lane bridge is built over Mahul Road, which is the primary feeder
road to Mumbai’s ports.

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36
EasternFreewayfrom P D’Mello Roadto VT, Fort and Museum
 From P D Mello to travel to VT/CST, Fort and Museum (Regal), continue along the
straight P D’Mello Road. This is the road that runs parallel to the JJ Flyover and is
behind CT/CST station. This road crosses Carnac Bunder and Frere Road and ends
near the GPO and CST/VT Station (Back side).
 Continue straight along the Shahid Bhagat Singh Road up to Museum, crossing Mint,
RBI, Asiatic Society (Town Hall) on the way.

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37

Page
38
Chapter 10
Traffic Analysis: Traffic Count Surveys
The Average Daily Traffic (ADT) in terms of passenger and freight vehicular traffic on
Rafi Ahmed KidwaiMarg ,wadala Truck Terminal Road and Messant Road were
presented in tables respectively.The details of goods vehicles movement to/from MbPT
Gates were present in Table. From Table it can be observed that on average day about
2636 freight vehicles enter/leave Mumbai Port .
Table: Average Daily Traffic On Ahmed Kidwai Marg
Direction Pass.
(Veh.)
Goods
(Vech.)
Total
(Veh.)
Pass.
Veh.
(PCUs)
Goods
Veh.
(PCUs)
Total
Towars Port 9450 5829 15279 8541 15278 23818
Away From
Port
10866 5681 16547 9897 15065 24962
Total 20316 11510 31826 18438 30343 48780
Table: Average Daily Traffic Wadala Truck Terminal Road
Direction Pass.
(Veh.)
Goods
(Vech.)
Total
(Veh.)
Pass.
Veh.
(PCUs)
Goods
Veh.
(PCUs)
Total
Towars Port 6297 3713 10009 5510 11943 17453
Away From
Port
4765 4732 9498 4219 15273 19492
Total 11062 8445 19507 9829 27216 36945

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39
Table: Average Daily Traffic OnMessant Road
Direction Pass.
(Veh.)
Goods
(Vech.)
Total
(Veh.)
Pass.
Veh.
(PCUs)
Goods
Veh.
(PCUs)
Total
Towars Port 5915 2577 8492 6053 7788 13840
Away From
Port
3648 1584 5232 3706 4782 8488
Total 9563 4162 13725 9759 12570 22329
Table: Gods Vehicles Movement to/from MbPT Gates
Description Trucks Tractor/Trailers
LCV 2-
Axle
3-
Rigid
Multi
Axie
Tractor Tractor/Trailers Total
Orange Gate
In 66 154 223 430 10 14 897
Out 29 143 241 407 6 20 846
Total 95 297 464 837 16 34 1743
Red Gate
In 30 191 52 37 0 0 310
Out 18 58 43 64 1 0 184
Total 48 249 95 101 1 1 494
Yellow Gate
In 18 84 93 1 0 0 197
Out 8 164 23 6 0 0 202
Total 26 248 116 7 0 0 399
All Gate
In 114 429 368 468 10 15 1404
Out 55 365 307 477 7 20 1233
Total 169 794 675 645 17 35 2636
Traffic composition observed on R.A.Kidwai Marg, Wadala Truck Terminal Road and
Massant Road were presented in Figures respectively.

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40
Project Peak Hour Traffic on Eastern Freeway (in PCU)
Sec.
Name 2008 2011 2021
1 Museum-GPO-Carnac
Bunder
2892 3087 3837
2 Carnac Bunder-Wadi
Bunder
2783 2971 3693
3 Wadi Bunder-Victoria
Bridge
4528 4833 6008
4 Victoria Bridge-Sewri 5140 5487 6821
5 Sewri-Anik 2640 2818 3503
6 Anik-Panjarpol Junction 3402 3631 4514
7 Panjarpol Junction 2805 2994 3722

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41
Chapter 11
Application of Intelligent Transportation System on Eastern
Freeway.
Mumbai is “City of Dreams” for all because of its infrastructure, employment
opportunities and lifestyle which draws more and more population which result in
increased number of vehicle. Many ambitious project had been undertaken by government
to reduce congestion by constructing bridges, new road, flyovers etc. from all projects one
of the best project is Eastern Freeway which connects Eastern Express Highway to CST
near Dockyard. Eastern Freeway reduces the travel time from 1hr30min to 15min which
is fantastic and mind-blowing which reduces congestion near many places that used to
occur due to heavy vehicle.
In spite of such incredible project, safety is major concern. Every year many people lose
their life due to accident thereby reducing GDP by about 3% . Road accidents may be
continued on eastern freeway due to high speed, lack of immediate response and warning
system and less information to road user about road condition. To provide safety by
regulating speed, giving immediate response to accidents and providing necessary
warnings through Intelligent transport system is the best tool. We student of K.J.Somaiya
polytechnic had tried our level best and suggest some of the system which can be applied
on freeway to make it more and more safer which are as follows.REG

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42
11.1 High Speed Cameras
These are high tech speed cameras equipped with
infrared system. These cameras capture colored
image of a car or any vehicle crossing the speed
limits and send these picture with data which
include speed of vehicle,location with date and time
and all precise data to the control within seconds
and necessary action can be taken by authority.
There are night vision cameras which
keep watch on roads during night also
High speedcamera with
infrared imaging
They also can keep watch on criminal activities
like stealing of crash barrier, pedestrian
detection or any illegal activities.
Recently there was news in Mumbai Mirror that
thieves stole the crash barriers weighing 20 to
25 kg each and sold in the black market.
A gang of thieves were stealing short metal
pillars that support crash barriers on eastern freeway, increasing the risk of major accident
on the 17km signal free stretch. The thieves particularly target the pillars on the elevated
section of freeway between Sewri and wadala. If strict watch is not kept then tomorrow
thieves will start stealing sign boards, lamp post etc. By installing these cameras we can
not only keep watch on speeding vehicle but also eradicate this type of criminal activities.

Page
43
Date March 14th, 2014.
Mumbai Mirror

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44
Case study done on high speedcameras whichwere installed on
southeastDelhi’s Dwarka sub city and Indira Gandhi international
airport.
Delhi's first high speedcamera catches 600 cars breaching the limit during trial run
A strategically placed camera has zoomed in on the primary cause of the numerous
gruesome late-night crashes that have, of late, left the Capital's roads blood splattered
accelerator-happy motorists who don't think twice before sending their speedometer
needles shooting past the 100-kmph mark.
The results from the first speed-monitoring camera, installed by the Delhi Traffic Police as
part of a trial run on an open stretch between the new tunnel road near the turning that
leads to southwest Delhi's Dwarka sub-city and Indira Gandhi International Airport on
Monday, revealed that more than 600 vehicles had violated the speed limit within just four
hours. What's worse, many were found zipping at dangerous speeds of more than double
the 55-kmph limit.
No wonder the traffic police want to book offenders found breaching the 90-kmph mark
under the dangerous driving section that can land such drivers behind bars for six months
and make them cough up a penalty of Rs.1, 000. The current fine for speeding in Delhi is
Rs.400.
The Capital's roads have witnessed high-profile accidents with unerring regularity over the
last few weeks, from February's Lamborghini crash that snuffed out the life of a real estate
scion to the fatal accident that killed actor Fardeen Khan's relative. All these incidents
took place late at night.
The police's new initiative has been taken to spotlight such zipzap-doom cases.
"There is a general tendency among drivers to step on the gas during the night when
vehicular movement on the roads is at its minimum. But this trend is an open invitation to
mishaps. In view of this, we thought of installing cameras which can work even during the
late hours," joint commissioner of Delhi Traffic Police Satyendra Garg revealed.
Garg said the monitoring devices would soon be installed across the city in an effort to
keep tabs on the Capital's rogue drivers who unleashed their desire to push the pedal to the
floor at night. "(The camera) captured the picture of the vehicles crossing the stretch,
identifying the registration numbers and recording the date, time as well as speed at which
they were moving," the joint commissioner disclosed.
He said the gizmo would enable the police to nab those exceeding the speed limits. This
would end in potential jail sentences for the offenders if they are booked under the

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45
dangerous driving rules. "Driving at a speed of 100 kmph or more is certainly dangerous,"
Garg pointed out.
Dangerous driving comes in the ambit of Section 184 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988.
Under this, the extent of punishment is decided in court. It could go up to Rs.1,000 in fine
or a maximum jail term of six months or both.
The traffic police decide whether provisions of this section need to be enforced on
offenders, based on the extent of deviation from rules. Usually, if offenders are caught
driving at speeds that are at least 20 kmph higher than the permitted limit, they are
prosecuted under this section. It is also used if swerving while driving or jumping a red
light leads to an accident.
Conclusion
These cameras should be installed on elevated portion of eastern freeway and near the
refineries and in tunnel and entries provided in freeway. Since it is a freeway and major
portion of road is elevated and if there is any accident or stealing activity we can keep
watch and we can take necessary actions.

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46
11.2 Warning Systems
Image showing the working of digital sign board
These are digital variable
message sign boards. These
boards are updated with
regular interval of time
according to further road
condition. Working of this
board is simple. If any
accident or activity happens
on freeway or highway, then
pictures are taken by cameras
and are send to control room
and from there they display the
warning on this board which
are installed on entries of freeway or near tunnels.
This board can also be used further for displaying road condition or weather condition or
any statutory warning.

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47
Effective lighting also plays an
important role. Providing yellow
lights on the shoulders, keep
driver attentive as bad lighting is
also one of the problem for
accidents in tunnels.
Conclusion
This system should be installed on entry, exit, outside and inside of tunnel of freeway and
somewhere near middle portion of freeway.

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11.3 Incident management
This is one of the important system which
becomes active after any accident or during any
natural calamities.
Photo on the right side is emergency call known
as “SOS”. If in any case there is an accident this
phone gets activated and road user can directly
call the ambulance or police as early as possible.
These types of phone are placed inside the tunnel
and on a large elevated portion of road. These are
directly wired to only rescue department, so if we
don’t know the number we can directly call by
simply pressing the button. SOS
Advantage of this system is that response time is reduced. Normally after accident time
taken by response team to reach near the
spot is more and this gap of time is
important because more the delay more
lives are lost.
Cameras which are installed on road at
particular distance also spot the stop
vehicle or accident and it send the photo
with required data to control room and
control room displays warning note on
variable sign board which informs the road
user about further road condition within
minutes. Then control room informs the
response team also.
Immediate response team should be mentally and physically active and they should be
given training in various rescue operations. On the right side there is a photo of a typical
rescue vehicle used in Japan.

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49
This is one of the important device which
is fitted on the entries so we can keep
watch on number of vehicle entering into
the road. This system also specifies the
type of vehicle entering the road like it
can identify whether it is a bus, car or
motorcycle. With this we can find out how
many vehicles are using this road. We can
also keep watch whether vehicle is using
proper lane or not
Conclusion
SOS can be installed on elevated portion near refineries or curve and inside the tunnel on
eastern freeway.
Immediate response team should be such that, they will be at the accident site within
10min from the time they get a call from SOS.

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50
11.4 Smart Roads (Dynamic Paints)
Weather conditions are highly related to road safety. There are a lot of different weather
applications in which Wireless Sensor Networks can improve safety in our roads. Weather
stations or remote sensors to measure temperature, humidity and other similar parameters
are already being used in highways to make them Smart Roads. But why not extend it at a
higher level? As an example, the Madrid city government has recently installed a series of
temperature sensors buried under the road surface to monitor the appearance of ice plates in
real time.
Furthermore, other real time applications are being developed and carried out using wireless
sensors, such as monitoring water levels on viaducts, creating noise maps in roads close to
cities or even monitoring traffic congestion. Fortunately, the use of Smart Roads technology
has only just begun. Do you want to know what´s next?
Future Smart Roads applications are about to come to our lives, and most of them will
improve our quality of life. According to Logan Ward in Popular Mechanics, American
drivers log nearly twice as many kilometers as they did 25 years ago on roads that have
increased in capacity by only 5 percent. The annual costs of traffic congestion keep rising,
resulting in 3.7 billion hours of driver delays and 8.7 billion liters of wasted fuel. Can you
imagine a smart road that is able to warn you of an alternative route to avoid traffic
congestion a few kilometers away?
Road traffic fatalities are one of the most important causes of death globally. According to
the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 150,000 people will be killed on the
roads by 2020, since cars will be more present in developing countries, increasing the
number of vehicles on the world´s roads up to 2 billion.
Weather conditions affect road safety—therefore, the use of sensors and smart
applications could reduce the number of road accidents. Smart Roads could take
advantage of solar energy for power, clearing city streets of ice and snow by simply
melting it away. Furthermore, temperature-responsive dynamicpaint could be used to
make ice crystals visible to drivers when cold weather makes road surfaces slippery.

Page
51
Smart Lighting could also be applied to Smart Roads by fitting the roads with power-
saving lights that gradually brighten as vehicles approach then switch themselves off after
they pass. In fact, a photo-luminescent paint for road markings is about to be used in the
Netherlands. This paint would charge during the day to illuminate the tarmac for up to 10
hours overnight.
The Smart Highway by Studio
Roosegaarde and infrastructure
management group
Heijmans won BestFuture
Concept at the Dutch Design
Awards, and has already gone
beyond pure concept. The studio
has developed a photo-luminising
powder that will replace road
markings -- it charges up in
sunlight, giving it up to ten hours
of glow-in-the-dark time come
nightfall.
Special paint will also be used
to paint markers like
snowflakes across the road's
surface -- when temperatures
fall to a certain point, these
images will become visible,
indicating that the surface will
likely be slippery. Roosegaarde
says this technology has been
around for years, on things like
baby food.
Conclusion

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52
These type of paints can be used not only on eastern freeway but also on any highway in
India. This will save the electricity required for lamps ,will be attractive and will also keep
driver active.
Photo Gallery

Page
53
Twin
Tunnel at
Anik-
Panjrapol

Page
54
Elevated Portion of Freeway
Entry to Freeway From Reay Road Entry

Page
55
End of Freeway at P’D Mello road, CST.
Entry to Freeway
From Chembur
NearShivaji Chowk

Page
56
Exit Ramp for Trucks to Refineries (Under Construction)
Exit provided for drivers near Wadala

Page
57
Entry to Freeway from Wadala (Under Construction)
Exit for Orange Gate

Page
58
Start of Freeway at Ghatkopar near Indian Oil nagar (under
Construction)

Page
59
Four lane Elevated Bridge
CONCLUSION
The potential of Intelligent Transport System ( ITS ) technologies in improving the
efficiency of transportation sector in India appears to be very promising based on the
experience of other countries. A national strategic ITS plan for India is much needed for
the effective development
Some of the ITS technology like Automated Highway System, Fleet Management
System, Traveler Information System, Advance Warning System, and DYNAC software
for planning will effectively help in monitoring and controlling traffic congestion and
minimize the accidents rates.
By applying the above technologies on Eastern Express Freeway, benefits such as reduce
in travel time, less fuel consumption, low accidents rates and hence economic
productivity.
ITS technology is 20 years old in the world still in India all the technologies related to
this has not been implemented. Once this is done we can be at par with the developed
countries. We are already in the path of this progress . but we need to speed up to be with
the pace of technology.

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60
References
 Mumbai city development plan 2005-2025
 Document from transportation engineering Division, Department of civil engineering,
IIT Madras.
 Report by Mohammad Imtiyaz. M. A., M. tech in highway Engineering.
 MMRDA, Booklet on traffic survey conducted in 2003.
Web References
 www.Transdyn.com
 www.mmrda.maharashtra.gov.in
 www.itsindia.org
 www.infrastructure.gov.au/transport/its/its_use.aspx

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Application of Intelligent Transportation Systems on Mumbai Eastern Freeway

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