1. Art History 2: Class 2
Names and terms: “Northern Renaissance,” Flanders, van Eyck, diptych, triptych, van der Weyden, Bosch,
Bruegel, Germany, printing/printmaking, woodcut, relief printing, engraving, intaglio printing, Martin
Schongauer (Germany), Albrecht Dürer, Nuremberg, Apocalypse, "The Master Engravings:" Knight,
Death, and the Devil; St. Jerome; Melancholia I), etching, Rembrandt (Holland; "states"), Protestant
Reformation/Martin Luther, Wittenberg, Lucas Cranach (the Elder), Protestant propaganda, Lucas Cranach,
Passional Christi und Antichristi, Philip Melancthon, Mannerism, Pontormo, Rosso Fiorentino, Bronzino,
Parmigianino, Council of Trent, Counter-Reformation, Domenikos Theotokopulos (El Greco), Toledo,
Disrobing of Christ, The Burial of the Count of Orgaz, Carracci (Italy), Bologna (Carraci Academy;
Annibale Carraci)
Possible essay questions:
--Differentiate between relief methods (i.e., woodcut) and intaglio methods (i.e., engraving) of printing
images. Discuss the importance and impact of the introduction of printmaking. Who was Albrecht Dürer,
and how was he influential in the history of printed images?
--Discuss the use of prints as Protestant propaganda—what was the Passional Christi und Antichristi, and
how did its illustrations serve to promote Protestantism over Catholicism? Discuss Counter-Reformation
attempts to reform Mannerism in Catholic art—who were some Mannerist painters, and what were some
Mannerist tendencies?
Images:
The Ghent Altarpiece by Jan van Eyck, 1432, page 292
The Arnolfini Wedding Portrait by Jan van Eyck, 1434, page 293
Descent from the Cross (Deposition) by Rogier van der Weyden, 1435, page 295
The Garden of Earthly Delights by Hieronymus Bosch, c.1500, page 297
The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse by Albrecht Dürer, 1498, page 371
Adam and Eve by Albrecht Dürer, 1504, page 372
Descent from the Cross by Rosso Fiorentino, 1521, p.349
Allegory by A. Bronzino, 1546, p.350
Madonna with the Long Neck by Parmigianino, 1535, p.357
The Burial of Count Orgaz by El Greco, 1586, p.367
Page from the Passional Christi und Antichristi (illustration by Lucas Cranach)